Progress in the treatment of chronic bronchitis with Chinese and western medicine

Background

Chronic bronchitis is a chronic nonspecific inflammation of the trachea,bronchial mucosa,and nearby tissues due to infectious or non-infectious factors.And with age,respiratory defense function decreases,prone to infection,and the prevalence gradually increases[1].Chronic bronchitis is a common and frequently-occurring disease in respiratory diseases.The disease causes complications such as bronchiectasis,bronchopneumonia,obstructive emphysema,and pulmonary heart disease,which may be life-threatening in severe cases.Patients with advanced severe disease have long-term clinical symptoms,which impact the patient’s spirit and life.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the etiology,symptoms,treatment,nursing,and prevention of chronic bronchitis.

Cognition of western medicine

Bronchitis refers to chronic non-specific inflammation of the trachea,bronchial mucosa,and surrounding tissues.Chronic bronchitis is a common disease characterized by a long onset cycle and is difficult to cure.Have a persistent cough,expectoration,and asthma symptoms for three months and above in clinical manifestations and have such symptoms for two or more consecutive years[2].The symptoms of early chronic bronchitis are mild;the signs of late chronic bronchitis are severe,with severe symptoms regardless of season,and further aggravation of the disease complicated by obstructive emphysema and pulmonary heart disease[3].

Cognition of Chinese medicine

As early as in

,the name of this disease has been cough,and it is believed that the lesions of the lung are the main cause of this disease.However,it is also associated with other organs,so there is a statement that “all internal organs are coughing”.In

and

in the Eastern Han Dynasty,the cough was also described in detail,with cough,asthma,sputum,and even chest paralysis,coughing,saliva wheezing,and chest and back pain.Then the

recorded that “although there are many cough syndromes,there is no non-lung disease” to the Ming Dynasty.There were some medical dictionaries to divide lung disease into two categories:exogenous and internal injury.Modern Traditional Chinese Medicine generally also divides chronic bronchitis into two categories:exogenous and internal injuries for treatment in clinical practice[4].

Pathogenesis of western medicine

Inflammatory response

Oxidative stress is a central link in the inflammatory process.Oxidative stress in the lungs occurs mainly because of active and passive smoking,which activates pulmonary neutrophils and macrophages and secretes proteases and antiproteinases.Pulmonary inflammatory lesions result from an imbalance of the protease-antiprotease system.In contrast,oxidative stress response disrupts the structure and function of the antiprotease,which leads to disruption of the balance of the protease-antiprotease system[5].

Patients with chronic bronchitis have excessive goblet cell secretion,resulting in increased mucus secretion.Thus,obstruction occurs in the airway lumen,and the airway becomes narrow,resulting in worsening airflow obstruction[6].

Increased numbers of neutrophils,increased tumor necrosis factor-α,and adverse effects on corticosteroids and these altered immune responses may have an essential role in the alteration of airway structure,commonly known as airway remodeling.Microvascular changes are a component of airway remodeling.Airflow obstruction is a primary clinical manifestation of airway remodeling[7].

Etiology of traditional Chinese medicine

Exogenous

Sunrise on the eastern coast is a special event. I stood at Dolphin s Nose, a spur jutting1 out into the Bay of Bengal, to behold2 the breaking of the sun s upper limb over the horizon of the sea. As the eastern sky started unfolding like the crimson3 petals4 of a gigantic flower, I was overcome by a wave of romantic feelings and nostalgia5（，） -- vivid memorie not diminished by the fact that almost ten years had passed.

Aerosol inhalation therapy is a treatment that uses the principle of gas jet to suspend the tiny droplets hit by water droplets in the gas,form aerosols,and input them into the respiratory tract for respiratory tract humidification or drug inhalation directly acting on the lesion site.Compared with oral administration,atomization inhalation therapy has the characteristics of small dosage,rapid onset,and high safety[10].

