川渝聯(lián)手！打造內(nèi)陸改革開放新高地

楊駿

1月4日，2022年第一個工作日。上午10時許，一個運(yùn)載著硫化堿、硫化鉀等貨物的車隊，駛?cè)胫貞c團(tuán)結(jié)村中心站，開始卸貨裝箱。

這些貨物來自四川南風(fēng)化工有限責(zé)任公司（以下簡稱“南風(fēng)化工”）。從2021年起，該公司每天都會通過公路將貨物從四川省眉山市運(yùn)到重慶，再由西部陸海新通道轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)至東南亞。

一家四川企業(yè)，為何要選擇在重慶發(fā)運(yùn)貨物？

加速融入西部陸海新通道建設(shè)

南風(fēng)化工經(jīng)營元明粉、硫化堿、硫化鉀、芒硝礦等化工產(chǎn)品，年出貨量30萬噸左右。因為緊挨岷江，此前主要通過江海聯(lián)運(yùn)把貨物出口到東南亞。

但新冠肺炎疫情讓這條運(yùn)輸線路“扯拐”了。南風(fēng)化工相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人表示，特別是2021年，上海港口擁堵，貨物運(yùn)輸時間較長，給企業(yè)帶來較大壓力。

尋找新的貨運(yùn)線路時，南風(fēng)化工瞄準(zhǔn)了西部陸海新通道。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果走西部陸海新通道鐵海聯(lián)運(yùn)班列，根本不用擔(dān)心長江擁堵、枯水、洪峰等問題，穩(wěn)定性能夠得到保證。

像南風(fēng)化工這樣通過西部陸海新通道出口的四川企業(yè)還有很多。位于南充的四川嘉福紡織有限公司就是一家，2021年該公司就已經(jīng)通過西部陸海新通道鐵海聯(lián)運(yùn)班列運(yùn)輸了上千個集裝箱的貨物。

四川嘉福紡織有限公司主要生產(chǎn)麻布等織物，主要出口東南亞國家。該企業(yè)相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人介紹，2021年，海運(yùn)艙位緊缺，貨物滯留港口時間較長，客戶投訴不斷。再三權(quán)衡后，他們選擇了西部陸海新通道鐵海聯(lián)運(yùn)班列。以前，他們的貨物從重慶至上海江運(yùn)需要11天，而現(xiàn)在從重慶至欽州港，只需要2天左右。目前，這家公司已經(jīng)通過西部陸海新通道開啟常態(tài)化運(yùn)輸。

“在成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈建設(shè)的推動下，不少四川企業(yè)把目光投向西部陸海新通道?！敝貞c市政府口岸物流辦主任巴川江介紹，2021年，重慶通過西部陸海新通道運(yùn)輸貨物11萬標(biāo)箱，貨值183億元，其中有四成貨物來自四川。

另一方面，西部陸海新通道已經(jīng)形成了“13+1”（西部所有省區(qū)市、海南省、廣東省湛江市）共建機(jī)制。在成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈建設(shè)的推動下，四川一些市州也主動加入到西部陸海新通道的建設(shè)中來。

2021年12月，重慶四川黨政聯(lián)席會議第四次會議上，四川省口岸物流辦主任吳舸表示，四川將加速融入西部陸海新通道建設(shè)。巴川江表示，重慶和四川正在積極磋商，將積極推動四川加入到西部陸海新通道跨區(qū)域合作平臺中來。

2021年中歐班列（成渝）開行數(shù)量位居全國第一

如果說川渝共建西部陸海新通道是互惠共贏，那兩地在中歐班列上的合作，則是強(qiáng)強(qiáng)攜手。

川渝共建的中歐班列品牌，綜合競爭力一直位居全國前列。2021年前，兩地累計開行中歐班列14000列，占全國開行總量40%以上。

2021年1月1日，同一時間、不同地點(diǎn)，重慶與成都開出兩趟中歐班列，它們共同使用了“中歐班列（成渝）”這一稱謂，全國首個兩地合作開行的中歐班列品牌由此誕生。

在全國眾多中歐班列還在“各自為政”時，重慶和成都選擇了攜手并行，并制定了“三步走”的藍(lán)圖。

第一步是共同以中歐班列（成渝）為品牌，在宣傳、打造、推廣方面形成合力，將其打造成為全國中歐班列第一品牌，提高其國際影響力。

第二步，是探索高效的運(yùn)行機(jī)制，如建立統(tǒng)一的價格聯(lián)盟，通過共商共議開展線路、場站、口岸、集裝箱等資源共享，創(chuàng)新開展行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)等。

第三步，是圍繞“通道帶物流、物流帶經(jīng)貿(mào)、經(jīng)貿(mào)帶產(chǎn)業(yè)”的理念，在中歐班列全面合作的基礎(chǔ)上，深化多個通道的合作，擴(kuò)大川渝兩地國際物流大通道影響力和品牌力，促進(jìn)兩地通道與物流、貿(mào)易、產(chǎn)業(yè)的融合發(fā)展。

數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2021年，中歐班列（成渝）開行數(shù)量超過4800列，位居全國第一。

鐵路運(yùn)輸上的合作如火如荼，水運(yùn)方面的合作也沒落下。“在成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈建設(shè)的框架下，果園港和宜賓港的合作也在不斷深入?！敝貞c兩江新區(qū)相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人介紹，目前，宜賓港已經(jīng)有90%的貨物選擇在果園港進(jìn)行中轉(zhuǎn)。

不只宜賓，截至目前，果園港已開通至四川瀘州、廣元等6條水水中轉(zhuǎn)航線，實現(xiàn)了長江上游干線的航線全覆蓋。2021年9月，果園港還與成都經(jīng)開區(qū)簽訂協(xié)議，將共同建設(shè)成都無水港。屆時，從成都經(jīng)開區(qū)經(jīng)果園港公水聯(lián)運(yùn)至上海的集裝箱，貨運(yùn)時間可節(jié)約8天，貨物周轉(zhuǎn)率提升40%，為企業(yè)降低物流成本10%以上。

事實上，成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈建設(shè)啟動以來，川渝兩地在多個開放領(lǐng)域都在積極合作。

作為兩地開放平臺和開放門戶，重慶兩江新區(qū)和四川天府新區(qū)通過“云連線”、面對面座談、調(diào)研考察等方式，積極推進(jìn)合作。在兩大新區(qū)第三次聯(lián)席會議上，雙方確立了重點(diǎn)推動汽車、電子、創(chuàng)新、會展、金融、數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)、總部經(jīng)濟(jì)、生物醫(yī)藥8大產(chǎn)業(yè)旗艦聯(lián)盟建設(shè)，助力成渝地區(qū)構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)體系。

自貿(mào)試驗區(qū)合作方面，2021年4月，川渝兩地自貿(mào)區(qū)法院共同簽署了《川渝自貿(mào)區(qū)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)司法保護(hù)合作備忘錄》，聯(lián)合發(fā)布了《知識產(chǎn)權(quán)糾紛行為保全申請指引（試行）》《知識產(chǎn)權(quán)糾紛行為保全審查指引（試行）》以及《川渝自貿(mào)區(qū)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)司法保護(hù)典型案例》。目前兩地自貿(mào)區(qū)法院已經(jīng)建立起了跨域立案、遠(yuǎn)程庭審、異地執(zhí)行、遠(yuǎn)程線上調(diào)解等多項合作機(jī)制。

六個方面進(jìn)一步深化川渝合作

2021年10月，中共中央、國務(wù)院印發(fā)《成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈建設(shè)規(guī)劃綱要》（以下簡稱“《規(guī)劃綱要》”），從加快構(gòu)建對外開放大通道、高水平推進(jìn)開放平臺建設(shè)等6個方面對川渝兩地聯(lián)手打造內(nèi)陸改革開放高地，提出了新的要求。

中央有部署，川渝有行動。2021年12月，川渝兩地聯(lián)合印發(fā)了《重慶四川兩省市貫徹落實〈成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈建設(shè)規(guī)劃綱要〉聯(lián)合實施方案》（以下簡稱“《實施方案》”），對《規(guī)劃綱要》從6個方面進(jìn)行了細(xì)化，并提出了具體舉措。

比如在開放大通道上，川渝兩地明確，要加密開行四川、重慶至北部灣出?？诘奈鞑筷懞Ｐ峦ǖ黎F海聯(lián)運(yùn)班列，開拓中歐班列（成渝）中、東通道，開通往返主要港口的“水上穿梭巴士”和鐵水聯(lián)運(yùn)班列等。

在開放平臺上，川渝兩地提出，要建設(shè)川渝自貿(mào)試驗區(qū)協(xié)同開放示范區(qū)，以重慶兩江新區(qū)、四川天府新區(qū)為重點(diǎn)，優(yōu)先布局國家重大戰(zhàn)略項目、試點(diǎn)示范項目，創(chuàng)建內(nèi)陸開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)試驗區(qū)，打造內(nèi)陸開放門戶等。

在營造國際一流營商環(huán)境方面，川渝兩地提出要實行“市場準(zhǔn)入異地同標(biāo)”受理辦理，推動政務(wù)服務(wù)一體化平臺互聯(lián)互通互認(rèn)，推行“天府通辦”“渝快辦”，實現(xiàn)“一網(wǎng)通辦”。

事實上，在聯(lián)手打造內(nèi)陸開放高地的諸多領(lǐng)域，川渝已經(jīng)展開合作，并取得豐碩成果。其中，川渝自貿(mào)試驗區(qū)協(xié)同開放示范區(qū)已經(jīng)實現(xiàn)了“六個協(xié)同”。重慶市商務(wù)委相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人稱，圍繞目標(biāo)、領(lǐng)域、政策、產(chǎn)業(yè)、機(jī)制和時序6個方面，兩地協(xié)同已經(jīng)取得了很多成效。以領(lǐng)域協(xié)同為例，雙方聯(lián)合簽署金融合作備忘錄，并開展外匯管理改革創(chuàng)新、外匯監(jiān)管互認(rèn)。

公共服務(wù)領(lǐng)域的合作，兩年以來，兩江新區(qū)與天府新區(qū)的政務(wù)大廳已互設(shè)“川渝通辦”窗口，全面上線“川渝通辦”事項，打通兩地企業(yè)登記注冊系統(tǒng)。

展會方面，2021年5月，在重慶舉行的第三屆西洽會上，四川在重大項目集中簽約儀式上簽約兩個項目，協(xié)議投資額110.2億元;同年9月，重慶組織代表團(tuán)參與在四川成都舉行的第十八屆西博會，并在經(jīng)濟(jì)合作項目簽約儀式上簽約3個重點(diǎn)項目，金額110億元。

January 4 is the first working day of 2022. Around 10 a.m.， a fleet of trucks arrived at Tuanjiecun Railway Station and unloaded the freight， including alkali sulfate and potassium sulfate.

The freight owner is Sichuan Nanfeng Chemical Co.， Ltd. （hereinafter referred to as “Nanfeng Chemical”）. Since 2021， the company has kept a daily routine of transporting goods from Sichuan’s Meishan to Chongqing and forwarding them to Southeast Asia via the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor （ILSTC） in western China.

What is the story behind the shipping in Chongqing by a Sichuan-based company？

Rapid engagement in the ILSTC construction

Nanfeng Chemical mainly produces chemicals， such as anhydrous sodium sulfate， alkali sulfate， potassium sulfate， and mirabilite， with an annual shipment of about 300，000 tons. Closing to the Minjiang River， the company was used to exporting goods to Southeast Asia through a combined river-sea transport.

However， the transport route failed due to the COVID-19 outbreak. According to a relevant person in Charge， especially in 2021， the congestion in Shanghai port and overlong transportation time brought great pressure to Nanfeng Chemical.

As a result， the company turned its eyes to the ILSTC in western China. The company found that the rail-sea combined transport via the ILSTC can keep the freight from obstacles such as the congested Yangtze River， low water， and flood peak， ensuring stable transportation.

In addition to Nanfeng Chemical， many enterprises from Sichuan selected the ILSTC as the export route. Take Sichuan Jiafu Textile Co.， Ltd. as an example. In 2021， the Nanchong-based company had shipped more than a thousand containers by rail-sea transport train on the ILSTC.

The company specializes in the production of fabrics represented by gunny cloth and their export to Southeast Asian Countries. A person in charge said due to the shortage of shipping containers in 2021， the freight was detained in the port for an overlong time， resulting in continuous complaints from the clients. The company considered enough to choose the rail-sea freight trains on the ILSTC. Early on， it took 11 days to ship the freight from Chongqing to Shanghai by river transport. Now， the transportation time is reduced to only two days from Chongqing to Qinzhou Port. The company resumes normal transportation through the ILSTC.

“Promoted by the development of Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle， many enterprises from Sichuan pay their attention to the ILSTC.” Ba Chuanjiang， Director of Chongqing Port and Logistics Office， said. In 2021， Chongqing transported 110，000 TEUs through the ILSTC， with a value of 18.3 billion yuan， of which 40% of the goods were from Sichuan.

Moreover， a “13+1” （All western provincial-level regions， Hainan， and Zhanjiang） joint development mechanism of the ILSTC has been established. Under the policy of building the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle， some cities and autonomous prefectures in Sichuan also took the initiative to construct the ILSTC.

