Module 2 Developing and Developed Countries

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

In a faraway area in northern Mexico， there lives a native Indian group called the Tarahumaras. Besides owning some cooking tools and farming equipment， the Tarahumaras exist （生存） much as they did before the Spanish arrived in the 1600s. They live in caves or in small houses made of stone and wood， and they eat what little they can grow on the dry land.

Ten years ago， linguist （語言學(xué)家） James Copeland entered the world of the Tarahumaras to study their language and culture. Since then， he has been visiting the Tarahumaras three or four times a year. Tarahumara is not a written language， so part of Copeland’s project was to learn to speak Tarahumara so that he could deal directly with the people. “There are no language police，” Copeland says. “Children are seldom corrected by their parents. They learn by observation of speech in conversations and by imitation. ”

Copeland learned the language through his frequent exposure （暴露） to it and by analyzing the grammar. Drawing on his research， Copeland plans to produce a Tarahumara grammar book in English and perhaps one in Spanish.

The idea to study the Tarahumaras came to Copeland in 1984 when he discovered that very little research had been done on their language. He got in touch with a Tarahumara Indian called Lornezo Gonzalez. At first， Gonzalez was very reluctant to help him. He told Copeland that no amount of money could buy his language. But after Copeland explained to him what he intended to do with his research and how it would benefit the Tarahumaras， Gonzalez agreed to help and took Copeland to his village. “Over a period of a year our relationship became closer and warmer， ” says Copeland. “Thanks to him， the Tarahumaras started trusting us and understood what we were doing.”

1. What can we learn about the Tarahumaras？

A. They have a strict education system. B. They live a very simple and hard life.

C. They arrived in Mexico with the Spanish. D. They are good at architecture and farming.

2. What does Copeland think of learning Tarahumara？

A. It is a hard task. B. It is a waste of time.

C. It is very interesting. D. It is helpful for learning Spanish.

3. Before learning Tarahumara， Copeland had _____ .

A. fully researched it B. read a grammar book of it

C. visited the Tarahumaras three times D. asked a Tarahumara Indian for help

4. What does the underlined word “reluctant” in the last paragraph probably mean？

A. Ready. B. Anxious. C. Pleased. D. Unwilling.

閱讀七選五

When walking in a street， you are likely to hear passers-by speaking Chinese aloud. After entering a store， it’s possible that you’ll see Huawei smartphones for sale. It isn’t referring to a city in China， but Manchester， UK. In fact， you might see similar things in many other cities around the world.

Chinese dishes have been enjoyed in Western countries for a long time. But to satisfy local people’s tastes， Chinese restaurants have made some necessary changes to the dishes. “One example is the meat，” said Yin Hang， who is studying at the University of Wollongong in Australia. “ Therefore， Chinese restaurants serve big pieces of meat without bones， even for fish.”

In many cities in Europe， stores sell TCL televisions， Haier fridges and Lenovo computers， reported Reuters. More than half of US-owned drones （無人機） are Chinese models， according to China Daily. They’re designed and made in China.

In the past， most people in the West thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable. “Made in China” has become cool and more people trust Chinese brands. “For example， Huawei， one of China’s major smartphone makers， overtook Apple in global smartphone sales for the first time in June and July in 2019，” noted consulting firm Counterpoint Research.

A. But things have changed greatly.

B. But people here don’t like to eat meat with bones.

C. Indeed， Chinese products have been going abroad.

D. National brands are enjoying great success in China.

E. Turning to the right， you may see a Chinese restaurant.

F. What is the biggest problem with many Chinese brands？

G. Many Chinese brands are also becoming more and more popular.

1. _________ 2. _________??3. _________? 4. _________? 5. _________

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

完形填空

Whenever we hear about “the homeless”， most of us think of the Developing World. But the?is that homelessness is everywhere. For example， how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a?country like Germany？

Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making??for the homeless of Berlin， Germany’s capital. They firstone long hot summer when most Germans were?on holiday. Kurt and his wife stayed at home， made sandwiches， set up a table in the street and gave?to the homeless.

