Perfecting the Pig Industry Chain and Laying a Solid Foundation for the Development of Pig Industry

Mingquan LI

Nanchong City Committee Office of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, Nanchong 637000, China

Abstract Pig industry is the basic industry of China’ national economy. In order to maintain the healthy and stable development of China’s pig breeding industry, through in-depth investigation, observation and analysis, this paper points out that there are problems of insufficient and unbalanced development in the current development of China’s pig industry. In accordance with the reality of our country, this paper puts forward the remedial methods and measures to maintain the sustained, healthy and stable development of pig breeding. The first is to lay a solid foundation for the nodes of the industrial chain and coordinate the development of production, supply and marketing. The second is to improve the epidemic prevention network of live pigs to ensure the healthy development of the pig industry. The third is to draw a red line of environmental protection and adhere to the green development of the pig industry. The fourth is to improve the social service organization and promote the new development of the pig industry. These methods provide useful thinking for the further development of pig industry.

Key words Improvement, Pig industry, Foundation, Stability, Development

1 Introduction

A sound industrial system is the basis for the stable development of the industry. A perfect industrial system is like an endless river, with complete and unobstructed canal system and perfect hub, and the water in the river flows downstream, surging forward according to its law. For the healthy and stable development of the pig industry, there must be a complete industrial system, otherwise the pig industry will be affected by external factors, and the production development will lag and fluctuate at any time, thus affecting the effective supply of the market. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, the rural productive forces have been greatly liberated, the industrial structure has been continuously improved and upgraded, and the pig industry has also developed rapidly. A variety of new technologies of pig farming have been widely used, and the organizational form and mode of production have been continuously optimized and improved. The industrial system is improving day by day, the breeding quantity is becoming more and more stable, and the market supply and demand is basically balanced.

The healthy development of the pig industry has played an important fundamental role in ensuring market supply, maintaining the normal production and life order of the people, and made contribution to economic and social development. However, based on the analysis of the ups and downs and fluctuations in the development of the pig industry, for the current pig industry system in China, there are still some weak links and uneven development in some places and regions. First, the socialized service system of production links is underdeveloped, and the mode of production and the form of production organization need to be further improved and perfected. Second, the supply in production (including breed source, technology, disease prevention and control, diagnosis and treatment of livestock and poultry diseases, popularization of new breeding technology, environmental protection,

etc.

) is insufficient or missing. Third, the purchasing, processing, storage and transportation capacity of products is weak, most pig processing enterprises are small in scale and weak in processing capacity, there is a phenomenon of "many but scattered, small but complete", and the ability to assume social responsibility is weak. Fourth, the ability of the pig industry to resist market risks as a whole is not strong. Therefore, through investigation and analysis, this paper holds that in order to ensure the sustained, stable and healthy development of the pig industry, it is necessary to further improve the whole industry chain system of the pig industry and lay a solid industrial foundation.

2 Laying a solid foundation for the nodes of the industrial chain and the coordinated development of production, supply and marketing

The "production" in the traditional pig industry refers to the breeding link, including the whole process from sow breeding and hog breeding to being sold from the farm. The "supply" includes the supply and guarantee of piglets, veterinary drugs, feed and other substances and feeding techniques in the production process. The "marketing" refers to the acquisition, processing, storage and transportation of live pigs and the resolution of the risk of market fluctuations. In the development of the pig industry, only by the reasonable allocation of production, supply and marketing, the stable allocation of node elements and the coordinated development of the whole industry chain, will the pig industry develop stably and healthily. At present, in the development of pig industry, due to the rapid development and upgrading of agricultural industry, the large-scale and intensive development is much faster than scattered farming, breed improvement, piglet supply often pays more attention to the improvement and construction of large-scale farms. The breed improvement of large-scale pig farmers and the supply of piglets have been ignored, and there is a phenomenon that farmers have no pigs to raise in some places. Although governments at all levels use various policies to encourage farmers to raise pigs, many deep-seated problems in the industrial system are difficult to solve in the short term, so the recovery of the number of pigs is still slow, so a number of basic problems must be solved in production.

First, the state should increase the research on the protection and utilization of domestic local fine varieties, establish a domestic high-quality pig breed gene bank, and constantly provide domestic excellent varieties for pig breeding. It is necessary to strengthen the management of the introduction of breeding pigs from abroad, reduce the dependence of fine breeds on foreign countries, and firmly control the fine breeds of live pigs in our own hands, so as to ensure the safety of breeding pigs in the pig industry.