In December 2021， the fourth session of the Chongqing-Sichuan Party and Government Joint Meeting was held. Wu Ge， Director of Sichuan Port and Logistics Office， introduced Sichuan’s plan for rapid engagement in the ILSTC construction. According to Ba Chuanjiang， Chongqing and Sichuan are in a negotiation to promote Sichuan’s participation in the cross-regional cooperation platform for ILSTC.

China-Europe freight trains from Chengdu， Chongqing see China’s most trips in 2021

Sichuan and Chongqing obtain a win-win by jointly developing the ILSTC. Furthermore， their collaboration in China-Europe Railway Express is a cooperation between giants.

The business of China-Europe Railway Express in Sichuan and Chongqing has always ranked first in China. As of 2021， 14，000 China-Europe freight trains had departed from Chongqing and Sichuan， accounting for more than 40% of the total departures of China-Europe freight trains in China.

On January 1， 2021， two China-European freight trains departed from Chongqing and Chengdu at the same time. The two cities jointly used the title of “China-European Railway Express （Chengdu-Chongqing）”， which is the first brand of China-European Railway Express operated by two regions in China.

While other cities operate their China-Europe freight trains independently， Chongqing and Chengdu have chosen to work together and have developed a “three-step” blueprint.

The first step is for both sides to jointly use the China-Europe Railway Express （Chengdu&Chongqing） as the brand and form a joint effort in publicity， development， and promotion to make it the first brand of China-Europe Railway Express in China and improve its international influence.

The second step is to explore efficient operation mechanisms， such as establishing a unified price alliance， carrying out resource sharing of routes， yards， ports， and containers through common discussion， and innovating industry standardization.

The third step is to focus on the concept of “channel-driven logistics， logistics-driven business and business-driven industries”. By deepening the cooperation of multiple channels based on the comprehensive cooperation of China-Europe Railway Express， Sichuan and Chongqing expand the influence and brand power of their international logistics corridors， and promote the integrated development of channels and logistics， trade， and industries.

Data show that in 2021， the number of China-Europe Railway Express （Chengdu&Chongqing） exceeds 4，800， ranking first in the country.

In addition to the cooperation in railway transportation， Sichuan and Chongqing also work together in water transportation. “Within the framework of building Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle， Guoyuan Port and Yibin Port also deepen their cooperation，” said a person in charge of Liangjiang New Area， adding that 90% of goods from Yibin Port had chosen Guoyuan Port as the transit port.

Apart from the route to Yibin， Guoyuan Port has opened six water transit routes to cities in Sichuan， such as Luzhou and Guangyuan， achieving full coverage of the routes on the upper Yangtze River trunk line. In September 2021， Guoyuan Port also signed an agreement with Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone to jointly build the Chengdu Land Port. After completion， Chengdu Land Port can transport containers from Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone to Shanghai by road-water combined transport through Guoyuan Port. The freight time will be shortened by 8 days， the freight turnover rate will be increased by 40%， and the logistics cost of enterprises will be reduced by more than 10%.

In fact， since the start of building the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle， Sichuan and Chongqing have been actively cooperating in a number of open areas.

As the opening-up platform and gateway of Chongqing and Sichuan， Chongqing Liangjiang New Area and Sichuan Tianfu New Area actively promote cooperation through video conference， face-to-face talks， research visits， etc. At the third joint meeting of the two new areas， the two sides have established a focus on promoting the joint construction of eight flagship industries， including automotive， electronics， innovation， exhibition， finance， digital economy， headquarters economy， and biomedicine， to help build a modern industrial system in Chengdu and Chongqing.

Pilot Free Trade Zones （FTZs） in Sichuan and Chongqing also deepened cooperation. In April 2021， the courts of both FTZs jointly signed the Memorandum of Cooperation on Judicial Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in the Sichuan and Chongqing FTZs， and jointly issued the Guidelines on Application for Conduct Protection in Intellectual Property Disputes （for Trial Implementation）， the Guidelines on Review of Conduct Protection in Intellectual Property Disputes （for Trial Implementation）， and the Typical Cases on Judicial Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in the Sichuan and Chongqing FTZs. At present， the courts in the two FTZs have established a number of cooperative working mechanisms such as cross-region case docketing， remote court hearing， remote enforcement， and remote online mediation.

Deepening Sichuan-Chongqing cooperation in six aspects

In October 2021， the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Outline of the Construction Plan for the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle （hereinafter referred to as the Outline）， which put forward new requirements for Sichuan and Chongqing to jointly build a center of inland reform and opening up from six aspects， such as accelerating the construction of corridors for opening up to the outside world and promoting the construction of an open platform at a high level.

