文化誤解

廣東 彭明芳

Exploring different parts of the world can be exciting, but it can also be confusing because of different cultures. When I travelled to different countries of the world, miscommunications always happened, which is very common during foreign travel.

Even over something as simple as “yes” and “no”, it is totally different from culture to culture. On my first day in Micronesia, a country in the Pacific, I thought people weren't paying any attention to me. The day was hot, so I went into a store and asked,“Do you have cold drinks?” The woman there didn't say anything. I felt so confused that I repeated the question. Still, the woman said nothing, which made me so embarrassed and feel at sea. Later, I learned that the woman had answered me. She had raised her eyebrows (眉毛), which in Micronesia means “yes”.

Besides not understanding body languages, there are also misunderstandings in customs. When I travelled in America, one day, an American boy said to me, “You speak very good English.” So I answered, “No, no. My English is very poor.” The foreigner was quite surprised at my answer, thinking he had not made himself understood or I had not heard him clearly. So he said, “Yes, indeed, you speak very well.” But I still kept saying“No”. In the end, the American boy could not understand and didn't know what to say.Actually, the problem is that I didn't accept a compliment in the same way as the American people do. I should answer “Thank you” instead of “No”. I really understood what the American boy had said, but I thought I should be modest. While in the West, people will feel proud and confident when they are praised.

I enjoy experiencing small waves of miscommunications, which reminds me that I am exploring different parts of the world, and I appreciate what I'm taking in. I not only open my arms to embrace all the different cultures, but also learn a lot about culture shock. As a result, I can communicate with foreigners more easily.

In conclusion, it is essential to understand and respect the cultures of different countries, which is really important for us to exchange and integrate with each other.

Activity A Reading for understanding

Ⅰ. Text-centered chunks

pay attention to 關(guān)注

at sea 茫然；不知所措

accept a compliment 接受贊美

take in 理解；領(lǐng)會(huì)

culture shock 文化沖擊

integrate with 與……結(jié)合；融入……

Ⅱ. Text-centered sentences

一、非謂語(yǔ)

Exploring different parts of the world can be exciting, but it can also be confusing because of different cultures. 探索世界不同的地方是令人興奮的，但各地文化的不同也會(huì)令人困惑。

【點(diǎn)石成金】Exploring different parts of the world意為“探索世界不同的地方”，是V-ing作主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)。

【運(yùn)用遷移】對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，要學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)，朗讀是非常重要的。

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二、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

I enjoy experiencing small waves of miscommunications, which reminds me that I am exploring different parts of the world, and I appreciate what I'm taking in. 我喜歡經(jīng)歷這些小小的交流誤解，這種經(jīng)歷提醒我，我正在探索世界不同的地方，同時(shí)我也感激我所領(lǐng)會(huì)的一切。

【點(diǎn)石成金】which reminds me that I am exploring different parts of the world是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，解釋作者喜歡經(jīng)歷小小的交流誤解的原因。

【運(yùn)用遷移】一個(gè)五歲的男孩可以說(shuō)兩門(mén)語(yǔ)言，這讓在場(chǎng)的人都非常驚訝。

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Activity B Reading for writing

去年你參加了美國(guó)交流生項(xiàng)目，請(qǐng)你以“Cultural misunderstanding”為題向?qū)W校英語(yǔ)報(bào)社寫(xiě)一篇短文，內(nèi)容包括：

1. 求學(xué)期間遇到的一次文化誤解；

2. 對(duì)你的影響。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)80左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3. 至少使用一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)或非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；

4. 注意段落內(nèi)的邏輯關(guān)系。

Cultural misunderstanding

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寫(xiě)作導(dǎo)引

本次的寫(xiě)作任務(wù)是寫(xiě)一篇介紹學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷的記敘文，要求學(xué)生介紹其在美國(guó)留學(xué)時(shí)感受到的文化差異，并談?wù)勛约旱母邢?，并且至少使用一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)或非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。這些寫(xiě)作要求和所給語(yǔ)篇的主題語(yǔ)境是緊密相關(guān)的。我們可以通過(guò)分析并整合同主題閱讀材料的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言，梳理寫(xiě)作思路和積累素材。

一、語(yǔ)篇解碼

（一）內(nèi)容分析

What is the text mainly about?

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（二）宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)

Fill in the blanks according to the text.

二、素材積累

本次的寫(xiě)作任務(wù)是基于同一主題的文章閱讀下的寫(xiě)作，我們可以通過(guò)模仿并運(yùn)用文章中的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)，如詞塊和句型，積累寫(xiě)作的語(yǔ)言素材。

（一）社會(huì)與人際關(guān)系的核心表達(dá)

1. embrace different cultures 擁抱不同的文化

2. respect the local customs 尊重當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)俗

3. have a better understanding of 更好地了解……

4. know the history of 了解……的歷史

5. adapt to one's new life 適應(yīng)某人的新生活

6. fit in 融入；適應(yīng)

7. increase one's knowledge about 增加某人對(duì)……的了解

8. exchange ideas 交換觀點(diǎn)

9. have trouble/difficulty in doing sth 做某事有困難

10. take part in more activities 參加更多的活動(dòng)

11. clubs and associations 俱樂(lè)部和社團(tuán)

12. rich and colorful 豐富多彩

（二）社會(huì)與人際關(guān)系的核心句型

1. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” 正如俗話所說(shuō)：“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。 ”

2. When getting along with your British friends, you should mind your own manners and remain modest and honest. 與你的英國(guó)朋友相處時(shí)，你要注意禮貌，要謙虛、誠(chéng)實(shí)。

3. I'm delighted to hear that you will come to our school as an exchange student next term. 聽(tīng)說(shuō)你下學(xué)期將作為交換生來(lái)我們學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)，我非常高興。

4. I've been longing to explore different parts of the world, mainly for two reasons.One is that I can experience different cultures. The other is that I can increase my knowledge and broaden my horizons. 我一直盼望去探索世界各地， 這主要有兩個(gè)原因：一是我能夠體驗(yàn)不同的文化；二是我能夠增長(zhǎng)知識(shí)，拓寬視野。

5. To tell you the truth, I am faced with some challenges. I don't have a good command of English, especially spoken English, so I'm afraid I'll have difficulty fitting in very soon. 說(shuō)實(shí)話，我面臨著一些挑戰(zhàn)。 我英語(yǔ)掌握得不夠好，尤其是英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)，因此我擔(dān)心我難以很快適應(yīng)。

6. It is essential to understand and respect the cultures of different countries, which is really important for us to exchange and integrate with each other. 理解和尊重不同國(guó)家的文化是非常必要的，這對(duì)我們彼此的交流和融合非常重要。

三、寫(xiě)作支架

本次的寫(xiě)作任務(wù)是介紹在美國(guó)留學(xué)期間經(jīng)歷的一次文化誤解。 根據(jù)任務(wù)要求，語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)可定為“總體感受+一次文化誤解的經(jīng)歷+影響和意義”。 文章的框架如下：

Learning in a different country can be exciting, but it can also be confusing because of different cultures. When I studied in America...

When... which made me feel confused, as/because... Later, I knew that it means...During my stay in America, I experienced and learned a lot...which was significant...

四、語(yǔ)篇過(guò)手

根據(jù)以上提供的主題、主題表達(dá)和語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)，寫(xiě)出一篇介紹在美國(guó)留學(xué)時(shí)經(jīng)歷文化誤解的記敘文。 第一段寫(xiě)總體感受，第二段寫(xiě)經(jīng)歷的文化誤解，第三段寫(xiě)影響和意義。 總詞數(shù)控制在80左右。

同時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)運(yùn)用前文中出現(xiàn)的非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)或非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。注意表達(dá)的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系和使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞。