TRADITIONAL CHINESE FOLK ART: SUGAR PAINTING 中國傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)——糖畫

Juno

你吃過糖畫嗎？糖畫，顧名思義，就是以糖做成的畫，它亦糖亦畫，可觀可食。糖畫是集民間工藝美術(shù)與美食于一體的獨特的傳統(tǒng)手工技藝，被列入中國國家級第二批非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。

Have you tasted one snack as well as the traditional Chinese form of art known as sugar painting？

Sugar painting can be found in various areas of China， but is 1）typically found around the Sichuan Province of southwestern China along the streets or in the parks.

The artists normally sit before a wooden 2）stand where there is a 3）poilshed 4）slab of marble in the middle. On the side there is a wooden plate with a 5）revolvable bamboo 6）arrow on it. The plate is painted with various patterns in a circle such as a dragon， bird， dog， flower basket and so forth. After paying， the

1） typically [?t?p?kli] adv.典型地

2） stand [st?nd] n.架，臺

3） polished [?p?l??t] adj.光滑的，擦亮的

4） slab [sl?b] n.厚板，平板

5） revolvable [r?'v?lv?bl] adj.可旋轉(zhuǎn)的

6） arrow [??r??] n.箭頭

customer， normally kids， turn the arrow and wait till it stops. The pattern pointed by the arrow is the one the artist is supposed to make with sugar.

Sugar painting is very different from normal painting and was 7）originated from the Ming Dynasty when sugar animals and figures were made in 8）molds as part of a sacrifice in religious rituals. In the Qing Dynasty， sugar painting gained more popularity. At that time， many people made a living by sugar painting， shouldering a carrying pole and setting up 9）stalls in crowded streets， in front of theatres and busy public places.

There are two main categories： plane painting and 10）solid painting. For the plane painting （which is the easier one）， the painter uses the brown sugar or white sugar as the raw material， the bronze spoon and a 11）shovel as the tool， and the slab of marble as the “paper”. To acquire liquid sugar， the artist has to cook the solid sugar in a pot before painting. Since the hot liquid sugar could freeze solid if it cools， the artist has to produce his work very quickly.

Using a small spoon to 12）scoop the 13）syrup which looks like silk and thread， the handi-craftsman concentrates his strength on the wrist and takes the spoon as a brush pen， rising and pausing 14）strokes， up and down， left and right. Soon a sugar painting of an animal， flower or a bike is finished， and the painter separates the painting from the marble with a shovel， puts a bamboo slice on the painting or wraps it with a 15）transparent plastic bag.

Although the number of sugar painters has decreased， due to its unique charm， a certain number of artists are making sustained efforts to preserve it by offering classes，

7） originate [??r?d??ne?t] v.起源于

8） mold [m??ld] n.模子

9） stall [st??l] n.小攤

10） solid [?s?l?d] adj.固體的;立體的

11） shovel [???vl] n.鏟子

12） scoop [sku?p] v.鏟

13） syrup [?s?r?p] n.糖漿

14） stroke [str??k] n.筆畫

15） transparent [tr?ns?pε?r?nt] adj.透明的

holding relevant activities such as sugar painting contests.

Nowadays， sugar painting has already beenlisted as National Non-Material Culture Heritage.

你嘗過糖畫嗎？它是一種小吃，同時也是一種中國傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式。

糖畫在中國各地隨處可見，尤其是在中國西南部的四川省的城市街頭或公園。

糖畫師們通常坐在木架前，中間有一塊光滑的大理石板。一側(cè)有一個木轉(zhuǎn)盤，上面有一個可旋轉(zhuǎn)的竹箭。轉(zhuǎn)盤上畫著龍、鳥、狗、花籃等各種圖案，以圓形排列。支付后，顧客——通常是孩子，他們會轉(zhuǎn)動箭頭，等待，直到它停止。箭頭指向的圖案便是糖畫師用糖畫出的圖案。

糖畫與普通繪畫大不相同，它起源于明代，當(dāng)時用糖制成的動物和人物是作為宗教儀式祭品的一部分，是用模具制作的。到了清代，糖畫越來越受歡迎。當(dāng)時，許多人靠糖畫為生，肩扛一根長桿，在擁擠的街道、劇院和繁忙的公共場所擺攤。

糖畫主要有兩類：平面糖畫和立體糖畫。對于平面糖畫（這是相對比較容易的），糖畫師以紅糖或白糖作為原料，青銅勺和鏟子作為工具，大理石板作為“紙”。為了獲得液態(tài)糖，糖畫師在繪畫前必須把固體糖煮在鍋里。因為熱的液體糖如果冷卻，可能會凍結(jié)成固體，糖畫師必須非常迅速地制作他的作品。

用一個小勺子鏟糖漿，看起來像絲綢和線，糖畫師把力氣集中在手腕上，并用勺子作為一支筆刷，上升和暫停筆觸，向上和向下，向左和向右。不久，動物、花或自行車的糖畫就完成了，糖畫師用鏟子將畫與大理石分開，在畫上放一根竹片，或者用透明塑料袋包起來。

雖然糖畫師的數(shù)量在減少，但是由于糖畫獨特的魅力，很多藝術(shù)家正在作出持續(xù)的努力，如進(jìn)行糖畫教學(xué)、舉行糖畫比賽等相關(guān)的活動。

如今，糖畫已被列為國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。