Sichuan and Chongqing followed the deployment and implemented specific measures. In December 2021， Sichuan and Chongqing jointly issued the Joint Implementation Plan of Chongqing and Sichuan to Implement the Outline of the Plan for the Construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle （hereinafter referred to as the Implementation Plan）， which refined the Outline in six aspects and proposed specific initiatives.

In terms of the opening-up of corridors， the two regions determined to increase the departures of rail-sea freight trains on the ILSTC connecting Sichuan， Chongqing， and Beibu Gulf ports. In addition， more transportation means， such as the central and eastern channels of China-Europe Railway Express （Chengdu-Chongqing）， the water shuttles between major ports， and rail-sea freight trains will be developed.

As for the open platform construction， the two regions proposed to build a collaborative opening-up demonstration zone of Sichuan and Chongqing FTZs. Chongqing and Sichuan will focus on Liangjiang New Area and Tianfu New Area， and create a pilot inland open economy zone and an inland open gateway by prioritizing the layout of major national strategic projects and pilot demonstration projects.

To create an international first-class business environment， Sichuan and Chongqing proposed to implement the same market access policy and promote the interconnection and mutual recognition of government service integration platforms. Moreover， the two regions will launch one-stop government services tools to ensure access to all government services through a single portal.

In fact， Sichuan and Chongqing have already cooperated in many areas to build an inland open center， and have achieved fruitful results. Of them， the collaborative opening-up demonstration zone of Sichuan and Chongqing FTZs has achieved “six collaborations”. The relevant person in charge of the Chongqing Municipal Commission of Commerce said that around the six aspects of objectives， areas， policies， industries， mechanisms， and timing， the collaboration between the two regions has achieved a lot of results. Taking the coordination in areas as an example， the two regions signed a memorandum of financial cooperation and carried out foreign exchange management reform innovation and mutual recognition of foreign exchange regulation.

The two regions enhanced the cooperation in the public services. Over the past two years， the government halls of Liangjiang New Area and Tianfu New Area have set up one-stop service windows to offer all Sichuan-Chongqing government services， and connected the enterprise registration system in both regions.

The two regions deepened cooperation in exhibitions. In May 2021， Chongqing held the 3rd Western China International Fair for Investment and Trade. Sichuan signed two projects with an agreed investment amount of 11.02 billion yuan at the signing ceremony of major projects. In September 2021， Chongqing organized a delegation to participate in the 18th Western China International Fair held in Chengdu， and signed three key projects with an amount of 11 billion yuan at the signing ceremony of economic cooperation projects.

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2021年10月，中共中央、國務(wù)院印發(fā)《成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈建設(shè)規(guī)劃綱要》，明確成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈是繼京津冀、長三角、粵港澳大灣區(qū)之后，中國又一重要的區(qū)域發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略?！毒V要》提出推動成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈建設(shè)的9項重點(diǎn)任務(wù)，其中包括兩地聯(lián)手打造內(nèi)陸改革開放高地。

從地理上看，成渝地區(qū)雙城經(jīng)濟(jì)圈位于“一帶一路”和長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶交匯處，是西部陸海新通道的起點(diǎn)，具有連接西南西北、溝通東亞與東南亞、南亞的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢，在國家發(fā)展大局中具有獨(dú)特而重要的戰(zhàn)略地位。

數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2021年川渝外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口總值均創(chuàng)歷史新高，其中重慶市達(dá)到8000.6億元，同比增長22.8%;四川省達(dá)9513.6億元，同比增長17.6%。

In October 2021， the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Outline of the Construction Plan for the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle （hereinafter referred to as the Outline）， specifying that Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle is another important regional development strategy in China after Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei， Yangtze River Delta， Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. The Outline puts forward nine key tasks to promote the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle， including the joint efforts of Chengdu and Chongqing to build an inland reform and opening up center.

The Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle is located at the intersection of the Belt and Road and Yangtze River Economic Belt， and is the starting point of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor in western China， which has the unique advantages of connecting southwest China and northwest China， and linking East Asia with Southeast Asia and South Asia. Therefore， it has a unique and important strategic position in the overall development of the country.

Data show that in 2021， the total value of foreign trade imports and exports of Sichuan and Chongqing reached a record high， of which Chongqing reached 800.06 billion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 22.8%; Sichuan Province reached 951.36 billion yuan， a year-on-year increase of 17.6%.