One Health practice in Hainan, China

Tingchan Liang, Hong Tan, Yuan Qi?

1One Health Bulletin Editorial Office, Hainan Medical University, 572600 Haikou, China

2Office of Science and Technology Development, Hainan University, 572600 Haikou, China

The devastating COVID-19 pandemic over the past three years has made One Health a trending philosophy not only as a regional and national initiative but also as transboundary efforts calling for multilateral cooperations.Mwatondo et al.presented One Health Networks in a recent article published in The Lancet, calling for further promotion of the One Health approach[1].Likewise, recent studies in developing countries described the rapid adoption of One Health concepts globally and the major advances in practice of One Health in the past two decades[2-4].In this perspective, we highlight a pilot One Health program China spearheaded by the World Bank and the provincial government of Hainan.This pilot program aims to boost our awareness of preventing and combating emerging infectious diseases using the One Health approach[5].

Hainan, the southernmost province in China of tropical climate, has recently been designated by the Central Government as an provincewide free trade port, similar to Hong Kong and Singapore, and is expected to rapidly transition from a dormant tourist attraction to an international hub of commerce.

CNN的主要結(jié)構(gòu)包括：卷積層和池化層，是提取特征的核心模塊，通過梯度下降法對網(wǎng)絡中的權(quán)重矩陣不斷進行調(diào)節(jié)，以訓練出最優(yōu)模型。

學校積極組織學生學習省、市黨史部門和學校學者編寫的《大別山風云錄》《鄂豫邊革命史》《鄂豫邊抗日根據(jù)地》《吳煥先》等著作，開設《鄂豫皖革命根據(jù)地史》等特色課程，使學生系統(tǒng)了解和學習大別山紅色革命文化；每年成立“德育講師團”，整合優(yōu)質(zhì)師資力量在全校范圍開展巡講活動，大力宣揚大別山區(qū)革命文化傳統(tǒng)；結(jié)合主題黨團活動，開設黨課、團課，開展“三下鄉(xiāng)”等社會實踐活動，將紅色課程教學與課外實踐教育融為一體[3]。

The World Bank Hainan initiative will fund collaborative scientific projects on emerging infectious disease surveillance and prevention including sentinel surveillance of zoonotic diseases,active surveillance of antibiotic resistance patterns, monitoring and mitigating the impacts of climate change on health, and food security.The initiative also facilitates government interagency coordination, and reform of existing governance mechanisms in pursuit of One Health objectives.The efforts are also supported by the World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and the World Organization for Animal Health.

This study receives no extramural funding.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

As part of the World Bank Hainan initiative and the first academic journal in the field of One Health in China, One Health Bulletin was launched with an aim to expand interdisciplinary collaboration and communication on human, animal and environmental health.We intend to disseminate the latest research findings on public health policies, emerging infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance, food safety and security, biosafety and biosecurity, environmental health,management and early warning, etc.

As mapped out in the One Health initiative, research platforms on animal-derived food safety, full-chain bacterial resistance, new drug creation technology and product research and development are to be set up by 2025.A risk-based monitoring system for zoonotic diseases and other health threats, and a One Health data collecting and exchanging platform will also be established.Concurrently,the initiative will continue to strengthen the emergency response capacity of medical institutions, establish a control mechanism for antibiotics misuse and overuse as well as One Health environmental programs, and prevent the cross-border spread of epidemics.As a demonstrative area of One Health practice, Hainan will share the stories of One Health solutions and best practices nationwide and worldwide.

The authors contributed to this article in their personal capacity.The views expressed are their own and do not necessarily represent the view of the institutions they are affiliated with.

Presently, Hainan Province is building a "One Health" system in institutional and mechanism innovation, interdisciplinary collaborative research, talent training, and international cooperation.Hainan has by far conducted various cooperation projects with domestic and international universities, and established a think tank of more than 100 renowned experts across the globe, and two cooperation organizations of One Health.

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Funding

從表1看出，黃土高原各生態(tài)區(qū)植被覆蓋度多年平均變化最小的是祁連山森林與高寒草甸草原生態(tài)區(qū)(Ⅲ-1)，最大的是黃土高原農(nóng)業(yè)與草原生態(tài)區(qū)(Ⅰ -12)。從圖4看出， Ⅰ-12的植被覆蓋變化幅度最大，2001-2007年為第1階段緩慢上升，且變浮不大，在2007-2011年上升幅度較前一階段有所加大，而2011-2013年植被覆蓋上升到最大值0.595，2013-2014年開始下降； Ⅲ-1的植被覆蓋則一直較平穩(wěn)，從2001年到2007年緩慢上升，2007年到2011年出現(xiàn)波動，有增有減。2011-2014年則幾乎持平，變化不大。

Authors’contributions

試驗仔豬在同一幢封閉式育仔舍飼養(yǎng)，采用高床飼養(yǎng)，床欄面積180 cm×180cm，舍溫保持在22～25℃，由專人負責飼喂全價顆粒飼料，試驗豬自由采食和自動飲水，每天清掃糞便兩次，免疫程序按豬場常規(guī)進行，每天觀察記錄豬只死亡腹瀉情況。

TL and YQ organized the content and conducted literature search,TL wrote the main text and polished the language, and HT revised the text and checked the details.