The second is to establish professional sow farms to improve the ability of large-scale farms to provide piglets to the society.

Third, in suitable breeding areas, we should vigorously develop professional cooperatives for sow farming in accordance with local conditions to ensure the needs of piglets of rural pig farmers.

Fourth, it is necessary to focus on the current pig improvement and artificial insemination stations (points) to ensure that sows can breed nearby in time and breed can be improved.

Fifth, we should give full play to the advantages of scattered rural farmers in self-breeding sows, make efforts in many aspects to improve the reproductive capacity of sows and the breeding efficiency of sows, make up for the deficiency of the breed source as soon as possible, and lay a solid foundation for the front end of the pig industry chain.

3 Improving the epidemic prevention network to ensure the healthy development of the pig industry

Improving the scientific epidemic prevention and control system is a very important basic task in the development of the pig industry and an important link in the industrial system, which is related to the healthy survival of pigs and the success and failure of pig breeding. At present, the reform of the veterinary system has basically come to an end, and the official veterinary system has been fully implemented, defining the position and important role of veterinarians in the development of animal husbandry and the storage and transportation of animal products, and solving the disadvantages of the past systems of "supporting doctors with diseases" and "supporting doctors with medicine". It has improved the status and role of veterinarians in livestock and poultry breeding, and provided an institutional guarantee for the prevention and control of animal diseases. However, according to the current investigation, it is found that there are still weak links in epidemic prevention and control in pig breeding. There are many official veterinarians, but few licensed veterinarians, and few veterinarians come into the village to serve the owners directly, and it is even difficult to find veterinarians who diagnose and treat diseases for livestock and poultry in some remote villages.

Therefore, in order to ensure the healthy and stable development of pig breeding industry, we must lay a good foundation for epidemic prevention of livestock and poultry diseases. Scientific research institutions should revise and improve the measures and methods for the prevention and control of animal diseases in China according to the new characteristics of the prevention and control of animal diseases. It is necessary to improve and formulate new norms for the prevention and control of major animal diseases and enhance the practicability and scientific nature of prevention and control measures. It is necessary to establish and improve the epidemic prevention network for animal diseases, give full play to the role of official veterinarians, and establish an efficient epidemic prevention network for livestock and poultry in counties, townships (towns), and villages. Townships (towns) and villages should be equipped with special veterinary epidemic prevention workers, and the village should be equipped with livestock and poultry epidemic prevention (special) personnel according to the region and area under its jurisdiction, and be responsible for the daily monitoring of livestock and poultry epidemic diseases and technical guidance for epidemic prevention. Professional organizations for livestock and poultry prevention and control can also be set up in the form of services purchased by the government to be responsible for the elimination of animal epidemic and the mass prevention and control of animal diseases, so as to improve the work of livestock and poultry epidemic prevention and ensure the need for use.

Governments at all levels should earnestly solve the funds for epidemic prevention at the village level and the wages of personnel. The funds for the prevention and control of major animal diseases at the village level should be included in the financial budgets at all levels to ensure the smooth development of the prevention and control of livestock and poultry diseases. It is necessary to develop and cultivate a team of high-quality licensed veterinary doctors and implement the relevant state policies on the development and training of licensed veterinary doctors. Graduates majoring in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine in colleges and universities should be encouraged to work at the grass-roots level, work as licensed veterinarians, and establish a team of licensed veterinarians active in rural areas as soon as possible, so as to solve the current problem that it is difficult for pig farming owners to find veterinarians.

4 Drawing the red line of environmental protection and adhering to the green development of pig industry

At the present stage, China’s economic development is in the stage of high-quality development, and the new economic concept of "Lucid Waters and Lush Mountains Are Invaluable Assets" is being fully implemented. Traditional pig farming is facing the challenge of environmental protection, and the pressure of environmental protection on pig industry is increasing. Therefore, in the actual work, we should not only actively and steadily develop the pig industry, but also protect the environment, so as to achieve the coordination between the development of pig industry and ecological environment protection.

In order to improve the environmental protection standards in pig farming and the environmental protection requirements for the construction of pig houses, all localities should, in accordance with the new requirements of economic development local conditions, scientifically delineate the red lines of the "three areas" for pig farming (areas suitable for pig development, areas where pigs are prohibited and restricted areas). It is necessary to timely correct the practice of dividing the "three areas" for pig farming that is unscientific and unrealistic, and the functional orientation of the scientifically delineated "three areas" for pig farming should remain relatively stable, so that breeding owners can rest assured and boldly develop, and their enthusiasm for the development of pig farming can be protected.

It is necessary to encourage various organizational forms of pig farming and promote various forms of pig farming that are conducive to environmental protection. Ultra-large-scale pig farms are most likely to cause environmental pollution. This kind of breeding not only involves a large investment, but also has a problem of concentration of fouling. Even if there is a better way of waste matter treatment, it is inevitable that there are dirt and waste matter in the final product. Once the waste matter is not handled properly, it will cause major environmental pollution incidents and even major public health incidents, so it should be developed cautiously.

At present, individual places are carrying out the construction of large-scale pig farms in order to restore the number of pigs in the short term, which is positive, but may bring "worries" to the protection of the ecological environment. Therefore, for the stable development of the pig industry, it is necessary to develop appropriate-scale family farms according to local conditions, and encourage the development of professional cooperatives and organizational forms of unit-based farming. In the economically underdeveloped areas, we should also actively support the development of pig farming, reduce the environmental pollution caused by pig farming from many levels, reduce the impact of ecological environmental protection on the pig breeding industry, and ensure the green, healthy and stable development of the pig farming industry.

5 Improving the socialized service organization to promote the innovation and development of pig industry

China’s economic system is a socialist market economic system with Chinese characteristics. When the laws of market economy are unable to solve problems or are ineffective, government intervention is used to solve many problems in economic and social development. It mainly plays the role of market allocation of resources in economic activities.

At present, the organizational form and production mode of pig farming in China have undergone profound changes, and they are developing in the direction of diversification of owners, marketization of services and contract-based marketing, which is no longer the era of blind farming. The development mode of live pigs includes not only free-range and family farms dominated by farmers and herdsmen, but also professional pig farms or professional cooperatives of pig farming of a certain scale, and large-scale pig farms established with industrial and commercial capital. All kinds of breeding owners have different requirements for technical services, marketing methods and the ways of ensuring technical services. Therefore, in the current development of the pig industry, only by renewing the concept, innovating the development mode, establishing and perfecting the socialized productive service organization, can we meet the needs of the current industrial development and maintain the healthy and stable development of the pig industry.

It is necessary to establish and improve socialized productive professional and technical service organizations that adapt to the development of the current pig industry. It is necessary to be an independent legal person, and carry out paid services independently. It is necessary to solve the specific problems in pig breeding, such as "difficult to seek breeding technology, difficult to seek veterinarian, difficult to seek artificial improvement and breeding" in the development of live pigs through socialized productive professional organizations. It is necessary to promote diversified breeding methods and encourage the exploration of new ways to maintain the stable and healthy development of live pigs. It is necessary to promote moderate scale operation in accordance with local conditions, and actively support new pig production organization methods such as "company + peasant household", "company + base" and pig professional cooperatives. It is necessary to encourage commercial capital to enter the pig industry, popularize the experience of Wens in developing the pig industry in various places, and vigorously promote new models such as "substitute breeding" in pig production. It is necessary to solve the worries of farmers in production and support farmers’ own investment in free-range farming and the construction of family farms. It is necessary to stimulate the enthusiasm of pig farming through a variety of ways to promote the stable and healthy development of the pig industry.

Efforts should be made to create a digital information platform for the pig industry, build an intelligent pig industry, and reduce the labor intensity of farmers. It is necessary to speed up the integrated development of various forms of the pig industry, lengthen the industrial chain of the pig industry, and form a big data analysis system and information dissemination network for the pig industry, so that farming owners can instantly understand the information of pig production and the supply and demand of products at home and abroad. It is necessary to vigorously promote contract farming, cultivate the contractual spirit of pig farmers, combine production and marketing, implement order production, solve the problems of "difficult to buy" and "difficult to sell" in pig breeding, play down the "pig cycle", and maintain the sustained, stable and healthy development of the pig industry.

Pig farming is the basic industry of China’ national economy, which is related to people’s livelihood and social harmony and peace. The production, supply and marketing of live pigs is a complete industrial chain, which has many closely linked nodes. In order to ensure the stable and healthy development of the pig industry and ensure the effective supply of the market, we must further improve the pig industry system and consolidate the foundation of each node. It is necessary to formulate industrial principles and policies according to the changing situation, bring the pig industry into the rural industrial revitalization plan, and consolidate the industrial foundation. It is necessary to improve its ability of automatic adjustment and the resilience of the industry to ensure the healthy and stable development of the pig industry, the safe and effective supply of the market, and the happiness and well-being of the people.