Research and Practice on Curriculum Reform of Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Major against the Backdrop of "Comprehensive Health"

Hua ZHU, Liqun SHEN, Anda WEI, Lin KANG, Fengfeng XIE, Danni LI

1.Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China; 2.Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China; 3.Guangxi University, Nanning 530000, China

Abstract Against the backdrop of Comprehensive Health, the Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing major faces both opportunities and challenges.This paper describes some problems encountered in the development of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing major, puts forward some suggestions and measures to adapt to the training of talents of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing against the backdrop of Comprehensive Health, and discusses the practical research on curriculum reform.

Key words Comprehensive Health, Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing major, Talent training

1 Introduction

Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing is a relatively new major which studies all aspects of Chinese herbal medicine production on the basis of learning the basic theory of modern Chinese medicine.It is not only different from science of traditional Chinese medicine, but also different from pharmaceutical engineering.It is a pharmaceutical engineering major that tends to traditional Chinese medicine, it is a major to train talents for research and development of Chinese patent pharmacology, and it is more aimed at the development and preparation of new drugs in the field of traditional Chinese medicine.This course covers traditional Chinese medicine, chemistry, biology and engineering, with a wide range of contents and great difficulties in teaching.Therefore, it is a common task for our teachers to carry out the teaching reform of the professional course of Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing so as to make it in line with the training goal of students majoring in Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing.

With the release ofOutlineoftheHealthyChina2030Plan, healthy China has officially upgraded to the "National Strategy".The development of comprehensive health industry has a good prospect.Against the backdrop of the rise of "Comprehensive Health Industry" and insisting on inheritance and innovative development, it is necessary to explore some disadvantages existing in the training mode of college students majoring in Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing.Through the reform, research and practice of the course of Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, it is necessary to form a set of relatively perfect teaching plans for Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing major, strive to produce certain social and economic benefits, and train Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing talents who can meet the needs of Comprehensive Health.At the same time, this paper provides practical experience and promotion suggestions for the curriculum reform of Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing major for other medical colleges and universities.

2 Problems in the development of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing major

2.1 Lack of "pharmaceutical" feature in the curriculum settingThe major of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing is an engineering discipline that studies the laws of physical processes in the process of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing on the basis of science of Chinese traditional medicine and chemical engineering.Therefore, in terms of curriculum setting, the major of Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing should basically cover the content of the major of Science of Chinese Traditional Medicine, and on this basis, add relevant engineering courses and practical courses.At present, there is an imbalance among general courses, basic courses and professional basic courses in the training plans of Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing majors in some colleges and universities.Among them, some engineering courses, such as chemical engineering principles, engineering graphics, Chinese medicine separation engineering, chemical automation and instrumentation, only account for less than 10% of the total class hours.Thus it can be seen that while paying attention to the basic theory, the talent training of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing major is lacking in systematic cultivation of students’ comprehensive engineering skills.

2.2 Paying too much attention to theoretical knowledge and neglecting practical abilityFirst of all, teachers have a high theoretical level and weak practical ability.The assessment of teachers in most schools focuses on publishing high-level papers and applying for national projects, ignoring the improvement of teachers’ practical ability, which directly affects the cultivation of students’ practical ability.Secondly, the proportion of theoretical courses is too large, there are few experimental operation courses, coupled with the lack of experimental venues and equipment in some colleges and universities, which seriously hinders the cultivation of students’ experimental operation ability.

2.3 Improving the effectiveness of internshipProduction practice is not only a key process to cultivate students’ ability to transform theoretical knowledge into production practice, but also an important link to cultivate students’ innovative ability, and the main way for students to understand the production of pharmaceutical industry.The course of Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing should set up a large number of practical links, such as cognitive practice, production practice, Chinese medicine collection practice, professional comprehensive experiment, graduation design and so on, but some colleges and universities only arrange production internship and the internship period is relatively short, resulting in poor effect of internship.The main reason is that the students’ purpose of production practice is not strong, lacking scientific and reasonable assessment system, coupled with the high degree of automation of modern Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises, students can not really understand the structure and performance of key equipment[2-3].

3 Exploration on the curriculum reform of Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing against the backdrop of "Comprehensive Health"

Against the backdrop of "Comprehensive Health", Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing should pay more attention to the integration of production and teaching, cooperative education, and strengthen the construction of the training mode of high-quality applied talents of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing.The goal of talent training should be improved through teaching practice, and the important links such as identification, processing, extraction and preparation technology, equipment management and quality evaluation of Chinese medicine in Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing should be integrated by optimizing teaching content and curriculum system to form a curriculum system that highlights professional characteristics.It is necessary to further improve diversified teaching methods and integrate various forms of practical teaching system, train high-quality applied talents of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing, improve students’ practical operation ability, and meet the needs of China’s Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing industry to provide a new force for the development of the comprehensive health industry.In order to deepen the integration of industry and education, on the one hand, we should organize teachers to go to enterprises to accumulate practical experience; on the other hand, we should employ front-line senior engineers and technicians from enterprises and industries as part-time teachers to create a double-quality teaching team.

