• <tr id="yyy80"></tr>
  • <sup id="yyy80"></sup>
  • <tfoot id="yyy80"><noscript id="yyy80"></noscript></tfoot>
  • 99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看 ?

    On the Folk Customs of Liaodong in Ming Dynasty in Jocheonrok

    2020-12-19 07:24:52

    School of Chinese Language and Literature,Tonghua Normal University,Tonghua,China Email:thnuedu@163.com

    [Abstract]North Korea often sent envoys to Beijing in the Ming Dynasty,who traveled back and forth between China and North Korea,and frequently saw various local folk customs when passing through the Northeast.As the members of East Asian culture,the North Korean envoys were familiar and open to these folk customs,so they recorded these strange customs in their diaries or notes—Jocheonrok.Comparing the records in Jocheonrok with domestic documents,it is seen that the folk customs of the Liaodong area in the Ming Dynasty include the folk customs of not only the Yuan Dynasty,but also the various ethnic minorities in the Northeast China,as well as the unique customs formed during the Ming Dynasty.

    [Keywords]Ming Dynasty;Liaodong area;folk customs;Jocheonrok

    Introduction

    Jocheonrokis the record of North Korean envoys who go to the royal court of Ming Dynasty and record what they have seen and heard in China.At that time,North Korea regarded China as its suzerain state,and the envoys sent were all officials who knew Chinese and could write poems in Chinese.Their task received from their royal court is to go to meet Chinese emperor and write down what they saw and heard in China,in which some were in the form of poetry,some in the form of essays,and some in the form of diary.These records are collectively referred to asJocheonrok.North Korean envoys often passed through the Liaodong region to travel between the capitals of China and North Korea.Therefore,theJocheonrokrecorded many folk customs in the Liaodong region during the Ming Dynasty.

    In the Ming Dynasty,Liaodong designated the area under the jurisdiction of the Liaodong Capital Commander,or called the Liaodong Toshi.In the fourth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty(1371),Ming Taizu established Dingliao Tohee in the east of Liaoning,and in the sixth year(1373)he set up Liaoyang Prefecture and County.In the eighth year(1375),Dingliao Tohee was changed to Liaodong Toshi.It was governed by Ding Liao Center Commander(now Liaoyang City,Liaoning Province),and its jurisdiction is similar to the most of Liaoning Province today.According toAnnuals of Liaodong:“From the Yalu River in the east,530 li,to Shanhaiguan in the west,1,500 li,to Beijing,1,700 li,south to Lushunkou,730 li,crossing the sea to Nanjing 3040 li,north to Kaiyuan,340 li.”(Bi,1984,p.4)Not only is the strategic location very important,this place is also the intersection of the grassland nomads,forest fishermen and hunters,and plain farming people during the feudal society.It is the place where contemporary culture in the Northeast China was formed.It is worthy of attention in the history of modern Chinese culture.

    Etiquette and Customs of Liaodong Folk Costumes

    The North Korean envoys paid a lot of attention to the people’s life in Liaodong area,including clothing,food,housing,and transportation,in which the etiquette and customs of the clothing were naturally very important to them and become their focus.Therefore,in the writings of the Korean envoys,there are a lot of clothing customs in the Liaodong region of the Ming Dynasty,which are mainly reflected in the gradual change from the early Ming Dynasty to the middle and late stages,and the specific performance is from frugality to extravagance ,and even the obvious diversified characteristics of clothing.

    In the second year of Wanli(1574),North Korean official Zhao Xian went to the Ming Dynasty with the delegation to congratulate the Spring Festival as a Zhizheng official.After returning to North Korea,he madeSealed Memorial to the Throne after Returningto the King of Korea and introduced the Ming Dynasty’s perfect political system,etiquette system,and put forward many social reform suggestions.Among them,the chapter“Noble and Low Costumes”describes in detail the characteristics of costumes and ritual system promulgated in the early years of the Ming Dynasty.It distinguishes clothes of different identities:ordinary people cannot wear crowns or use yellow fabrics,and can only use ordinary materials such as silk,and plain yarn instead of expensive brocade and embroidery;women’s jewelry can only be made of silver,not gold or jewelry,and men’s hats cannot be decorated with jewelry.Later in the 14th year of Hongwu(1382),farmers were allowed to wear silk,plain yarn and cloth,but merchants or peasant families in which there are merchants were not allowed to wear silk.These decrees exactly embodied the Ming Dynasty’s national policy of advocating frugality in dress while emphasizing agriculture and restraining business.

