如何寫好議論文

朱君

典題感知

近日，你們班就“學(xué)校每天清晨開展冬季跑操活動”進(jìn)行了一次討論。請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，給學(xué)校英文報(bào)寫一篇短文，并談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?/p>

支持（多數(shù)）：增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)，磨煉意志，放松自我……

反對（少數(shù)）：天氣寒冷，學(xué)業(yè)繁重……

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)80左右（開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）;

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Recently our class had a heated discussion about the Winter Morning Jogging Activity in our school.

【佳作賞析1】

[Recently our class had a heated discussion about the Winter Morning Jogging Activity in our school. There are different views on this topic.

The majority of students① support the proposal for participating in this activity. They believe that the activity can not only build up their body but also train their will②. In addition， it can reduce the pressure from study. However， the minority are against it③. They think the activity is lacking in excitement. Whats worse④， they would rather stay indoors to study continuously because of the heavy homework and cold weather⑤.

In my opinion， I am in favor of this activity because it benefits us greatly⑥. We need to be strong and brave in learning at the same time. 亮點(diǎn)評析

①The majority與下文的the minority為對應(yīng)性表達(dá)，精準(zhǔn)到位。

②not only...but also...的使用較好地詮釋了這項(xiàng)活動的益處。

③介詞短語against it作表語的運(yùn)用，簡潔明了地表達(dá)了反對者的態(tài)度。

④短語Whats worse，起到了承上啟下的作用。

⑤用介詞短語because of the heavy homework and cold weather 解釋 would rather stay indoors的原因，準(zhǔn)確到位。

⑥because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，表達(dá)自然。

【佳句仿寫1】

①在會上，每個(gè)人都有不同的觀點(diǎn)。

②我們鼓勵學(xué)生全面參與創(chuàng)建文明校園。

③鍛煉可以增強(qiáng)你的體力。

④我完全支持同工同酬。

【佳作賞析2】

[Recently our class had a heated discussion about the Winter Morning Jogging Activity in our school. But different people have different points of view.

Most of students agree to this activity①. They believe that the activity can help them keep fit and strengthen the will. Besides， through the activity they can ease their pressure. However， others dont agree to it. They think the activity is too boring②. Moreover， the weather in winter is too cold， and they prefer to stay in the class?room to finish their heavy homework③.

As for me， I completely adopt the proposal. For one thing， it can benefit us greatly. For another thing④， it can help us to overcome any difficulties. 亮點(diǎn)評析

①agree to意為“同意”，使用恰當(dāng)。

②賓語從句使用得當(dāng)。

③prefer to為高階表達(dá)。

④For one thing...For another thing的表達(dá)，歸納總結(jié)到位。

【佳句仿寫2】

①她每天慢跑以保持健康。

②這些活動的目的是增強(qiáng)你的體質(zhì)。

③音樂事實(shí)上能幫助我們舒緩現(xiàn)實(shí)中遇到的壓力。

④一方面，我堅(jiān)信閱讀能增長我們的知識。另一方面，當(dāng)我們感到沮喪時(shí)，閱讀幫助我們平靜下來。

寫作指導(dǎo)

1. 命題分析

本篇寫作素材要求學(xué)生根據(jù)所提供的文字提示，就“學(xué)校每天清晨開展冬季跑操活動”寫一篇觀點(diǎn)對比型的議論文。通過審題，我們可以確定時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，人稱應(yīng)使用第一、第三人稱。此類文章一般分為三段：第一段提出問題（引論），第二段為不同觀點(diǎn)的對比（本論），第三段說明自己的觀點(diǎn)（結(jié)論）。

2. 寫作導(dǎo)圖

[議論文寫作] [引論] [本論] [結(jié)論] [班級討論冬季清晨跑操][支持者的觀點(diǎn)及理由][反對者的觀點(diǎn)及理由][發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)] [發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)]

經(jīng)典模板

模板1：觀點(diǎn)對比型

（1）要求論述兩個(gè)對立的觀點(diǎn)，并給出自己的看法

Recently， we have had a discussion about? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（主題）. There are two opposite opinions about it. Those who favour the idea think/Some students hold their view for the reason that/Some students agree to the point that? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（支持的理由一）. What is more，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（理由二）. Moreover，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（理由三）.