3.1 Continuing to adhere to the concept of "student-centered" education and teachingWe should focus on the student-centered teaching concept and pay attention to the cultivation of students’ ability of independent innovation.We should respect students’ critical thinking and create an open and interactive classroom atmosphere.Through active guidance, students’ passive learning should be transformed into active learning, and teaching forms such as micro-class, MOOC and rain classroom should be introduced to strengthen students’ research-based learning.We should pay attention to the development of students’ personality and guide them to develop in an all-round way.Professional course teachers should fully explore the ideological and political elements in the classroom and actively participate in the career planning of graduates.At the same time, international exchanges among students of this major should be strengthened, and joint training should be carried out by famous schools inside and outside China to broaden students’ horizon.It is necessary to gather visiting teachers at home and abroad or hire internationally renowned professors to set up bilingual teaching courses to create an academic atmosphere, and students should participate in academic lectures in their professional fields and grasp the trends of scientific research in this major.

3.2 Forming a mechanism to promote teachers’ teaching developmentIt is necessary to advocate that teachers should participate in and experience the whole curriculum learning process, and further promote mutual evaluation between teachers and students and self-evaluation.It is necessary to carry out teaching review and improve teachers’ basic teaching skills and experimental teaching guidance level.It is necessary to strengthen the teaching design and highlight the emotional inheritance of Chinese medicine.It is necessary to implement bilingual teaching in the main courses, carry out the competition of "talking about majors", "speaking courses" and "doing design", integrating the teaching contents of different disciplines, and construct the curriculum system of "basic modules + major modules".It is necessary to build core courses for Chinese medicine majors, to combine experimental general education with the width of Chinese medicine culture and knowledge, and to integrate proficiency and depth of professional education, so as to effectively strengthen the construction of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing curriculum system.

3.3 Building a curriculum system that meets the requirements of talent training and focusing on the construction of courses with industry characteristicsCurriculum construction is the focus in the construction of Chinese medicine preparation major training model with the integration of industry and education, and it is necessary to promote the characteristic courses related to the industry.

3.3.1Adjusting the curriculum system and content.Centering on the requirements of the training objectives and paying close attention to the professional characteristics, we should add the courses of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Technology, Pharmacy of Chinesemateriamedica, Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Equipment and Management, and delete the courses of pharmacology and pharmacy.It is necessary to reduce some courses that are divorced from the actual content of pharmaceutical production, and increase the closely related contents in the production process, such as workshop quality control and management.

3.3.2Focusing on the construction of professional basic courses and professional characteristic courses.Professional characteristic courses should pay attention to the combination of industry characteristics and enterprise needs, and form characteristic modules such as identification and processing of Chinese medicine, natural medicine chemistry and technology of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing, pharmacy of Chinesemateriamedicaand analysis of Chinese medicine,etc.The previous learning content is the basis of the next content, and the next content is the feedback of the previous content and the test of learning effect, forming five or six characteristic courses of this major.

3.3.3Revising the syllabus of the professional curriculum group.It is necessary to organize industry experts and scholars to demonstrate around the requirements of the training goal, highlight the close integration of industry and education, scientifically design the course content and optimize it in accordance with the principle of "strong practicability".

3.3.4Strengthening the construction of teaching materials.It is necessary to participate in the compilation of teaching materials for the 14thFive-Year Plan, such as analysis of Chinese medicine, processing of Chinese medicine, pharmacy of Chinesemateriamedica, and Chinesemateriamedicacommoditology, and compile teaching materials for new characteristic courses, such as technology of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing.

3.4 Developing diversified teaching models and teaching methods to improve students’ comprehensive quality and ability

3.4.1Solidifying the latest scientific research achievements into classroom teaching in a timely manner.According to the teaching contents and characteristics of the subject, teachers should constantly accumulate and summarize and refine the scientific research achievements, and timely incorporate the latest scientific research achievements and practical experience into classroom teaching as materials for case analysis.

3.4.2Inviting professional or industry experts into the classroom.It is necessary to teach the contents related to the actual production and the actual work in the industry, and discuss the professional training direction, the syllabus, the experimental outline, the content of production practice and the experimental skills that students should master with industry experts, so as to achieve the goal of collaborative education.

3.4.3Reaching regularization and normalization of production practice teaching mode.It is necessary to lead students to carry out production practice in enterprises and to understand the development and changes of the industry is a useful supplement to classroom teaching.Students really benefit from production practice, and after returning to school, students should be organized to give lectures in groups on the experience of production practice.

3.4.4Implementing a student-centered and problem-oriented teaching method.Everything should be student-centered, using heuristic method, discussion and other methods to give full play to the enthusiasm of students.At the same time, it is necessary to guide and help students to carry out data research, analysis, summary and refinement according to different goals, combined with practical activities in the form of experimental design, classroom PPT lectures and assignments, so as to significantly improve students’ comprehensive quality and ability.

3.5 Integrating various forms of practical teaching system to improve students’ practical and innovative ability

3.5.1Reconstructing the content of experimental teaching.Practical teaching methods and contents need to be replanned according to the needs of the industry, which is different from the major of science of Chinese traditional medicine, to meet the needs of the development of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing industry.It is necessary to delete duplicate content or add feature content that is closely related to the actual situation.