    However,such a policy could still be implemented smoothly in the early years of the Ming Dynasty.By the middle of Ming Dynasty,the atmosphere of luxury began to become popular.In the twenty-sixth year of Wanli(1598),as soon as Huang Ruyi went to China as an envoy,he noted that Northeast China experienced a lack of population and resources during the war before the establishment of the Ming Dynasty.Therefore,in the early Ming Dynasty,there was an atmosphere of diligence,frugality and simplicity,but after the Chenghua and Hongzhi years,the long-term peaceful life led to the accumulation of wealth.From the government to the ordinary people,they were accustomed to the cumbersome etiquette and luxurious life,forming a focus on quality of life and contempt funeral atmosphere.

    Various ethnic groups in Liaodong area live in a mixed population— immigrants from the Central Plains,as well as local indigenous inhabitants such as Korean,Manchu,Mongolian and Ewenki.Therefore,the local costumes have both typical diversified characteristics.Due to the low temperature in Liaodong,local children do not braid their hair,but hang it behind their heads after a little trimming,and tie their hair behind their heads only after fifteen to make it easier to wear a hat.In the fifteenth year of Wanli(1587),when North Korean envoy Pei Sanyi traveled through Liaoyang,he felt that the local customs were different from the customs of the Central Plains,so in his diary he mentioned that the local married women tied their hair on the top of their heads and braided them into buns.Besides,the locals used barbed wire instead of bamboo nets made by southerners,and They used fur nets called“warm forehead”to cover their hair in winter.It can be seen that decorations of the people in Liaodong area are basically the same as those of the Central Plains except for the slight difference caused by the cold climate.

    The costumes and folk customs between Han nationality in Liaodong area and the Korean,Manchu,Mongolian,Jurchen and other ethnic minority influence each other,which is also reflected in the diversification of costumes.When North Korean Zhao Xian visited local officials passed through Liaodong,he found that the dresses of local officials near the county towns in areas where ethnic minorities live are often different from those in the Central Plains.Officials in Central Plains have certain requirements for their clothing,such as wearing different styles of hats,belts,and different grades of official uniforms according to their levels.However,officials in small towns in Liaodong area,such as Funing,Fengrun,and Guangning,often do not wear official uniforms and like to wear hats or hats with local ethnic characteristics.Zhao Xian even ridiculed them as“not as good as human figures”.

    Even though official costumes are like this,folk costumes are even more diverse.In the forty-two year of Wanli(1614),the Korean envoy Jin Zhongqing recorded that the Mongols and Jurchens living around Guangningwei had a certain degree of sinicization,but men were dressed like Han,the women were still used to loose their hair.Without combing on the top of the head,the clothes are also“l(fā)eft halves”(that is,the front of the clothes is to the left),retaining the habits of the original nation.In the forty-third year of Wanli(1589),the Korean envoy Xu Yan described in his poems that even though women from ethnic minorities in Liaodong married men of Han,they also learned from Han women—combed their tall buns and put on red rouge,but still have no habit of binding his feet since she was a child.

    Folk Funeral Customs

    although the traditional Chinese folk custom of funeral and burial has changed with time,it generally follows the form of wooden coffin and burial,and in accordance with the system and folk traditional funeral procedures since the Zhou Dynasty.The etiquette system of the Yuan Dynasty was very different from the original traditional culture of the Central Plains since the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty was a Mongolian,and many popular funeral methods on the grassland also entered the Central Plains.

    after the establishment of the Ming Dynasty,the Emperor Ming Dynasty successively promulgated many rules according to the Family Rite written by Zhu Xi for regulating various rituals and restoring traditional funeral rituals.Liaodong is located in a remote area,and its folk funeral customs are relatively complicated.It has mixed characteristics of traditional culture from Central Plains and local minority folk customs.Some Korean envoys also recorded some funeral customs left over from Yuan Dynasty,which are kept inJocheonrok.

    The North Korean envoy Zhao Xian recorded that men over the age of 15 in Liaodong usually wear hats,and the tribesmen would wrap their heads with white cloth until the end of the funeral,which is one of the typical characteristics of funeral in the Central Plains in the early Ming Dynasty.In the twenty-sixth year of Wanli(1598),Huang Ruyi’s also recorded the funeral customs in Liaodong— in families where someone died,they should wear white colored flowers during their filial piety.Wearing white during mourning was a traditional funeral system in Central Plains,which lasted from Zhou Dynasty to Ming Dynasty.However,white colored flowers worn in the Ming Dynasty is different from the previous generation.

    In addition,it is worth noting that people who have recorded funerals in Yinchalu posted“spring posts”which originally referred to Spring Festival couplets.Since Song Dynasty,couplets were posted at the door or in the room on the day of Beginning of Spring.But Huang Ruyi’s“spring post”actually refers to elegiac couplets.It is common to hang or give elegiac couplets to commemorate the dead after the Qing Dynasty,but its origin has been difficult to verify.There were few recorded elegiac couplets in the Ming Dynasty,but from the Korean records,it can be known that the hanging of elegiac couplets in the Liaodong area in the middle of Ming Dynasty was an important part of the local funeral activities,which undoubtedly filled the gaps in the funeral records in China.

    In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,Liaodong still had no unified burial system for funerals.According to Huang Ruyi’s record,the funeral of the Shanhaiguan generation was very various.The locals did not use coffins to converge after they died,and even fewer were buried after they were put in the coffins.Most local people put their dead relatives into the coffin and threw it into the wilderness,and the coffin was just covered with a mat,which is quite different from traditional funerals in Central Plains.Therefore,North Korean envoys believed that the local people must have been influenced by the customs of northern nomads.

    In addition,since the rise of Taoism in the Yuan Dynasty,it has become very popular all over the country for families who died to invite monks or Taoists to do things and invite bands to play up the atmosphere.In the twelfth year of Jiajing in the mid-Ming Dynasty(1533),the Korean envoy Su Shirang was surprised and insisted that it is a bad local custom and does not conform to the traditional Chinese traditional culture.

    Folk Festival Customs

    ancient China is a very powerful dynasty in front of North Korea.In ancient North Korea,from the king to the ordinary people,they are curious about Chinese culture.Many officials and people speak Chinese,wear Han clothes,write Chinese poetry and even be proud of celebrating Chinese festivals.The North Korean envoys came to China for the purpose of not only delivering gifts to the emperor of the Ming Dynasty to express the loyalty of the Korean king,but also to understand the local customs of China,and then to advise the king and ministers for reforming the Korean customs.Therefore,many festival customs in the daily lives of the people in Liaodong were recorded in their documents as an envoy.

    In the twenty-sixth year of Wanli(1598),Huang Ruyi passed Yongping Mansion in the Liaodong region on his way home.It was the time for the Chinese people to celebrate the Spring Festival.He recorded many customs in his diary,including sacrifices in the first month.At that time,the custom of offering sacrifices to God and ancestors was popular in most parts of China on the Beginning of Spring.And three days later,people would go to the ancestor’s cemetery.After returning,relatives and friends would feast with each other.The customs of keeping the lights on on Spring Festival’s Eve etc.are consistent with the records of Ming Dynasty history books such asA History of Ming Dynasty,Annuals of Liaodong.

    InJocheonrokmany Liaodong folk festival celebrations and sacrifices are recorded,which complemented the deficiencies of Chinese history books.For example,on the day before the Beginning of Spring,people must welcome the“Mang god”and whip the“earth cattle”.“Mang God”is actually Jumang who was worshiped as a god in charge of farmland and grazing.The custom of whipping“earth cattle”means to pray for a good harvest.Besides,the celebrations and activities such as siting together to eat moon cakes on the Mid-Autumn Festival,climbing on the Double Ninth Festival and brewing chrysanthemum wine are basically similar to those in the Central Plains.

    In addition,some similar customs were held at different times or in different ways in Liaodong and the Central Plains in terms of the different geographical location and climate type.For example,when North Korean envoy Xu Zhu came to Beijing on a mission to Liaodong,he found that local women had outdoor activity of“swing play”around the Dragon Boat Festival,and this activity was held on the first day of the third month of the lunar calendar in the Central Plains.The customs of the Lantern Festival in the Central Plains include viewing lanterns,eating glutinous rice balls,guessing lantern riddles,and setting off fireworks was changed into going to temples or Taoist temples and other places to burn incense and pray in Liaodong region due to the cold climate.

    Folk Diet Customs

    On account of small number of immigrants from the Central Plains to Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty,the residents of the Liaodong area at that time were mainly local Manchus and Koreans,so their diet had obvious ethnic characteristics.And the rich local products provided residents with diversification of food materials.When North Korean envoys came to Beijing to meet the Emperor of Ming Dynasty,all government offices in Liaodong would entertain envoys with the most distinctive local cuisine.

    So after being hospitalized,the deliciousness and variety of food in Liaodong felt by the North Korean envoys were recorded in their diaries and poems.What they like most is hot pot.Hot pot is rumored to have appeared in the Three Kingdoms period,but became popular with the Mongols entering China during the Yuan Dynasty.With the introduction of chili peppers to China during the Ming Dynasty,this way of eating became more popular among people in Liaodong.The North Korean envoys not only recorded the consumption of hot pot in detail,but some even brought the local copper hot pot back to North Korea.

    Moreover,the government officials and guards stationed in the Liaodong area were mostly northern Han people who were fond of wheaten food.The staple food was noodles.Therefore,there are many types of cooked wheaten food in the records of the Korean envoys,such as steamed buns,flower rolls,and noodles,which are similar to those of the Central Plains.Steamed buns had been popular in China during the Southern Song Dynasty,but it was the first time for the Korean envoy Xu Changfu to see it,so he transliterated it as“rouboer”for praising their shape like frosted flowers.

    North Korean envoys were warmly received wherever they passed,but local officials would not use very high standards to receive them since it was difficult for these remote offices to have more precious ingredients.Therefore,it is inevitable that some envoys were full of envy in their diaries of the Liaodong specialties such as bear paws and sea cucumbers,but because they had no chance to try them,they could only sigh.

    Throughout the records of the North Korean envoys on the folk customs in the Liaodong region,especially making a general survey of the social customs of the Northeast in the Ming Dynasty from the perspective of the“other”in the form of diaries and poems provides a new perspective for studying and understanding the social life of the Northeast China.These materials can make up for the lack and insufficiency of historical data in China to some extent,and also help us to deepen our understanding of the social politics,economy,and culture of the Northeast China in the Ming Dynasty from a foreign perspective.

    Acknowledgments

    This paper is funded byA Study of Folk Customs of Liaodong in Ming Dynasty in Jocheonrok,a Project of Humanities and Social Science Research Planning Project of Education Department of Jilin Province.The Project serial number:JJKH20170448SK;andA Study of Etiquette and Customs of Holding Weddings and Funerals in Liaodong Region in Ming Dynasty Based on Jocheonrok,a Special Project of Application for Master’s Training Qualification in Tonghua Normal University.I would like to express my thanks to everyone who has helped me.

