智能手機(jī)vs 傳統(tǒng)課堂

As we all know, it's beneficial to learn another foreign language. It opens doors, makes you more employable and helps you make new friends. And it's fun, too. However, to improve our linguistic skills, many of us have to endure(忍耐) hours of school lessons or evening classes, with our heads buried in textbooks. It's no wonder then that technology appears to be providing a better and more accessible way of learning.

There is certainly a huge demand for language learning, and having a smartphone means you can have a virtual teacher with you wherever you go. Many app developers are keen to cash in on the demand, and there are numerous learning apps available—including the free BBC Learning English app! One of many popular apps, Duolingo, offers 91 courses in 30 languages and has more than 300 million users.

Some educational apps offer languages not popular enough to be taught at evening classes,or at most universities. And others offer “invented” language courses in Esperanto, Elvish and Star Trek's Klingon—lessons you might not find in a traditional classroom. Whatever you want to learn, apps allow you to go at your own pace.But they're not perfect—you might not get your head round the grammar and will lack the peer support you could get in a classroom environment.

So, does technology spell the end of traditional classrooms and teachers? Guy Baron, head of modern languages at Aberystwyth University,thinks not. He told the BBC that apps should be used alongside classroom methods, not to exclude(排斥) traditional teaching. And he added, “The apps are very conversational (非正式的)...They're not designed for degrees, but they could be additional resources.”

Certainly, technology is going to help in and outside the classroom. But attending a real lesson and facing a real teacher, probably force you to be more committed.

Motivation can be a problem when you are using an app. But if you have a genuine and practical reason to learn another language, you will no doubt stick with it.

Activity A Reading for understanding

Ⅰ. Text-centered chunks

open doors 打開（各種機(jī)會(huì)的）大門

cash in 從……中撈到錢財(cái)

get one's head round (sth) 理解/弄懂（復(fù)雜的事情）

peer support 同學(xué)之間的互相支持

spell the end of sth 預(yù)示某事結(jié)束

stick with 堅(jiān)持下去

Ⅱ. Text-centered sentences

一、with的用法

1. However, to improve our linguistic skills,many of us have to endure hours of school lessons or evening classes, with our heads buried in textbooks. 然而，為了提高我們的語(yǔ)言技能，我們中的許多人不得不忍受數(shù)小時(shí)的學(xué)?；蛞剐Ｕn程，埋頭于課本。

【點(diǎn)石成金】with our heads buried in textbooks意思是“埋頭于課本”，是“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨、原因、時(shí)間、條件、方式等；其中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是名詞、形容詞、副詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)等。

【運(yùn)用遷移】他閉著眼睛坐在那兒。

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2. There is certainly a huge demand for language learning, and having a smartphone means you can have a virtual teacher with you wherever you go. 語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的需求無(wú)疑是巨大的，有一部智能手機(jī)意味著，無(wú)論你去哪里，你身邊都可以有一位虛擬老師。

【點(diǎn)石成金】with you意思是“和你在一起”，是“with sb”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“和某人在一起”，表示伴隨。

【運(yùn)用遷移】你能和我一起去圖書館嗎？

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二、主語(yǔ)從句

It's no wonder then that technology appears to be providing a better and more accessible way of learning. 科技似乎提供了一種更好、更容易獲得的學(xué)習(xí)方式，這并不奇怪。

【點(diǎn)石成金】“It is/was no wonder that...”是主語(yǔ)從句，It作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句。 另外從句中的appears to be作主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)，意為“好像是；仿佛”。

【運(yùn)用遷移】她如此心煩意亂，這并不奇怪。

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Activity B Reading for writing

假定你是李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Edward正在學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)，希望你推薦一款適合他學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序(app)，并給他一些學(xué)習(xí)建議。 請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，給他寫一封電子郵件。 內(nèi)容包括：

1. 推薦app；

2. 利用app有效學(xué)習(xí)的建議。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)為80左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3. 至少使用一個(gè)含with的短語(yǔ)或強(qiáng)調(diào)句；

4. 注意段落內(nèi)的邏輯關(guān)系。

Dear Edward,

Best wishes!

Yours,Li Hua

寫作導(dǎo)引

本次寫作任務(wù)是建議信寫作，要求學(xué)生向Edward推薦一款學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)的手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序(app)，并就他如何有效利用這款app學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)提出建議。同時(shí)，要求學(xué)生至少使用一個(gè)含with的短語(yǔ)或強(qiáng)調(diào)句。這些寫作要求和所給語(yǔ)篇的主題語(yǔ)境是緊密相關(guān)的。我們可以通過整合同主題閱讀材料的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言，梳理寫作思路和積累素材。

一、語(yǔ)篇解碼

（一）內(nèi)容分析

What is the text mainly about?

