篇首語

吳春花 《建筑技藝》（AT）執(zhí)行主編

自2019年起，雜志三次以?？问较到y(tǒng)報道了科技部重點研發(fā)計劃就綠色建筑發(fā)展的全面研究與實踐成果，既是一種呈現(xiàn)，也是一種傳播。為了更好地挖掘、展現(xiàn)國內(nèi)建筑學前沿科研成果，本期特別組織建筑學科研論文?？?，選登了25篇國家科研基金項目論文，大體分為建筑與城市、建筑文化、建筑技術(shù)、設(shè)計研究四大版塊，體現(xiàn)了當前建筑學科研究熱點與前沿課題。

“建筑與城市”方向共有3篇論文，既有站城融合視角下不同鐵路客站綜合開發(fā)布局模式特點和適用性的宏觀分析，也有從城市、政府運營角度的城市綜合體以空間組織模式來拓展全民健身服務的中觀分析，還有城市交通立體化發(fā)展趨勢下高架橋區(qū)域空間步行體驗測度評價的微觀分析?！敖ㄖ幕狈较蛑?，兩篇文章分別從鄉(xiāng)村傳統(tǒng)建筑藏彝走廊地區(qū)氐羌民族住屋主室“中柱 -火塘”的空間原型衍化與浙東地區(qū)既有鄉(xiāng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)建筑的功能、空間再利用進行研究。“建筑技術(shù)”方向共有6篇論文，涉及不同于VR、AR的混合現(xiàn)實技術(shù)（MR）在建筑設(shè)計各個階段的應用潛力和優(yōu)勢分析。關(guān)于碳中和建筑設(shè)計的技術(shù)研發(fā)較多，包括以中國國際太陽能十項全能競賽“Solar Ark3.0”與“R-Cells”為例的建筑全生命周期減碳控碳策略與成本分析，以及基于低功耗傳感器和物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的低成本、高效率、長時段的鄉(xiāng)土建筑環(huán)境實測方案研究，還有對南京棲霞寺舍利塔的石塔構(gòu)件化測繪技術(shù)研究等?！霸O(shè)計研究”方向共有14篇論文，一方面聚焦空間設(shè)計方法本身，如現(xiàn)代軌道交通綜合體的共享候乘空間、居住空間、健康校園空間、地鐵疏散空間等；另一方面聚焦空間設(shè)計上的綠色生態(tài)優(yōu)化，如山地環(huán)境民居熱環(huán)境、夏熱冬冷地區(qū)校園綠色建筑的氣候適應性、寒冷地區(qū)公共建筑自然通風性能、寒冷地區(qū)既有建筑節(jié)能改造等。

可以看出，眾多研究成果在體現(xiàn)作者嚴謹思考與創(chuàng)新探索的同時，也回應了當下城鄉(xiāng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的集約、開放、綠色、低碳的迫切要求，希望這些新技術(shù)、新成果能夠得到更廣泛的應用，惠及城鄉(xiāng)與人。

Since 2019,we have systematically reported the comprehensive research and practice results of the Ministry of Science and Technology on green building development three times in the form of a special issue.In order to better excavate and display the domestic architectural cutting-edge research achievements,this issue selected 25 papers,to divide into four sections: architecture and city,architectural culture,architectural technology and design research,which embody the current research hotspot and frontier subject of architecture.

In the direction of "Architecture and City",including the macro analysis of the characteristics and applicability of the comprehensive developemt layout of different railway stations from the perspective of Station-city Integration,and the meso-analysis of the mixed-use complex from the perspective of city and government operation to expand the national fitness service with the spatial organization mode.In the direction of "Architectural Culture",the two articles study the spatial prototype evolution of the traditional rural building "Center Pillar -Firepit",the house of the minority nationalities in the Tibetan-Yi corridor,and the function and spatial reuse of the existing rural industrial buildings in eastern Zhejiang.In the direction of "Architectural Technology",involving the application potential and advantage analysis of mixed reality technology (MR) different from VR and AR in various stages of architectural design.There is a lot of research on carbon neutral building design technology about whole-life cycle carbon reduction and control strategy and cost analysis of the building based on the "Solar Ark3.0" and "R-Cells" of the China International Solar Decathlon Competition,as well as the study of low-cost,high-efficiency and long-term vernacular architecture environment measurement scheme based on low-power sensor and IoT technology.There are 14 papers in the direction of "design research".On the one hand,they focus on the space design method itself,such as the shared waiting space of modern rail transit complex,living space,healthy campus space and subway evacuation space.On the other hand,they focus on the green ecological optimization of space design,such as thermal environment of residential buildings in mountainous areas,climate adaptability of campus green buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas,natural ventilation performance of public buildings in cold areas,energy saving transformation of existing buildings in cold areas.

It can be seen that many research results also respond to the urgent requirements of intensive,open,green and low-carbon sustainable development of urban and rural areas.We hope these new technologies and achievements can be applied more widely to benefit urban and rural areas and people.