    男人添女人高潮全过程视频| 777米奇影视久久| 国产成人精品福利久久| 一个人看视频在线观看www免费| 免费人成在线观看视频色| 国产精品不卡视频一区二区| av在线app专区| 亚洲色图综合在线观看| 大片免费播放器 马上看| 国产精品一区二区在线不卡| 久久精品国产亚洲av涩爱| 亚洲国产精品国产精品| av黄色大香蕉| 久久精品国产亚洲av天美| 黄色日韩在线| 青春草视频在线免费观看| 干丝袜人妻中文字幕| 欧美xxxx性猛交bbbb| 91精品国产九色| 热re99久久精品国产66热6| 国产视频内射| 干丝袜人妻中文字幕| 久久久久久久大尺度免费视频| 老女人水多毛片| av视频免费观看在线观看| 国产欧美亚洲国产| 3wmmmm亚洲av在线观看| 91在线精品国自产拍蜜月| 99热这里只有是精品在线观看| 国产伦精品一区二区三区四那| 身体一侧抽搐| 成人国产av品久久久| 国产亚洲最大av| 一级毛片 在线播放| 国产精品国产三级国产av玫瑰| 国产熟女欧美一区二区| 这个男人来自地球电影免费观看 | 少妇被粗大猛烈的视频| 国产高清有码在线观看视频| 晚上一个人看的免费电影| 高清视频免费观看一区二区| 亚洲精品日韩av片在线观看| 91精品伊人久久大香线蕉| 91精品国产九色| 亚洲在久久综合| 国产黄频视频在线观看| 搡老乐熟女国产| 免费黄色在线免费观看| 国产精品国产av在线观看| av在线蜜桃| 777米奇影视久久| 亚洲av免费高清在线观看| 最近最新中文字幕大全电影3| 黄色日韩在线| 日本wwww免费看| 亚洲成人手机| 九九爱精品视频在线观看| 欧美激情极品国产一区二区三区 | 国产高清三级在线| 天堂中文最新版在线下载| 一级毛片 在线播放| 一级毛片我不卡| 亚洲国产精品国产精品| 日本黄大片高清| 亚洲自偷自拍三级| 久久精品夜色国产| 免费人成在线观看视频色| 边亲边吃奶的免费视频| 激情五月婷婷亚洲| 干丝袜人妻中文字幕| 欧美激情国产日韩精品一区| 亚洲国产av新网站| 国产免费一区二区三区四区乱码| tube8黄色片| 日本免费在线观看一区| 色哟哟·www| 亚洲国产精品成人久久小说| kizo精华| av播播在线观看一区| 精品午夜福利在线看| xxx大片免费视频| 伦理电影大哥的女人| 久久久久久九九精品二区国产| 午夜福利在线在线| 日本爱情动作片www.在线观看| 高清欧美精品videossex| 国产精品一区www在线观看| 国产精品伦人一区二区| 欧美一级a爱片免费观看看| 日韩国内少妇激情av| 亚洲av日韩在线播放| 久久精品国产自在天天线| 中国国产av一级| 成年人午夜在线观看视频| 精品亚洲成国产av| 大香蕉久久网| 婷婷色麻豆天堂久久| 婷婷色综合大香蕉| 国产一区二区在线观看日韩| 成人国产av品久久久| 亚州av有码| 欧美日韩国产mv在线观看视频 | 少妇人妻久久综合中文| 国产精品国产三级专区第一集| 这个男人来自地球电影免费观看 | 欧美高清性xxxxhd video| av黄色大香蕉| 日日啪夜夜爽| 91狼人影院| 成年美女黄网站色视频大全免费 | 欧美高清成人免费视频www| 欧美区成人在线视频| 日本色播在线视频| 国产精品欧美亚洲77777| 亚洲成人手机| 国产精品久久久久久精品古装| 欧美一级a爱片免费观看看| 成年女人在线观看亚洲视频| 日本黄色日本黄色录像| 99视频精品全部免费 在线| 国产永久视频网站| 日韩大片免费观看网站| 国产成人aa在线观看| 日韩欧美一区视频在线观看 | 男女国产视频网站| 亚洲精品国产av蜜桃| 夫妻性生交免费视频一级片| 在线观看三级黄色| 色视频www国产| 亚洲国产日韩一区二区| 亚洲伊人久久精品综合| 高清欧美精品videossex| 久热这里只有精品99| 欧美亚洲 丝袜 人妻 在线| 久久青草综合色| 欧美丝袜亚洲另类| 黄色配什么色好看| 爱豆传媒免费全集在线观看| 麻豆精品久久久久久蜜桃| 成人高潮视频无遮挡免费网站| 国产精品av视频在线免费观看| 91精品国产国语对白视频| 国产日韩欧美亚洲二区| 亚洲内射少妇av| 国产在线视频一区二区| 国产免费一级a男人的天堂| 尤物成人国产欧美一区二区三区| 国产 一区 欧美 日韩| 国产伦在线观看视频一区| 久久久久久久久久久免费av| 日韩人妻高清精品专区| 亚洲怡红院男人天堂| 舔av片在线| 亚洲av免费高清在线观看| 亚洲国产精品国产精品| 岛国毛片在线播放| 日韩一本色道免费dvd| 亚洲国产欧美在线一区| 免费观看性生交大片5| 简卡轻食公司| 国产深夜福利视频在线观看| 97超碰精品成人国产| 欧美精品一区二区大全| 国产精品秋霞免费鲁丝片| 一级a做视频免费观看| 国产免费视频播放在线视频| 超碰97精品在线观看| av黄色大香蕉| 91精品一卡2卡3卡4卡| 久久久久久久久久人人人人人人| 久久99精品国语久久久| 国内揄拍国产精品人妻在线| 久久久久久久久久成人| 国产成人精品福利久久| 中文字幕av成人在线电影| 爱豆传媒免费全集在线观看| 少妇猛男粗大的猛烈进出视频| 国产69精品久久久久777片| 久久毛片免费看一区二区三区| 久久久久久久久久人人人人人人| 久久精品国产自在天天线| 国产免费视频播放在线视频| 男人狂女人下面高潮的视频| 欧美97在线视频| 国产黄片美女视频| 亚洲成人中文字幕在线播放| 久久人人爽av亚洲精品天堂 | 日韩成人伦理影院| 亚洲av欧美aⅴ国产| 日本vs欧美在线观看视频 | 亚洲av福利一区| 在线观看av片永久免费下载| 精品久久久久久久久亚洲| 国产亚洲午夜精品一区二区久久| 国产在视频线精品| 国产亚洲av片在线观看秒播厂| 精品酒店卫生间| 日产精品乱码卡一卡2卡三| 欧美少妇被猛烈插入视频| av女优亚洲男人天堂| 亚洲av在线观看美女高潮| 欧美老熟妇乱子伦牲交| 国产高清不卡午夜福利| 婷婷色综合大香蕉| 亚洲精品国产成人久久av| 狂野欧美白嫩少妇大欣赏| 成年女人在线观看亚洲视频| 国产男女超爽视频在线观看| 草草在线视频免费看| 欧美zozozo另类| 国产亚洲一区二区精品| 人妻一区二区av| av在线蜜桃| 日本猛色少妇xxxxx猛交久久| 简卡轻食公司| 国产亚洲av片在线观看秒播厂| 欧美日韩一区二区视频在线观看视频在线| 成人黄色视频免费在线看| 国产高清国产精品国产三级 | 一个人免费看片子| 免费看av在线观看网站| 国产精品不卡视频一区二区| 寂寞人妻少妇视频99o| 这个男人来自地球电影免费观看 | 色婷婷久久久亚洲欧美| 国产在视频线精品| 国产色爽女视频免费观看| 欧美日韩一区二区视频在线观看视频在线| 日本vs欧美在线观看视频 | 国产精品女同一区二区软件| 欧美一区二区亚洲| 国国产精品蜜臀av免费| 韩国高清视频一区二区三区| 国产一区二区三区综合在线观看 | 2022亚洲国产成人精品| 我的女老师完整版在线观看| 久久久久久久精品精品| 干丝袜人妻中文字幕| 欧美97在线视频| 国产精品一二三区在线看| 中文字幕人妻熟人妻熟丝袜美| 亚洲欧美日韩东京热| 国产午夜精品久久久久久一区二区三区| 欧美日韩一区二区视频在线观看视频在线| 99re6热这里在线精品视频| 国产一区二区三区综合在线观看 | xxx大片免费视频| 久久久久精品性色| 日本黄色日本黄色录像| 久久精品久久久久久噜噜老黄| 日产精品乱码卡一卡2卡三| 亚洲美女视频黄频| 我要看黄色一级片免费的| 欧美97在线视频| 亚洲一区二区三区欧美精品| 欧美少妇被猛烈插入视频| 男人狂女人下面高潮的视频| 九九在线视频观看精品| 自拍欧美九色日韩亚洲蝌蚪91 | 人妻系列 视频| 91狼人影院| 日韩中字成人| 欧美成人a在线观看| 在线观看一区二区三区激情| 精品国产露脸久久av麻豆| 日韩三级伦理在线观看| 欧美精品亚洲一区二区| 成人免费观看视频高清| 嫩草影院新地址| 夜夜爽夜夜爽视频| 夫妻性生交免费视频一级片| 亚洲成人中文字幕在线播放| 亚洲精品aⅴ在线观看| 久久99热这里只有精品18| 大片免费播放器 马上看| 97在线人人人人妻| 日本-黄色视频高清免费观看| 精品午夜福利在线看| 亚洲欧美日韩另类电影网站 | 寂寞人妻少妇视频99o| 国产亚洲最大av| 国产精品蜜桃在线观看| 国产熟女欧美一区二区| 国产男人的电影天堂91| 精品人妻视频免费看| 免费观看无遮挡的男女| 免费黄频网站在线观看国产| 国产精品一区二区性色av| 国产精品三级大全| 欧美xxxx性猛交bbbb| 亚洲精品一二三| 波野结衣二区三区在线| 一个人免费看片子| 人人妻人人澡人人爽人人夜夜| 99久久精品热视频| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜爱| 国产精品久久久久久精品古装| 久久这里有精品视频免费| 欧美亚洲 丝袜 人妻 在线| 国国产精品蜜臀av免费| 国产精品伦人一区二区| 人人妻人人澡人人爽人人夜夜| 日韩一本色道免费dvd| 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| 国产亚洲最大av| 99热6这里只有精品| 大香蕉久久网| 秋霞伦理黄片| 哪个播放器可以免费观看大片| 午夜福利视频精品| 久久精品国产亚洲av天美| 精品国产一区二区三区久久久樱花 | 国产精品欧美亚洲77777| 女性被躁到高潮视频| kizo精华| 一区二区av电影网| 麻豆成人午夜福利视频| 在线精品无人区一区二区三 | 香蕉精品网在线| 美女脱内裤让男人舔精品视频| 免费不卡的大黄色大毛片视频在线观看| 性色avwww在线观看| 成年女人在线观看亚洲视频| 亚洲精品视频女| 久久青草综合色| 男人狂女人下面高潮的视频| 国产av一区二区精品久久 | 又大又黄又爽视频免费| 国模一区二区三区四区视频| av视频免费观看在线观看| 国内揄拍国产精品人妻在线| 99久国产av精品国产电影| 80岁老熟妇乱子伦牲交| 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| 99九九线精品视频在线观看视频| 亚洲美女搞黄在线观看| 永久免费av网站大全| av一本久久久久| 极品教师在线视频| 欧美xxⅹ黑人| 国产视频首页在线观看| 久热久热在线精品观看| 国产精品久久久久久久电影| 欧美国产精品一级二级三级 | 熟女电影av网| 亚洲国产最新在线播放| 一个人看的www免费观看视频| 国产av国产精品国产| 国产色婷婷99| 国产午夜精品久久久久久一区二区三区| 天堂8中文在线网| 亚洲成人一二三区av| 麻豆成人av视频| 日韩大片免费观看网站| 国产精品一区www在线观看| 久久毛片免费看一区二区三区| 免费观看a级毛片全部| 日韩亚洲欧美综合| 亚洲,欧美,日韩| 国产欧美另类精品又又久久亚洲欧美| av在线老鸭窝| 亚洲精品色激情综合| 国产色爽女视频免费观看| 99久久中文字幕三级久久日本| 蜜桃久久精品国产亚洲av| 婷婷色综合大香蕉| 九九爱精品视频在线观看| 欧美bdsm另类| 中文字幕制服av| av国产免费在线观看| 国产乱来视频区| av在线观看视频网站免费| 在线免费观看不下载黄p国产| 男的添女的下面高潮视频| 乱系列少妇在线播放| 两个人的视频大全免费| 51国产日韩欧美| 日韩一本色道免费dvd| 最近2019中文字幕mv第一页| 午夜福利高清视频| 少妇 在线观看| 亚洲精品自拍成人| 99热全是精品| 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| 国产精品伦人一区二区| av在线观看视频网站免费| 99久久精品国产国产毛片| 久久av网站| 水蜜桃什么品种好| 亚洲久久久国产精品| 欧美精品国产亚洲| 丝瓜视频免费看黄片| 少妇熟女欧美另类| 精品国产一区二区三区久久久樱花 | 久久久久久久久久久免费av| 搡老乐熟女国产| 欧美日韩亚洲高清精品| 久久人妻熟女aⅴ| 一级毛片电影观看| 蜜桃久久精品国产亚洲av| 久久99精品国语久久久| 一二三四中文在线观看免费高清| 亚洲精品一区蜜桃| 成人黄色视频免费在线看| 韩国av在线不卡| 久久热精品热| 美女xxoo啪啪120秒动态图| 久久久a久久爽久久v久久| 亚洲精品日韩av片在线观看| 亚洲成人手机| 欧美成人a在线观看| 在线观看免费视频网站a站| 免费观看a级毛片全部| 亚洲综合精品二区| 亚洲国产精品999| 一级毛片黄色毛片免费观看视频| 在线观看一区二区三区| 黄色视频在线播放观看不卡| 久久久久国产网址| 欧美日韩视频精品一区| 免费观看的影片在线观看| 免费看光身美女| 国产男人的电影天堂91| 久久人人爽人人片av| 两个人的视频大全免费| 欧美成人一区二区免费高清观看| av专区在线播放| 高清日韩中文字幕在线| 国产69精品久久久久777片| 我的老师免费观看完整版| av在线播放精品| 精品一品国产午夜福利视频| 成年美女黄网站色视频大全免费 | 啦啦啦视频在线资源免费观看| 国产大屁股一区二区在线视频| 中文字幕av成人在线电影| 91精品国产国语对白视频| 精品视频人人做人人爽| 久久久成人免费电影| 男人狂女人下面高潮的视频| 男女啪啪激烈高潮av片| 国语对白做爰xxxⅹ性视频网站| 精品少妇黑人巨大在线播放| 亚洲欧美日韩卡通动漫| 日本免费在线观看一区| 亚洲人与动物交配视频| 精华霜和精华液先用哪个| 妹子高潮喷水视频| 欧美日韩在线观看h| 国产v大片淫在线免费观看| 草草在线视频免费看| 国产一区有黄有色的免费视频| 国产精品三级大全| 内射极品少妇av片p| 嫩草影院入口| 1000部很黄的大片| 久久99热6这里只有精品| 