工業(yè)遺存“變身”文化地標

魏董華

沿著天目溪向上游進入武隆山脈，這里種植板栗和山核桃。在一處半山腰上，隱藏于一片田園風光中，是50年前留下的一座廢棄工廠。

在浙江省西北部的杭州臨安山區(qū)，泡溫泉、吃山核桃、竹筏漂流等當地旅游行程單上，2020年10月又添一站：8300文化體驗中心。

50年前建廠于此的國營8300廠，保留了當地現存規(guī)模最大的工業(yè)遺存，有69棟建筑，占地12萬多平方米。20世紀80年代末，這座無線電工廠從山坳里搬進了城市，這些廠房便成了中國快速工業(yè)化進程中眾多工業(yè)遺存之一。

如今，中國很多城市的政府增強了保護歷史文化遺產的意識。這個由廢棄無線電工廠改造而成的文化體驗中心便是又一次新嘗試。

軍用收音機、老式電臺、老照片這些具有時代印記的物品與山核桃、筍干、雞血石這些當地特產共同陳列在老廠房內，喚起人們歷史記憶的同時，又為當地帶來可觀的收入。

1990年初，當殷松卿坐著最后一輛拉滿設備的貨車駛離這座大山時，他未曾想到，這些被拋棄的工業(yè)時代的建造物日后能煥發(fā)新生，帶給他巨大驚喜和溫暖的回憶。

從17歲進廠工作，結婚生子，直到退休，這座工廠見證了殷松卿大半人生往事。

“8300文化體驗中心”正式對外開放的第一天，已經68歲的殷松卿帶著妻子回到這里，看著曾經工作過的廠房，在大山工廠里生活工作的記憶瞬間涌上心頭。

“這些老建筑和當年一樣，來到這里像回家?！币笏汕湔f，他曾是一名機械工，他工作過的車間如今成了科技館。

殷松卿也是最早一批幫助完成遺跡改造項目的工廠老員工之一。當得知當地政府希望把工廠遺址變成一處鄉(xiāng)村旅游景點后，他發(fā)動了近200名老職工，翻箱倒柜地找出老物件、老照片捐出來用于展示。

58歲的梁聞雁在互聯(lián)網上買了幾部已經在市場上被淘汰的華美牌電臺，這個牌子是50年前8300廠生產的，他和他的父親都曾在這里工作過。

這座工廠被視為一代人的生活記憶和情感載體。

1970年，梁聞雁跟隨父母從400多公里外的浙江溫州來到這鎮(zhèn)郊的山谷里，在這里讀書、生活，高中畢業(yè)后和自己父親一樣，進入工廠成為一名電臺的裝配工。

“50年前，來自五湖四海的創(chuàng)業(yè)者、建設者在武隆山下白手起家，艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)，20年后我們搬離了大山，但我和父輩們的青春都留在了這里?！绷郝勓阏f。

這座重生的工廠，也給當地的旅游注入新的活力。

漫步在“8300文化體驗中心”，一邊是承載著滄桑歲月的水泥磚墻，一邊是陳列著精巧工藝品的露天市集。網絡主播在廠房的直播間里向網友直播賣山里的農產品。這是當地政府的創(chuàng)意，通過重新規(guī)劃和保護性開發(fā)，還原舊時風貌，留存集體記憶，注入文創(chuàng)元素，拉動旅游。

“8300廠當年有一定知名度，利用它的工業(yè)遺跡，可以吸引更多的人來參觀休閑，也讓當地特色農產品得到更多銷售機會。”殷松卿說。

在當地政府看來，工業(yè)遺跡改造是建筑景觀設計與城市規(guī)劃領域的一項頗富趣味又極具價值的工作。“我們這里展陳的內容包括62類臨安農特產、8大類臨安非遺作品和300多件原8300廠老物件?！边z址改造項目負責方國興集團總經理毛光旭說。他希望，未來能把這里打造成當地最大規(guī)模的線下鄉(xiāng)土產品展示中心、最大的公益直播平臺和最大的直播培訓基地。

看似毫無生命的廢棄廠房，與老員工以及各方游客聯(lián)系在了一起。這一切，正契合當地政府的理念：工業(yè)遺跡反映出一個地區(qū)從過去到現在的途徑，也為走向未來提供范例。

Industrial Antique：Now a Cultural Landmark

By Wei Donghua Tan Jin

The factory has a mysterious name： the State-Run 8300 Factory. It was set up in 1970 in the Wulong Range， part of present-day Linan， a mountain district of Hangzhou， capital of Zhejiang in eastern China. The factory made radio equipments.

The factory ceased to operate toward the late 1980s as its operation was moved back to the city， leaving behind 69 factory buildings. The factory site in the mountains is testimony to the fast industrialization in the past 40 years.

In October 2020， the factory makes its biggest comeback： it becomes a must-visit on local tourism itineraries. Its new name maintains some mysterious element at first glance： The Center for Cultural Experience of 8300.

Retired employees of the factory helped to make the factorys revival possible. Yin Songqing is one of the veteran employees of the factory that helped set up the center.

Yin Songqing left the factory in the early 1990， sitting in the last truck that carried the last batch of factory equipment. On that day， he didnt know he would come back and see the rebirth of the factory buildings. He started to work in the factory at 17. He got married and had children and retired. A big part of his life was associated with the factory. Yin and his wife revisited the industrial complex on the day the center was launched. The 68-year-old retiree witnessed how his memories of the past life at the factory became vividly alive again. “These buildings look unchanged. They are like home，” says Yin. The workshop where he worked as a mechanic is now a museum of science and technology.

Yins participation in the revival of the factory compound took place long before the site was restored. After learning that the local government intended to turn the factory buildings into a tourist attraction， Yin took action. He called nearly 200 colleagues of the factory to see if they had objects that could be donated to the new center. They donated generously.

The 58-year-old Liang Wenyan purchased a number of old-time radio sets， which were produced in the 8300 factory about 50 years ago. Liang and his father spent 20 years working for the factory. Quite a lot of employees of the factory were from other parts of the country.

The factory buildings now serve as a big exhibition center. On display are 62 lines of local produces， eight varieties of intangible cultural heritage products of Linan， and over 300 objects from the 8300 Factory. A part of the factory now serves as a space where e-commerce dealers live stream their products to consumers in the outside world.

The local government hopes that the factory buildings can become a large exhibition center， the largest live streaming platform and the biggest training center for cultivating broadcasters of live streaming projects.