The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing weren’t?. “What these people also need is warmth and，” says Rita. The Mullers decided to give their?number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Rita made sure there was somebody at home to??the phone and their home was alwaysto anyone who couldn’t face another night on the street.

The??were soon spending all their time and money， so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to?donations. Today， over thirty companies??donate food and other goods to the cause （事業(yè)） and volunteers help to?them to the homeless. The public also give clothes and money and a shoedonates new shoes.

Kurt and Rita receive no??for their hard work. “We feel like parents，” says Rita， “and parents shouldn’t??money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary （薪水）.” Though Rita admits she often gets， she says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a??in the world.

1. A. result B. truth C. reason D. idea

2. A. traditional B. developing C. typical D. wealthy

3. A. preparations B. houses C. meals D. suggestions

4. A. began B. met C. thought D. left

5. A. asleep B. alone C. busy D. away

6. A. money B. food C. advice D. water

7. A. enough B. necessary C. helpful D. expensive

8. A. fame B. freedom C. courage D. caring

9. A. phone B. room C. street D. card

10. A. hold B. ring C. answer D. use

11. A. open B. clean C. quiet D. close

12. A. public B. crowd C. homeless D. couple

13. A. take back B. ask for C. find out D. give out

14. A. formally B. occasionally C. frequently D. actually

15. A. donate B. sell C. send D. lend

16. A. producer B. buyer C. worker D. editor

17. A. permission B. payment C. instruction D. support

18. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. expect

19. A. surprised B. excited C. tired D. amused

20. A. decision B. difference C. point D. rule

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

A

Metro （地鐵） Pocket Guide

Metrorail

Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.

Farecard machines are in every station. Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change.

Get one day of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9：30 am until closing on weekdays， and all day on weekends and holidays.

Hours of service

Open： 5 am Mon.—Fri. 7 am Sat.—Sun.

Close： midnight Sun.—Thurs. 3 am Fri.—Sat.

Last train times vary. To avoid missing the last train， please check the last train times posted in stations.

Metrobus

When paying with exact change， the fare is $1.35. When paying with a SmarTrip card， the fare is $1.25.

Fares for senior/disabled customers

Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus， use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards， SmarTrip cards and passes， please call 2026377000 and 2026378000.

Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 2029621100.

Travel tips

· Avoid riding during weekday rush periods—before 9：30 am and between 4 and 6 pm.

· If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station， please call Lost & Found at 2029621195.

1. What do we know about farecard machines？

A. They start selling tickets at 9：30 am. B. They are connected to change machines.

C. They offer special service to the elderly. D. They make change for no more than $5.

2. When does Metrorail stop service on Saturday？

A. At midnight. B. At 3 am. C. At 5 am. D. At 6 am.

3. What is the advantage of a SmarTrip card？

A. It is convenient for old people. B. It saves money for its users.

C. It can be bought at any time. D. It is sold on the Internet.

4. What should you call if you lose something on the Metro？

A. 2029621195. B. 2029621100. C. 2026377000. D. 2026378000.

B

In agricultural times， Midsummer celebrations in Sweden were held to welcome summertime and the season of harvest. In some areas， people dressed up as “green men”， in ferns. They also decorated （裝飾） their houses and farm tools with plants， and raised tall maypoles （五朔節(jié)花柱） to dance around， probably as early as the 1500s. In general， Midsummer was a particular time for young people， but it was also celebrated in the industrial communities of central Sweden. However， it was not until the 1900s that this became the most Swedish of all traditional celebrations.

At Midsummer， many people begin their five-week holiday. Midsummer Eve is celebrated in the countryside and on the day before， everyone leaves town， everything is closed and the city streets are suddenly deserted. The country’s main roads， on the other hand， are packed. Queues of cars spread over the distance， and at the end of the road， family and friends wait among trees in full.

