踝關(guān)節(jié)骨折診斷應(yīng)用X線檢查臨床療效分析

徐龍超

[摘要] 目的 探討對于踝關(guān)節(jié)骨折患者采取X線檢查診斷的臨床療效。方法 便利選取在該院收治的100例疑似踝關(guān)節(jié)骨折作為該次的研究對象，經(jīng)確診80例踝關(guān)節(jié)骨折患者，2018年6月—2019年6月是收治時間，均實(shí)施X線診斷方法，以三維CT為最終診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并對比檢查結(jié)果，以此判定X線的診斷效果。結(jié)果 結(jié)果表明，100例疑似踝關(guān)節(jié)骨折患者，經(jīng)三維CT確診的有80例，X線檢查的敏感度為97.50%，特異度為90.00%，漏診率為2.50%，誤診率為10.00%。且準(zhǔn)確率是6.0%（96/100），其中經(jīng)X線出現(xiàn)漏診2例（2.50%），分別是內(nèi)踝1例、外踝骨折1例。結(jié)論 對于踝關(guān)節(jié)骨折患者采取X線診斷具有較好的效果，可為臨床中制定醫(yī)療方案提供有力的證據(jù)，其具有較高的準(zhǔn)確率，但需注意的是在實(shí)施X線診斷時需排除藥膏、敷料等異物，還需仔細(xì)觀察X線片，結(jié)合自身的臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)考慮多方面的影響，以此決定判斷，才可提高診斷的準(zhǔn)確率。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 踝關(guān)節(jié)骨折;X線檢查;診斷準(zhǔn)確率;漏診率

[中圖分類號] R4 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼] A ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號] 1674-0742（2020）07（a）-0008-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of X-ray diagnosis for patients with ankle fractures. Methods 100 suspected ankle fractures admitted to the hospital were selected as the research object. 80 patients with ankle fractures were convenient diagnosed. The time from June 2018 to June 2019 was the time of admission. X-ray diagnosis methods were implemented. Three-dimensional CT is used as the final diagnostic criterion， and the examination results are compared to determine the diagnostic effect of X-ray. Results The results showed that of the 100 suspected ankle fractures， 80 were diagnosed by three-dimensional CT. The sensitivity of X-ray examination was 97.50%， the specificity was 90.00%， the missed diagnosis rate was 2.50%， and the misdiagnosis rate was 10.00%. The accuracy rate was 6.0% （60/100）， of which 2 cases（2.50%） were missed by X-ray， 1 case of medial malleolus and 1 case of lateral malleolus fracture. Conclusion The use of X-ray diagnosis for patients with ankle fracture has better results， which can provide strong evidence for the formulation of medical treatment plans in the clinic and has a high accuracy rate. However， it should be noted that foreign bodies such as ointments and dressings need to be excluded in the implementation of X-ray diagnosis， and it is also necessary to carefully observe X-ray films and consider the effects of various aspects in combination with one's own clinical experience before making a decision to improve the accuracy rate of the diagnosis.

[Key words] Ankle fracture; X-ray examination; Diagnosis accuracy rate; Missed diagnosis rate

踝關(guān)節(jié)是機(jī)體重要的關(guān)節(jié)，可對人體完成站立、下蹲、行走及跑跳等指令進(jìn)行保證，也是保障機(jī)體活動質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵，因踝關(guān)節(jié)具有較高的活動頻率，且位置較為特殊，其發(fā)生病變或障礙的概率較其他關(guān)節(jié)更高[1]，是臨床骨科中常見的關(guān)節(jié)損傷。有研究表明，踝關(guān)節(jié)的損傷占比全身骨折損傷的5%～10%[2]，老年女性及青年男性為高發(fā)人群，對于患者的生活質(zhì)量造成嚴(yán)重威脅，若踝關(guān)節(jié)損傷未得到及時的診療將導(dǎo)致踝關(guān)節(jié)障礙，甚至形成反復(fù)性損傷，導(dǎo)致患者無法進(jìn)行正常的肢體功能，因此在臨床中對于踝關(guān)節(jié)損傷實(shí)施及時的診斷是十分重要的[3]。該文旨在探索踝關(guān)節(jié)骨折診斷應(yīng)用X線檢查臨床療效分析，便利選取在該院2018年6月—2019年6月期間接受治療的100例疑似踝關(guān)節(jié)骨折患者作為研究對象，均對其實(shí)施X線診斷，觀察其效果，現(xiàn)報道如下。