3.5.2Attaching importance to the role of off-campus practice.Students should be sent to famous enterprises with unique characteristics inside and outside the province for production practice, such as enterprises famous for modern management and production equipment, and enterprises that attach importance to the training of young reserve talents.Students not only come to these enterprises in person, but also receive comprehensive training from the production workshop, quality inspection, logistics, management and other aspects.In the production practice, it is necessary to guide the students to make good records, be good at finding the problems in practice, discuss the problems and consult the literature, and the college should organize a summary and commendation meeting for the practice.

3.5.3Choosing a graduation project that meets the needs of the industry.In the process of graduation thesis writing, from the aspects of topic selection, experimental design, experimental operation, result analysis, picture and data collation, literature review, writing paper report and defense, we should get a more rigorous and comprehensive training in thinking methods and operating skills.

3.5.4Actively guiding students to participate in college students’ entrepreneurship and other activities.In the entrepreneurial activities of college students, through the active guidance of teachers, students can get all-round training in scientific research and training.

3.5.5Building a complete experimental design platform related to Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing.It is necessary to form an one-stop experimental design platform for the whole process of Chinese medicine identification, processing, extraction technology, preparation and formation and quality control, so as to integrate knowledge and learn to build bridges between disciplines, and become high-quality talent of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing with comprehensive knowledge structure.

3.6 Establishing a complete practical teaching systemIt is necessary to innovate the experimental teaching methods, techniques and contents, closely combine talent training with scientific and technological innovation, and gradually set up the course of Chinese Medicine Design and Innovation Experiment.It is necessary to hold a competition on experimental skills of Chinese medicine in school, and strengthen the education of inheritance and innovation of traditional theories and characteristic technologies such as identification, processing and preparation of Chinese medicine.It is necessary to organize students to carry out summer social practice activities, rely on the Chinese Medicine Specimen Making Association to carry out in-depth investigation of Chinese medicine resources, and comprehensively improve students’ understanding of Chinese herbal medicine.According to the needs of the construction of the Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing major, it is necessary to cultivate a number of high-quality teaching bases with good results, and organize students to go deep into the base to carry out cognitive practice and production practice of Chinese medicine.It is necessary to strengthen the construction of undergraduate tutorial system, organize students to carry out projects such as national innovation project, provincial innovation project, and scientific research and training programs for college students, and effectively transform scientific research advantages into teaching advantages.The "four-level" model of "basic theory, basic skills, scientific and technological innovation and social service" is suitable for the training of talents in Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing, and will certainly promote the development of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing in Guangdong Province, to provide better applied talents for the pharmaceutical industry in South China[4].

3.7 Building a "double-quality" teaching team to promote the cooperation between schools and enterprises

3.7.1Encouraging professional teachers to participate in practical activities in Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises.It is necessary to make use of the cold and summer holidays to organize some professional teachers to go deep into the front line of production, receive a period of practical training, understand the modern production and management process of enterprises, experience the production atmosphere of enterprises, explore and solve the difficult problems encountered in teaching.What kind of talents do enterprises need? What areas need to be improved or perfected compared with the needs of enterprises in their own teaching content and teaching model? How to improve it? In view of these problems, it is necessary to write a summary report, put forward suggestions and ideas.

3.7.2Employing well-known entrepreneurs, executives and professional and technical personnel from Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises inside and outside the province as out-of-school teachers to guide students in practice, employment and work so as to build a "double-quality" teaching team.The college should make use of the opportunity of outstanding alumni to return to school and invite students majoring in Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing to make a thematic report on work and employment career, from which students can learn about the abilities and potentials needed by outstanding talents, know themselves, understand the job and job requirements, and make plans, which will benefit the students of the whole major.

3.7.3Supporting teachers to participate in teacher transformation training courses at all levels.Teachers should be encouraged to participate in teacher transformation training courses organized by the state, provinces and ministries, integrate the training results into teaching, enrich classroom content, and gradually achieve the goal of teacher transformation[5].

4 Discussion

Through the construction of the training mode of high-quality talents in the Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing major with the integration of industry and education and cooperative education, the practice platform inside and outside the school should be improved.It is necessary to adopt multiple evaluation methods for students so that graduates of Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing can learn and use, and gradually form a practical teaching system of Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing with the characteristics of applied undergraduate education.At the same time, the training mode of high-quality talents of Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing major should be closely around the major strategic arrangements of the country and the province, and actively integrate into industrial transformation and upgrading and innovation-driven development.Under the guidance of improving the service ability, we should promote the transformation of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing to an application-oriented major, and truly shift the idea of running a school to serving the national and local economic and social development, so as to form a situation of integration of industry and education and cooperation between schools and enterprises.It is necessary to enhance students’ employment and entrepreneurship ability, promote and optimize the structural adjustment of talent training types, and provide strong talent and scientific and technological support for economic efficiency increase and upgrading.At the same time, in close ties with enterprises, it is necessary to promote local economic development and speed up the transformation of achievements, and attach importance to Comprehensive Health.