Frankly， Midsummer is a time for large gatherings. Many Swedes take advantage of Midsummer to fulfil their social duties so that they can enjoy the rest of their holiday in peace. In many cases， the whole family and friends gather to celebrate this traditional high point of the summer.

Swedes like the world to be well-ordered， so Midsummer Eve is always on a Friday between 19 and 25 June. People often begin the day by picking flowers and making wreaths （花環(huán)） to place on the maypole， which is a key part in the celebrations.

A typical Midsummer menu includes different kinds of fish， boiled new potatoes and soured cream. That is often followed by a grilled dish of some kind， and for dessert， it is the first strawberries of summer， with cream. After dinner， many people still want to go out dancing， just like in the old days.

5. What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about？

A. Some interesting traditions in Sweden.

B. The history of the Swedish Midsummer.

C. The reasons for Swedes’ celebrating the Midsummer.

D. Some popular activities among Swedish young people.

6. What would probably be the most crowded places during the Midsummer？

A. The towns. B. The city streets.

C. The rocky hills. D. The country’s main roads.

7. What does the underlined word “fulfil” in Paragraph 3 mean？

A. Reduce. B. Change. C. Put off. D. Carry out.

8. What can we infer from the text about the Swedish Midsummer？

A. It’s a must to decorate the maypole with wreaths.

B. The Eve usually falls on June 20th every year.

C. Hot food is never offered during the festival.

D. Joining dance parties is less popular now.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

完形填空

On my way back home， I was stopped at a traffic light by some people who asked for help. A woman to give way to an ambulance （救護車）， but drove her car over stony obstacles （障礙） that the bike line from the street. Unluckily， she had her car trapped （困?。?as a . She couldn’t move the in any direction. Some people tried to lift the car back but the obstacles were too and high. Seeing that they couldn’t do much about it， they could only and the woman alone in the car tried to call for .

While watching the other people leave and finding she needed some service， I that the woman would be on her own and felt helpless. And at that time， I imagined how I would be if I were in that situation. So， I asked her what I could do for her. She appreciated my . She made a call and was that it would take about 45 minutes for someone to arrive.

I tried to comfort the woman who seemed to feel about causing trouble for others. But it wasn’t too much trouble since they could still . We laughed and joked that all we was some tea for our chat.

Finally， came and someone helped her back on the street. She thanked me andmy phone number so she could return the ， but I told her it was OK. She seemed to feel when we said our goodbyes. I believed not having to face a difficult alone mattered much for her.

1. A. refused B. regretted C. tried D. preferred

2. A. protected B. separated C. kept D. differed

3. A. result B. rule C. start D. prize

4. A. bike B. line C. stone D. car

5. A. heavy B. many C. far D. smart

6. A. watch B. stay C. stand D. leave

7. A. service B. advice C. survey D. change

8. A. argued B. realized C. decided D. doubted

9. A. fortunate B. surprised C. painful D. amused

10. A. suggestions B. attention C. thanks D. humor

11. A. warned B. told C. ordered D. questioned

12. A. happy B. curious C. confused D. worried

13. A. unluckily B. sadly C. actually D. sincerely

14. A. talk B. run C. pass D. try

15. A. needed B. thought C. saw D. chose

16. A. disappointment B. sickness C. fear D. help

17. A. cut out B. turned in C. asked for D. looked at

18. A. kindness B. truth C. money D. call

19. A. tired B. relaxed C. bored D. brave

20. A. task B. challenge C. program D. situation

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

閱讀理解

The Silk Road is arguably the most famous long-distance trade route of the ancient world. This passage connected Europe in the West with China in the East， and allowed the exchange of goods， technology， and ideas between the two civilizations. Although traders could make huge profits （利潤） traveling the road， it was not without risk.

The main Silk Road started in Chang’an （known today as Xi’an）， the early Han Dynasty’s capital. Travelers starting their journey from this city could take a northern route that would take them across China’s northwestern provinces. After this， they would face the Gobi Desert， arguably the greatest danger of the Silk Road.

The Gobi Desert， a large desert region in Asia， consists mainly of rocky， hard earth. This feature made it easier for traders to travel across， compared to sandy deserts like the neighboring Taklamakan Desert. Like other deserts， the Gobi Desert is dry and hot， and therefore the biggest challenge travelers faced was getting enough water for themselves as well as for their camels.

So， rest stops were created along the route， allowing travelers to rest， eat and drink. These places also promoted （促進） the exchange of goods， and even ideas， among the travelers who stopped there. Usually， the rest stops were placed within a day’s journey of each other. In this way， travelers could avoid spending too much time in the desert， which would make them targets （目標） for stealers， another danger of the Silk Road.

Once through the Gobi Desert， travelers would continue their journey into Iran， Turkey， and finally Europe. While this part of the journey may have been less dangerous， it is not entirely without its perils.

1. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to？

A. Making huge profits. B. Traveling the Silk Road.

C. Exchanging goods and ideas. D. Connecting different civilizations.

2. Why was the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other deserts？

A. Its surface was hard. B. Camels were easier to find.

C. It was smaller. D. There were more natural water sources.

3. What can we learn about the rest stops along the Silk Road？

A. There were many criminals around. B. Travelers were offered free stay there.

C. They were at the edge of the desert. D. They received travelers from different countries.

4. What does the author stress talking about the Silk Road？

A. Its origin. B. Its benefits done to people.

C. Risks its travelers faced in the past. D. Cultural exchanges on it.

選詞填空

用方框里單詞的正確形式填空，使其句意完整。有兩個詞是多余的。

1. The national employment ____________ are published every month.

2. In winter the place ____________ with skiers.

3. The area is heavily dependent on ____________ ， which has developed rapidly recently.

4. Three hundred people in this country died of ___________?last year.

5. The___________water made many people sick.

6. With the___________ of our country’s economy， we are living a better life.

7. It’s a matter of setting your own ___________ and following them.

8. It is ___________ that the weather is so bad that we can’t go hiking.

9. We ___________ the room and found it was 20 feet long and 15 feet wide.

10. The cost of ___________ children in the United States has risen greatly.

語法填空

Most new people were born in developing countries. These countries （find） in much of Africa， South America and some parts of Asia. In the developed countries of Europe and North America， the population is growing very （slow）. This is women in these countries have， on average， only one or two children. In the developing countries， many women have five more children. In 1950， around one quarter of the world’s population （live） in the developed countries. By 2050， these countries will be home to only around one tenth of the world’s people.

In the developing countries， more than one billion people are still living below the poverty line. These people do not have enough food （eat） and they live in poor housing. Children get little time at school and people suffer from many （kind） of diseases.

At the （begin） of the 21st century， the world’s population was around six billion. The UN has said that the world’s population will level off （平穩(wěn)） at 12.5 billion by year 2100. Other groups think the world’s population will continue to grow， 10 （reach） 14 billion before it becomes stable （穩(wěn)定的）， or even falls.

1. _____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ___________ 10. ___________

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（六）

短文改錯

Measured more than 6，000 kilometers in length， the Great Wall is known as the long wall in the world. That is amazing about the Great Wall is that it is main made of stones and bricks， and all the construction was done by hand. Because it was used to protecting the country from foreign enemies， every few hundred meters along with the Great Wall， there was a watchtower. Now， as symbol of China， the Great Wall had become one of the most famous tourist attractions in the world. There is no wonder that the Great Wall attracts hundreds of thousands of foreign tourist every year.

書面表達

假定你是李華，Mike是你的留學(xué)生朋友。你看到一則關(guān)于中美兩國文化差異講座的海報，決定給他寫一封郵件，建議他去聽這個講座。內(nèi)容包括：

1.寫信的原因;

2.海報的有關(guān)內(nèi)容;

3.說明為什么建議他去。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右;

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

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