在线观看一区二区三区| 成人美女网站在线观看视频| 成人影院久久| 伦理电影大哥的女人| 美女cb高潮喷水在线观看| 日韩一本色道免费dvd| 国产精品伦人一区二区| 最近最新中文字幕免费大全7| 日韩电影二区| 久久综合国产亚洲精品| 黑丝袜美女国产一区| 麻豆成人午夜福利视频| 精品人妻视频免费看| 尤物成人国产欧美一区二区三区| 麻豆国产97在线/欧美| 99re6热这里在线精品视频| 欧美xxxx黑人xx丫x性爽| 成人毛片60女人毛片免费| 成年免费大片在线观看| 久久99热这里只有精品18| 美女中出高潮动态图| 美女xxoo啪啪120秒动态图| 网址你懂的国产日韩在线| 在现免费观看毛片| 一区二区三区精品91| 欧美成人午夜免费资源| 国产亚洲欧美精品永久| 国产探花极品一区二区| 国产亚洲精品久久久com| 男女啪啪激烈高潮av片| 免费看日本二区| 色吧在线观看| 国产色爽女视频免费观看| 一级毛片 在线播放| 精品亚洲成国产av| 少妇人妻 视频| 如何舔出高潮| 自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇| 久久人人爽人人片av| 午夜日本视频在线| 少妇人妻精品综合一区二区| 亚洲精品乱码久久久久久按摩| 国产精品久久久久成人av| 成人亚洲欧美一区二区av| 亚洲综合精品二区| 精品熟女少妇av免费看| videossex国产| 国产黄片美女视频| 嫩草影院新地址| 久久精品国产亚洲av涩爱| 欧美一区二区亚洲| 国产成人一区二区在线| 人人妻人人添人人爽欧美一区卜 | 国产永久视频网站| 亚洲欧美中文字幕日韩二区| av网站免费在线观看视频| 国产黄色视频一区二区在线观看| 日韩av不卡免费在线播放| 最近的中文字幕免费完整| 国产黄频视频在线观看| 纯流量卡能插随身wifi吗| 亚洲美女视频黄频| 国产日韩欧美亚洲二区| 亚洲国产欧美在线一区| 国产欧美日韩精品一区二区| av一本久久久久| 精品少妇黑人巨大在线播放| 久久 成人 亚洲| .国产精品久久| 99久久精品国产国产毛片| 欧美精品人与动牲交sv欧美| 久久久久性生活片| 亚洲天堂av无毛| 国产爽快片一区二区三区| 国产精品秋霞免费鲁丝片| videos熟女内射| 久久人人爽人人爽人人片va| 国产成人午夜福利电影在线观看| 国产精品三级大全| 国产伦理片在线播放av一区| 舔av片在线| 国产成人freesex在线| 天天躁日日操中文字幕| 精品国产露脸久久av麻豆| 在线免费十八禁| 成人毛片a级毛片在线播放| 乱系列少妇在线播放| 国产精品国产三级专区第一集| 最近2019中文字幕mv第一页| 亚洲av中文av极速乱| 国产精品一二三区在线看| 欧美日韩视频精品一区| 中文字幕亚洲精品专区| 亚洲国产av新网站| 老女人水多毛片| 国产亚洲91精品色在线| 欧美zozozo另类| 性高湖久久久久久久久免费观看| 美女cb高潮喷水在线观看| 精品人妻视频免费看| 日韩视频在线欧美| 啦啦啦中文免费视频观看日本| 天堂中文最新版在线下载| 久久久色成人| 亚洲精品亚洲一区二区| 亚洲av.av天堂| 婷婷色av中文字幕| 最黄视频免费看| 国产成人精品一,二区| 国产精品一区二区在线不卡| 国产伦理片在线播放av一区| 国精品久久久久久国模美| 插逼视频在线观看| 日韩亚洲欧美综合| 亚洲精品自拍成人| 一级av片app| 亚洲伊人久久精品综合| 老熟女久久久| 亚洲精品色激情综合| 人妻 亚洲 视频| 天堂8中文在线网| h日本视频在线播放| 高清欧美精品videossex| 男人舔奶头视频| 亚洲人成网站在线播| 777米奇影视久久| 国产精品国产av在线观看| 高清不卡的av网站| 全区人妻精品视频| 在线免费十八禁| 国产黄频视频在线观看| 欧美成人午夜免费资源| 十分钟在线观看高清视频www | 亚洲成人中文字幕在线播放| 女性被躁到高潮视频| 欧美xxⅹ黑人| 狂野欧美白嫩少妇大欣赏| 久久99精品国语久久久| 中文字幕制服av| 18禁裸乳无遮挡动漫免费视频| 日韩一区二区视频免费看| 精品少妇久久久久久888优播| 黄色日韩在线| 欧美zozozo另类| 日韩成人伦理影院| 久久青草综合色| 少妇高潮的动态图| 成人漫画全彩无遮挡| 国产在线男女| 在线观看美女被高潮喷水网站| 五月开心婷婷网| av不卡在线播放| 汤姆久久久久久久影院中文字幕| 欧美极品一区二区三区四区| 一本—道久久a久久精品蜜桃钙片| 亚洲av成人精品一区久久| 七月丁香在线播放| 久久人人爽av亚洲精品天堂 |