Internal injury

Sun Dan et al.used atomization inhalation of ambroxol hydrochloride to treat elderly patients with chronic bronchitis[11].The experimental results showed that the total effective rate at 1,2,and 3 weeks of treatment in the observation group(52.2%,96.7%,96.7%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(31.1%,69.7%,85.4%).The results showed that aerosol inhalation of Ambroxol Hydrochloride could significantly eliminate cough,expectoration,pulmonary rales,fever,and other symptoms and were effective in the treatment of chronic bronchitis without serious adverse reactions during treatment.Xiang-Cheng Cai et al.treated the control group with atomization inhalation of α-chymotrypsin,gentamicin,and dexamethasone and observed the group with atomization inhalation of ambroxol hydrochloride injection[12].The experimental results showed that the overall response rate of the observation group was 90% higher than that of the control group(72%),indicating that ambroxol hydrochloride is effective in the treatment of chronic bronchitis in clinical practice.

Treatment of western medicine

Atomization inhalation

He rested on the waves, he trod the water- infact, did everything he could think of, in order not to fatiguehimself, and to reserve strength enough to reach land

The internal cause is mainly dysfunction of viscera,especially closely related to dysfunction and decline of lung,spleen,and kidney.Mainly phlegm coagulation and blood stasis.Invasion of exogenous pathogens first offends the lungs,resulting in abnormal function of the lungs,resulting in symptoms such as cough,sputum,and shortness of breath.If the cough is not healed for a long time,it will lose lung Qi,the body’s ability to resist exogenous pathogens decreases,and it is more likely to infect diseases;if the human body has a deficiency of spleen Qi and loss of good transport of the spleen,it leads to the accumulation of water dampness in the body and the formation of phlegm.According to the interphase relationship of the five elements,splenopathy involves the lungs,resulting in lung loss and depression,leading to cough disease.The kidney is the basis of viscera.The transport of spleen yang depends on the warming of kidney yang;the kidney dominates and nourishes Qi,which has the effect of ingesting the respiratory Qi inhaled by the lung to maintain the normal function of the normal lung.The three are interdependent and interact[9].

Young Prince Souci had a handsome face, and at the bottom a good deal of common sense; but he had never been taught good manners, and was shy and awkward; and had, besides, never learned how to use his brains

Xiao-Chuan Li used intravenous Tanreqing injection combined with cephalosporin in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic bronchitis[15].The experimental results showed that the overall response rate of clinical treatment was 98.00% in the group using Tanreqing injection combined with cephalosporins and 86.00% in the group using cephalosporins only,which showed that Tanreqing injection combined with cephalosporins in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic bronchitis can significantly reduce the level of inflammatory factors in clinical practice.

Intravenous injection

Xue-Ming Yin treated chronic bronchitis with aerosol inhalation of Budesonide suspension combined with Compound Isopropyl Bromide[13].The experimental results showed that the effect of the combination of the two was significant.The control group used Budesonide suspension alone.It shows that the combination of the two in the treatment of chronic bronchitis can improve the ventilation function of patients,relieve the condition,improve the efficacy,and has no obvious adverse reactions.Guang-Yuan Lu administered conventional treatment to the control group and observed that the conventional treatment was based on aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension[14].The experimental results showed that the overall response rate of the observation group was 96.67% higher than that of the control group(76.67%).The experimental results showed that the clinical application of budesonide atomization inhalation in the treatment of chronic bronchitis has a good effect.

Traditional Chinese Medicine believes that evil enters from the mouth and nose or fur,the lung Qi is bundled,the lung loses its purging,the general regulation is out of control,and the body turns into phlegm,or exogenous pathogens induce internal volts to stop phlegm and drink,block the airway so that the lung Qi upside down and cough,sputum,and other diseases occur;or due to cold and damp impregnation,Yang Qi inhibited,water essence loss,accumulation into the drink.The external cause is mainly wind-cold,more likely to invade the pulmonary system and develop when lung Qi deficiency declines.The cold evil stagnates for a long time and then becomes heat,or feels the evil of warm heat;then there are different manifestations such as phlegm-heat and dryness and heat[8].

Lu-Lu Ma used intravenous bromhexine combined with moxifloxacin to treat chronic bronchitis[16].The experimental results showed that the treatment response rate was 95.00% in the bromhexine combined with moxifloxacin and 80.00% in the only moxifloxacin group.Bromhexine,which facilitates sputum expectoration and reduces viscosity,combined with moxifloxacin treatment,can effectively improve the patient’s condition.

Oral medications

Yang Zhou used oral amphotericin combined with levofloxacin to treat chronic bronchitis[17].The experimental results showed that the overall response rate was 96.08% in the observation group treated with the combination of the two,higher than 80.39% in the control group treated with amphotericin alone.The experiment showed that the use of enomycin combined with levofloxacin in the treatment of chronic bronchitis could effectively improve the fever,dyspnea,cough,and other symptoms of patients.Wei Gao treated the control group with amphotericin alone and the observation group with amphotericin combined with levofloxacin[18].The experimental results showed that the overall response rate of the observation group was 95.2%,which was higher than that of the control group(77.2%),indicating that the combination of amphotericin and levofloxacin could significantly improve the clinical therapeutic effect of an acute attack of chronic bronchitis.

The action characteristics of acupuncture are different from those of drugs acting directly on pathogens.Their action effects can be directly produced by acupuncture stimulation and play an overall regulatory role through the participation of inherent regulatory systems in the body[24].Acupuncture mainly has the effects of promoting meridians,regulating qi and blood,and Ying Wei,which is suitable for a wide range of diseases and has an analgesic effect[25].Kai Zheng et al.treated the control group with conventional western medicine and the experimental group with acupuncture at Jiaji point on the basis of conventional treatment for chronic bronchitis[26].The experimental results showed that the total effective rate of the experimental group was 92%,significantly higher than that of the control group(76%),indicating that conventional western medicine treatment combined with acupuncture at Jiaji point has a better effect on improving the pulmonary function of patients and is worthy of clinical application and promotion.Xiao-Bo Yang used acupuncture combined with herbal moxibustion therapy to treat chronic bronchitis,and the experimental results showed that the effective rate was 94.1%;Zhi-Rong Yuan also used acupuncture combined with herbal moxibustion therapy,and the effective rate was 88.64% in the experimental results[27,28].

Treatment of traditional Chinese medicine

External treatment

This therapy uses different ways to apply moxibustion at the umbilicus and has the dual effects of acupoints and moxibustion.In this therapy,acupoint localization is simple and accurate,with few toxic side effects and significant clinical application effects[19].Qing-Wei Zhou used umbilical moxibustion therapy to treat chronic bronchitis[20].Moxibustion site:Shenque point.The experimental results showed that the effective rate of the treatment group with umbilical moxibustion therapy was 88.2%,which was higher than that of the control group(69.2%),and after treatment,the pulmonary function of the treatment group was also improved.It shows that umbilical moxibustion therapy can treat chronic bronchitis and significantly improve the lung’s ventilation function,reduce the number of disease attacks,and facilitate disease remission and stability.

A certain acupoint on the auricle has a special relative specific connection with a certain part of the body and viscera,so it is crowned with the corresponding auricular point name.Stimulation of extrinsic auricular points can regulate the function of viscera associated with it,so as to achieve the purpose of treating diseases[21].Xiao-Ying Zeng used conventional western medicine treatment and nursing in the control group and auricular point pressing bean and moxibustion treatment in the experimental group on the basis of conventional western medical treatment and nursing[22].The experimental results showed that the overall response rate of the experimental group was 99.33%,significantly higher than that of the control group(53.33%).Auricular point pressing bean combined with moxibustion in the treatment of chronic bronchitis,the clinical effect is significant.Qing-Hua Chen used auricular point pressing to treat chronic bronchitis,acupoints:lung,spleen,kidney,trachea,bronchus,endocrine,anti-asthmatic,allergic points,and large intestine[23].The experimental results showed that the effective rate of the treatment group with auricular acupressure was 98.3%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(66.7%).This shows that auricular acupressure dredges meridians,makes qi and blood run unobstructed,makes the body achieve balance,improves the body’s immune function,and effectively prevents and reduces acute attacks of chronic bronchitis

Let us see what is in the other casket, before we get into a bad humor, saidthe Emperor. So the nightingale came forth5 and sang so delightfully7 that atfirst no one could say anything ill-humored of her.

She stretched her finger toward another object on the mantle. I allowed her to touch everything in sight, plants, glass objects, TV, VCR, lamps, speakers, candles and artificial flowers. If she started to grab, I gently reminded her to use one finger. She always obeyed. But, Hannah, an only child, possessed6 a more adventur ous personality. Her father predicted it would prevent her from accepting the one finger rule.

So the littlest knight grabbed the beehive, throwing it at the dragon s head. Immediately a thousand bees flew out with a thousand stingers. With their tiny swords they stung the dragon again and again. The dragon s eyes began to swell22 and he could hardly see. With a bellow23 of pain and anger he leaped into the air and flew off to his cave in the mountains.

Lei Cheng et al.treated the control group with simple acupoint application and treated the control group with Neigong massage manipulation[29].The experimental results showed that the degree of cough,expectoration,wheezing,and wheezing was improved in the control and treatment groups.Still,the effect of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group.It shows that Neigong massage can effectively treat chronic bronchitis diseases.Fen-Qiao Pan et al.treated the control group with conventional western medicine and treated chronic bronchitis with acupressure based on conventional western medicine[30].The experimental results showed that the total effective rate of the treatment group(91.4%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(74.1%),indicating that acupressure can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients without adverse reactions,which is worthy of clinical application.

Cupping is an external treatment method that takes the tank as a tool,uses combustion,suction,steam,and other ways to cause negative pressure in the tank,and adsorbs the tank to certain parts of the acupoints or body surface to produce benign stimuli and achieve the purpose of adjusting body function and preventing and treating diseases[31].Yue-Yue Hou et al.gave all three groups of experiments to conventional western medicine treatment,based on which the three groups were treated with cupping,Qingke Pingchuan Granules and their combination[32].The experimental results showed that all three groups had significant clinical improvement effects,especially the combination of the two,indicating that cupping combined with Qingke Pingchuan Granule has a better clinical effect in the treatment of chronic bronchitis.

Internal treatment

Traditional Chinese Medicine theory divides chronic bronchitis into three types.The first is the phlegm-heat internal congestion type.It is mainly characterized by boredom in the chest,cough and wheezing,yellow viscous phlegm,slippery pulse,yellow and greasy red tongue fur,and dry face and bitter taste.Yan-Feng Dong treated Maxingganshi Decoction,a traditional Chinese medicine formula,based on conventional western medical treatment[33].The experimental results showed that the effective rate was 91.7%,higher than 76.6% in the conventional western medicine group.The clinical therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine on chronic bronchitis with phlegm-heat carbuncle was obvious,and the pulmonary function could be improved.The second is exterior cold and interior heat syndrome.The experimental results of Yuan Dai showed that the total effective rate of the Maqin Zhike Syrup treatment group was 95.00%;the total effective rate of the compound Manshanhong Syrup control group was 90.16%,and the efficacy of the Sanqing method in the treatment of exterior cold and interior heat syndrome in an acute attack of chronic bronchitis was equivalent to that of compound Manshanhong syrup[34].It shows that Maqin Zhike Syrup with Xuansan Qinghua method can be used to treat chronic bronchitis of chronic exterior cold and internal heat type in clinical practice.The third is the lung-kidney yang deficiency type.Feng Pan et al.additionally took Jinkui Shenqi Pills based on conventional treatment[35].The experimental results showed that 68 cases were clinically cured,and 25 cases were significantly effective in the Jinkui Shenqi Pills group;51 cases were clinically cured,and 18 cases were significantly effective in the conventional group.The clinical therapeutic effect of the Jinkui Shenqi Pills group is obvious,and Jinkui Shenqi Pills can achieve the purpose of protecting the kidney,liver,and spleen and thus nourishing the lung and protecting the lung.

Li-Jie Liu et al.treated chronic bronchitis with modified Lingguizhugan decoction based on western medicine treatment[36].Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Poria cocos have the function of enhancing immunity;Guizhi has antibacterial antiviral and expectorant and antitussive effects;Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz has antibacterial effects;and Glycyrrhiza uralensis has antitussive effects[37].The experimental results showed that the effective rate was 90.0% in the treatment group treated with traditional Chinese medicine and 76.7% in the control group treated with western medicine only.Therefore,modified Lingguizhugan decoction has an excellent clinical effect in the treatment of chronic bronchitis diseases.Zhi-Yong Wei used Suzi Jiangqi Pills to treat chronic bronchitis[38].The results showed that the total effective rate of the treatment group was 93.3%,which was higher than that of the control group(80.0%).Showed that Suzi Jiangqi Pills can effectively relieve cough,expectoration,asthma,and other diseases in patients and have sound clinical efficacy.

Conclusion

Modern medical treatment of chronic bronchitis,usually given conventional western medicine treatment,mainly anti-infection,asthma,phlegm,and other treatments,can only treat symptoms;the condition is easy to relapse.Traditional Chinese Medicine focuses on the overall concept and treats both the symptoms and the root causes.Traditional Chinese Medicine fundamentally regulates the viscera with problems in the human body for a long time,improving the immune function of the human body,thereby reducing the onset of chronic bronchitis or being recovered.Therefore,the combination of Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of chronic bronchitis,combining the advantages of the two treatment methods,synergizing with each other,can achieve significant results in clinical treatment.

1.Yang SH.Analysis of therapeutic effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine combined with atomization inhalation on 65 cases of senile chronic bronchitis.

.2013;22(8):131.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1007-8517.2013.08.105

2.Ma B.Clinical diagnosis and treatment of chronic bronchitis.

.2016;14(9):148–149.https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/zgyyzn201609124

3.Lu DR.Comprehensive treatment of senile chronic bronchitis.

.2011;9(11):288–289.https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/qywy-xsb201111305

4.Dang XF.Progress of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for chronic bronchitis.

.2021;36(9):27–29.https://doi.org/10.16286/j.1003-5052.2021.09.010

5.Cheng Y,Qiu ZX,Li WM.Progress in pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis.

.2017;32(4):606–611.https://doi.org/10.7507/1002-0179.201510180

6.Kim V,Criner GJ.Chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

.2013;187(3):228–237.https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201210-1843CI

7.Orihara K,Matsuda A.Pathophysiological roles of microvascular alterations in pulmonary inflammatory diseases:possible implications of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and CXC chemokines.

.2008;3(4):619–627.https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s3981

8.Yang YY.Chronic bronchitis treated with traditional Chinese medicine.

(

).2006;27(5):51–54.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1008-0392.2006.05.016

9.Ma HS.Discussion on TCM etiology of chronic bronchitis.

.2003;13(3):26–27.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-0126.2003.03.018

10.Zhou L.New progress in clinical application of atomization inhalation therapy.

.2010;5(2):147–149.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959-C.2010.02.002

11.Sun D,Yang S,Wu X,Yang F.Clinical effect of ambroxol hydrochloride inhalation therapy on elderly chronic bronchitis patients.

.2015;(2):86–88.https://doi.org/10.13699/j.cnki.1001-6821.2015.02.002

12.Cai XC,Lin XJ.Observation on the therapeutic effect of ambroxol hydrochloride injection by atomization inhalation on acute attack of chronic bronchitis in 50 cases.

.2014;(5):148–148,149.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1009-4393.2014.05.108

13.Yin XM.Budesonide combined with compound isopropyl bromide in the treatment of asthmatic chronic bronchitis.

.2008;(10):102.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-9463.2008.10.050

14.Lu GY.Evaluation of clinical efficacy of aerosol inhalation of Budesonide in the treatment of chronic bronchitis.

.2020;24(2):281,296.https://doi.org/10.19435/j.1672-1721.2020.02.094

15.Li XC.Efficacy analysis of Tanreqing injection combined with cephalosporin in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic bronchitis.

.2021;15(23):157–159.https://doi.org/10.14164/j.cnki.cn11-5581/r.2021.23.058

16.Ma LL,Cui HD,Zhang WL.Efficacy of bromhexine combined with moxifloxacin in the treatment of chronic bronchitis.

.2021;41(3):101–102.https://doi.org/10.19528/j.issn.1003-3548.2021.03.044

17.Zhou Y.Application and evaluation of azithromycin and levofloxacin in the treatment of chronic bronchitis.

.2021;19(25):15–17.https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/QKBJBD20212021092 500007728

18.Gao W.Clinical study of Quinamycin combined with levofloxacin in the treatment of acute attack of chronic bronchitis.

.2012;7(23):168–169.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-7555.2012.23.122.

19.Lv QC,Wu T,Li CL,Liu L.Current situation and theoretical research progress about umbilical moxibustion therapy.

.2015;17(5):154–156.https://doi.org/10.13194/j.issn.1673-842x.2015.05.052

20.Zhou QW.Effect of umbilical moxibustion on pulmonary function in 85 patients with prolonged chronic bronchitis.

