“熱射病”的跡象及預(yù)防

安徽 周艷霞

過(guò)去的一年，世界多地高溫“超長(zhǎng)待機(jī)”，不少地方的氣溫突破40℃。高溫之下，“熱射病致死”的相關(guān)話題引發(fā)熱議。那么，什么是熱射病呢？我們又應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對(duì)？

主題語(yǔ)境：氣候與健康 篇幅：303詞 建議用時(shí)：6分鐘

Heat-related sickness is top of mind today for many people around the world not used to dealing with extreme heat. When the body's temperature rises faster than it can cool itself,damage to the brain and other important organs can occur—even death. Here are the key signs of heatstroke and other heat illnesses and how to respond. We have also included tips on how to prevent becoming ill in the first place.

Signs of heatstroke include excessive (過(guò)分的) sweating, a headache, fast breathing,being very thirsty and loss of appetite and feeling sick. The body temperature will be very high,and can climb to 41℃or higher within 10 to 15 minutes.

If you find someone with heatstroke, quickly get him/her to rest in a cool place, such as a room with an air conditioner or somewhere in the shade. Remove any unnecessary clothing. Cooling his/her skin or fanning his/her skin will help his/her skin cool down. You should also get him/her to drink water.

Children and the elderly are at the highest risk from heatstroke. Children often can't tell adults when they are thirsty. Also, the body's ability to signal thirst to the brain declines as we age. Being fat also raises your risk, as does having heart disease, a mental illness or drinking alcohol. People who have poor circulation or who are already dehydrated(脫水的)are also at higher risk.

The good news is that there are ways you can protect yourself and your loved ones from becoming sick from heatstroke. Here are some of the top tips experts recommend:Drink water even when not thirsty.Wearing sunscreen,limiting sweating and avoiding alcohol,saying“yes”to fans,taking a lot of breaks,and eating hydrating foods are also important.

Reading Check

1.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A.The levels of heatstroke. B.The risks of heatstroke.C.The cause of heatstroke. D.The signs of heatstroke.

2.What can be the correct method of/for dealing with people with heatstroke?

A.Sending them to a cool place at once.

B.Getting them to drink hot water immediately.

C.Taking their clothing off as soon as possible.

翻譯對(duì)等是個(gè)由來(lái)已久卻尚未完全解決的焦點(diǎn)問(wèn)題，然而，事實(shí)也證明，完全的對(duì)等或無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)刻地對(duì)等是很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的。但是，對(duì)等是最理想的翻譯效果，也是無(wú)數(shù)翻譯理論家與實(shí)踐家理想的彼岸。奈達(dá)提出的動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)等理論就是應(yīng)對(duì)翻譯對(duì)等問(wèn)題的一劑良藥。為了無(wú)限地接近理想的狀態(tài)，譯者可以以奈達(dá)提出的翻譯動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)等理論為指導(dǎo)，靈活運(yùn)用各種翻譯方法，將原文的思想和內(nèi)容充分地展現(xiàn)，讓原語(yǔ)讀者和譯語(yǔ)讀者獲得的反應(yīng)盡量一致化，實(shí)現(xiàn)翻譯效果等效的目的。

D.Calling the doctor and giving first aid quickly.

3.Who's at the highest risk of having heatstroke?

A.A man with poor circulation. B.An old man.

C.A fat child. D.A drunken man.

4.In which column of a website can we find the text?

A.Travel. B.Health.

C.Climate. D.Education.

Language Study

Ⅰ.Difficult sentence in the text

When the body's temperature rises faster than it can cool itself, damage to the brain and other important organs can occur—even death.當(dāng)體溫上升的速度超過(guò)它自身的冷卻速度時(shí)，就會(huì)對(duì)大腦和其他重要器官造成損害，甚至死亡。

【點(diǎn)石成金】本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。When the body's temperature rises faster 是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；than引導(dǎo)的是比較狀語(yǔ)從句。

Ⅱ.Text-centered chunks

deal with 應(yīng)付

loss of 缺失

such as 例如

in the shade 在陰涼處

cool down（使）變涼；（使）冷卻；（使）降溫

at risk 處境危險(xiǎn)；在危險(xiǎn)中

protect from 保護(hù)