篇首語(yǔ)

吳春花 《建筑技藝》（AT）執(zhí)行主編

“公共性”是一個(gè)既古老而又常談常新的話題，當(dāng)城市變得越來(lái)越復(fù)雜多元，我們?cè)絹?lái)越需要向內(nèi)挖掘公共空間的品質(zhì)和潛力，真正實(shí)現(xiàn)更可持續(xù)的發(fā)展。因此，“公共設(shè)施之公共性”尤顯重要，怎樣面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，以創(chuàng)造性的思考去發(fā)現(xiàn)和拓展意想不到的可能性，仍然值得我們持續(xù)探討。

對(duì)于公共設(shè)施，本期專題特別選擇了社區(qū)中心、驛站、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施這些面向大眾、天然具有公共性的新建或改造空間。當(dāng)公共性成為這些實(shí)踐的共同指向，我們看到不同情境下的不同策略，既有面對(duì)校園空間不足時(shí)，改造地鐵基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，為體育運(yùn)動(dòng)和休閑活動(dòng)拓展空間的大膽嘗試，也有在滿足排澇泵站基礎(chǔ)功能之上，拓展出的江堤景觀帶公共服務(wù)提升設(shè)計(jì)；既有復(fù)合檔案館和社區(qū)文化中心的整合共享、立體串聯(lián)的公共空間體系建構(gòu)，也有以剖面設(shè)計(jì)高效集約組織醫(yī)療、養(yǎng)老、體育、商業(yè)的全能型社區(qū)中心；既有兼容跑步、慢行，同時(shí)跨越交通、商業(yè)和公共綠地的高架東昌棧橋，也有深入觀察橋下空間、公共廁所、公交場(chǎng)站、公園等公共設(shè)施的“每個(gè)人的城市”系列研究。從中，我們看到貫穿設(shè)計(jì)始終的建筑師對(duì)公共性的反思，正如武寧路橋下驛站的設(shè)計(jì)者，致正建筑工作室主持建筑師張斌在采訪中所說(shuō)的，“建筑師應(yīng)該用空間回應(yīng)人的公共生活，創(chuàng)造人與人連接的可能性，只有公共性能夠代表建筑師的獨(dú)立見解，建筑師始終要考慮能為社會(huì)、大眾帶來(lái)什么?！?/p>

何為公共設(shè)施之公共性？公共性應(yīng)該是城市中一處充滿包容和無(wú)差別化的空間，以及潛藏其中的一種不薄鄙俗與不捐微細(xì)的關(guān)懷，也蘊(yùn)含著每一個(gè)人對(duì)美好生活的向往。就像2021年普利茲克建筑獎(jiǎng)獲得者安妮 拉卡頓和讓-菲利普 瓦薩爾（Anne Lacaton &Jean Philippe Vassal）所致力的，以一種葆有社會(huì)關(guān)懷的專業(yè)態(tài)度于日常生活的庸常性中創(chuàng)造自由的詩(shī)意。

"Publicity" is a common topic.When cities become more and more complex and diverse,we need to explore the quality and potential of public space inward to truly achieve more sustainable development.Therefore,"publicity of public infrastructure" is particularly important.How to face the reality,find and expand unexpected possibilities with creative thinking is still worth our continuing discussion.

This issue specially selects community centers,service stations,infrastructure,which are new or renovated.When publicity becomes the common direction of these practices,we see different strategies in various situations.There are not only the bold attempts to transform the subway infrastructure and expand space for sports and leisure activities in the case of insufficient campus space,but also the public service improvement design of the riverbank landscape belt developed on the basis of meeting the basic functions of the drainage pump station.And there are not only public space system construction of composite archives and community cultural centers,but also all-round community centers that efficiently and intensively organize medical treatment,elderly care,sports and commerce with profile design.And there are also Dongchang Elevatede Passage which is compatible with running and walking,and a series of studies on "OPEN Metropolis" that deeply observe the space under the bridge,public toilets,bus stations,parks and other public facilities.We can see architects' reflection on publicity.As Zhang Bin,the chief architect in Atelier Z+said in the interview,"architects should respond to people's public life with space and create the possibility of connecting people.Only publicity can represent architects' independent views,and they should always consider what they can bring to society and the public."

What does the publicity of public infrastructure mean? Publicity should be a space full of tolerance and indifference in the city,as well as a kind of care that is not vulgar and subtle,but also contains everyone's longing for a better life.Just as Anne Lacaton &Jean Philippe Vassal,the winner of the Pritzker Architecture Award in 2021,is committed to creating free poetry in the mediocrity of daily life with a professional attitude of social care.