On the other hand， the majority of people believe that.../Those who are against the idea think that.../Others prefer to do... Firstly，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（反對的理由一）. Secondly/Besides，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（理由二）. Thirdly/Finally，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（理由三）.

Personally，/From my point of view，/I think? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（我的觀點(diǎn)）. The reason is that? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（原因）. As a matter of fact， there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me， the former/later is surely a wise choice.

（2）給出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，要求學(xué)生反駁這一觀點(diǎn)

Some people believe that? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（觀點(diǎn)）. For example， they think? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（舉例說明）. And it will bring them? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（為他們帶來的好處/壞處）.

In my opinion， its disadvantages are far more than its advantages/I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（反對的理由一）. For another thing，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（反對的理由二）.

From all what I have said， I agree to the thought that? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（我對文章所討論觀點(diǎn)的看法）.

模板2：闡述主題型

The good saying? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（名言或諺語） reminds us that? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（釋義）. Indeed， we can learn many things from it.

First of all，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（理由一）. For example，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（舉例說明）. Secondly，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（理由二）. Another case is that? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（舉例說明）. Furthermore，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（理由三）.

In my opinion，? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（我的觀點(diǎn)）. In short， whatever you do， please remember the saying? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（名言或諺語）. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work， youll necessarily benefit a lot from it.

提分靚句

1. 正反觀點(diǎn)類

People had a discussion about...

人們展開了一場關(guān)于……的討論。

Different people have different opinions.

仁者見仁，智者見智。

Some people agree with/are in favour （favor） of/are for/approve of/support the opinion （decision， idea， view...）.

有些人同意這種觀點(diǎn)（決定、主意、看法……）。

However/On the contrary， others are opposed to it/are against it/disagree with it/hold the opposite opinion.

然而，其他人不同意這種觀點(diǎn)（持相反的觀點(diǎn)）。

As far as I am concerned/As for me， we should...

我個(gè)人認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)該……

2. 利弊影響類

In fact， there are both advantages and disadvantages.

事實(shí)上，利弊共存。

Generally speaking， its advantages are as follows. First... Besides...

一般來說，它有如下優(yōu)點(diǎn)。第一……，除此之外，……

However， as the old saying goes， every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent/obvious.

然而，正如一句古老的諺語所說，任何事物都有其兩面性。消極的因素也很明顯。

One of the disadvantages is that...

缺點(diǎn)之一就是……

To make matters worse/Whats worse/Even worse/Worse still...

更糟糕的是……

Through the above analysis， I believe that the positive aspects outweigh the negative ones.

通過以上的分析，我認(rèn)為積極的方面大于消極的方面。

3. 數(shù)據(jù)類

I have recently made a survey among... about/on...

最近，我在……中間做了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于……的調(diào)查。

The results are as follows.

結(jié)果如下。

As the chart above shows， ...

如上表所示，……

We can see from the graph that...

通過這個(gè)圖表，我們可以看到……

As is shown in the chart， the production is higher/lower/rising/falling...

正如圖表所示，產(chǎn)量更高/更低/增加/減少了……

As is described in the chart...

正如圖表描述的……

There are many reasons for this.

關(guān)于這，有很多原因。

In my opinion/From my point of view/As far as I am concerned， we should realize the importance of...

我認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)該意識到……的重要性。

It would be greatly appreciated if our government and social organizations could offer...

如果我們的政府和社會組織可以提供……，我們將會非常感激。

小試身手

最近，你所在的地方正計(jì)劃實(shí)施快速公交系統(tǒng)和橋梁建設(shè)，你班同學(xué)就此展開了激烈的討論。請你根據(jù)同學(xué)們不同的觀點(diǎn)，給你校英文報(bào)寫一篇短文，并發(fā)表你自己的看法。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)80左右;

2. 開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯：快速公交系統(tǒng) BRT? ?高架橋 overpass

Recently the local government has decided to broaden some narrow roads to build BRT， which has caused a heated discussion in my class.

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