.2011;24(6):69–70.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-6910.2011.06.035

21.Dong Q.Discussion on the action characteristics of auricular point therapy in treating verruca plana.

.2008;27(5):44–46.https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/shzjzz200805027

22.Zeng XY.Auricular pressure combined with moxa stick moxibustion in the treatment of bronchial asthma for 30 cases.

.2018;16(4):133–134.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-2779.2018.04.053

23.Chen QH.Clinical study on auricular point pressing to prevent acute attack of chronic bronchitis.

.2010;17(10):12–13.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2010.10.006.

24.Chen JZ,Guo Y.Probe into characteristics of puncturing actions based on acupuncture analgesia.

.2010;30(4):326–327.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1003-5699.2010.04.027

25.Di Z,Lin XM.Characteristics of acupuncture and moxibustion and advantages of combined application.

.2013;54(21):1880–1882.https://doi.org/10.13288/j.11-2166/r.2013.21.020

26.Zheng K,Dong BQ,Wang FY,Song J,Li RJ,Zhang M.50 Cases of chronic bronchitis treated with needling the clip ridge cave.

.2016;43(3):601–603.https://doi.org/10.13192/j.issn.1000-1719.2016.03.055

27.Yang XB.Acupuncture cooperating medicinal vesiculation therapy for chronic bronchitis:a clinical observation of 169 cases.

.2006;23(3):52–54.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1003-8450.2006.03.025

28.Yuan ZR.150 cases of chronic bronchitis treated by acupuncture combined with herbal moxibustion.

.2008;28(2):63.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1003-5028.2008.02.042

29.Cheng L,Zhou N,Sheng F,Wang SN.Observation on therapeutic effect of Neigong Massage combined with acupoint application on prolonged chronic bronchitis.

.2018;27(5):538–541.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1008-8849.2018.05.025

30.Pan FQ,Li ZL,Hou XZ.Observation on therapeutic effect of acupressure on 58 cases of prolonged chronic bronchitis.

.2010;32(5):725–726.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-2619.2010.05.050

31.Hong SH,Wu F,Lu X,Cai Q,Guo Y.Study on the mechanisms of cupping therapy.

.2011;(10):932–934.https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/zgzj201110024

32.Hou YY,Geng LM,Yu XY,Zhang YY,Zhang YM,Yan HQ.Clinical observation on Qingke Pingchuan Granule combined with cupping therapy in treating acute attack of chronic bronchitis.

.2020;15(9):1730–1733,1738.https://doi.org/10.13935/j.cnki.sjzx.200936

33.Dong YF.Observation on the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese and western medicine on chronic bronchitis of phlegm-heat internal carbuncle type.

.2014;(15):2014–2015.https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/yxllysj201415031

34.Dai Y.Clinical study of Xuansan Qinghua method in the treatment of exterior,cold and interior heat syndrome in acute attack of chronic bronchitis.

.2003.https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CMFD&db name=CMFD9904&filename=2003102969.nh&uniplatform=N ZKPT&v=IU7SMFN8f6rub7ItbZ5wmmV-ZH_reFDOFawMk_OO00 eCyvmdidAWKoKGSfFPxLkY

35.Pan F,Cao F,Liu HY.Clinical study of Jinkui Shenqi Pills in the treatment of chronic bronchitis.

.2013;34(12):123–124.https://t.cnki.net/kcms/detail?v=BDt4bbEqi3j2rFyne3ssXcTHgk 6a1iVC8axyFkTHSuAO1r8MPH7imymmTskyE6_BfvnzX3QUOKt1 S4aML-kFPSI0jhv_0s1wGPOV78xaJXZr7cgiMEHwlg==&uniplatf orm=NZKPT

36.Wang JM.Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press;1985 ISBN:9787532304998

37.Liu LJ,Jia CG,He CS,Ren SL.Clinical study on modified Lingguizhugan Decoction in treating prolonged chronic bronchitis.

.2015;21(1):75,96.https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/zgzyjcyx201501031

38.Wei ZY.Analysis of 30 cases of senile chronic bronchitis treated with Suzi Jiangqi Pills.

.2013;20(29):121–122.https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-4721.2013.29.061