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（二）宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)

Fill in the blanks according to the text.

（三）段內(nèi)關(guān)系

Choose the best answers according to the relation in Para. 1, Para. 2 and Para. 3.

A. Deductive（演繹的).

B. Inductive(歸納的).

C. Progressive（遞進(jìn)的).

D. Contrastive(對(duì)比的).

Paragraph Sentence Relation analysis Topic sentence: It's no wonder then that technology appears to be providing a better and more accessible way of learning.Para. 1 However, to improve our linguistic skills, many of us have to endure hours of school lessons or evening classes, with our heads buried in textbooks.1.Topic sentence: There are numerous learning apps available.Para. 2 One of many popular apps, Duolingo, offers 91 courses in 30 languages and has more than 300 million users.2.Topic sentence: Whatever you want to learn, apps allow you to go at your own pace.Para. 3 But they're not perfect—you might not get your head round the grammar and will lack the peer support you could get in a classroom environment.3.

二、素材積累

本次寫作任務(wù)是基于同一主題的文章閱讀下的寫作，我們通過模仿并運(yùn)用閱讀中的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)，如詞塊和句型，積累寫作的語(yǔ)言素材。

（一）語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的核心表達(dá)

1. refer to a dictionary 查字典

2. translate... into 把……翻譯成

3. have a good command of 精通；通曉

4. enlarge vocabulary 擴(kuò)大詞匯量

5. express... in Chinese fluently 用中文流利地表達(dá)……

6. improve writing skills 提高寫作能力

（二）語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)意義的核心表達(dá)

1. broaden our horizons 開闊我們的視野

2. enrich our knowledge in various fields豐富我們?cè)诟黝I(lǐng)域的知識(shí)

3. get the hang of Chinese culture and customs 了解中國(guó)文化和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣

（三）建議信的核心表達(dá)

1. How is everything going? I am very happy to hear from you. You have asked me for my advice with regard to...and I will try to make some conducive suggestions. 最近好嗎？ 很高興收到你的來信。 你問了我關(guān)于……的建議，我會(huì)盡力給你一些有幫助的建議。

2. You have asked me for advice with regard to/concerning..., and I'll put forward some suggestions. 你問了我關(guān)于……的建議，我將會(huì)給你提出一些建議。

3. I'm writing to share my views on this problem, which I think may be helpful to you.我寫信分享一下我對(duì)這個(gè)問題的看法，希望對(duì)你有幫助。

4. From where I stand, to cope with this problem, there are at least three things you can do. First of all, what I strongly suggest is that...What's more, it would be beneficial if you can...In addition, another way contributing to the success of solving the problem is that... 在我看來，為了解決這個(gè)問題，你至少可以做三件事情。首先，我強(qiáng)烈建議的是……其次，如果你能夠……的話，這將會(huì)非常有益。另外，另一個(gè)有助于解決這個(gè)問題的方法是……

5. I sincerely hope that you'll find my suggestions beneficial. 我真的希望你覺得我的建議有幫助。

6. These are my suggestions and I hope they could be of some help to you. 這就是我的建議，并且我希望我的建議能幫到你。

三、寫作支架

本次寫作任務(wù)是一篇推薦+建議的文章，根據(jù)任務(wù)中的要求，語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)可定為“引出話題+提出建議+表達(dá)心愿”。 文章的框架如下：Dear ________,

You asked me for advice about________________.Here I'd like to recommend______________to you and try to give you some suggestions about ____________.

Thanks to ____________, I suggest that there are at least three functions that can be fully used. Firstly, _____________. Secondly,____________. Thirdly, ____________.

These are my suggestions and I hope they could be useful to you.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

四、語(yǔ)篇過手

根據(jù)以上提供的主題、主題表達(dá)和語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)，學(xué)生可以寫出書信的三段話。第一段，推薦學(xué)習(xí)app并點(diǎn)明寫作目的；第二段，提出具體建議；第三段，表達(dá)心愿，給予鼓勵(lì)。 總詞數(shù)控制在80左右。

同時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)運(yùn)用前文閱讀中出現(xiàn)的with短語(yǔ)或者強(qiáng)調(diào)句等。尤其要注意表達(dá)的內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，段落內(nèi)部是演繹關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系還是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，需要注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞。