主題語境六：個(gè)人情感

蔣建平

在日常生活中，每個(gè)人都會有各種各樣的情緒。因此，學(xué)會用英語表達(dá)情感，是英語學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)重要內(nèi)容。課標(biāo)中“個(gè)人情感”主題涉及的主要內(nèi)容有：（1）Describing feelings（happy， sad， angry， upset， pleased， proud， lonely， worried， nervous， afraid， etc.）;（2）Expressing emotions（smiling， laughing， crying， shouting， etc.）;（3）Describing facial expressions and gestures。

針對高考英語書面表達(dá)對“個(gè)人情感”主題的考查，高考命題人可能會要求考生敘述發(fā)生在身邊的一件事，并表達(dá)自己的情感，以及描述考生在學(xué)校所參加的一次活動(dòng)，并談?wù)勛约旱捏w會等。

Using social media makes people more lonely

A latest study revealed that social media use increases depression and loneliness. A University of Pennsylvania study has proven that 1.（reduce） social media use to 10 minutes a day can help reduce depression and loneliness.

In order to better understand 2.social media may be connected to loneliness， we must first recognize that it is not a simple equation. Just 3.there are a variety of reasons why one may use social media， there are different ways in which social media could be fostering loneliness. The 4.（easy） of accessibility may be causing us to connect more in the digital realm， but 5.（connect） from the world around us. In a survey exploring social media patterns， it 6.（turn） out that individuals who spent more time on social media every day felt lonelier than those who spent less time 7.（engage） in social media. 8.（additional）， those who spent more time on social media in a given week felt more isolated than those who checked their social media less.

An increase 9. social media use has been associated with increased distractibility and sleep disturbances. Researchers at the University of British Columbia found that even seemingly mild distractions from a buzzing phone could cause individuals 10.（experience） a decrease of present enjoyment.

使用社交媒體會讓人更加孤獨(dú)

一項(xiàng)最新研究顯示，社交媒體的使用會增加抑郁和孤獨(dú)感。賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究證明，將社交媒體的使用時(shí)間減少到每天10分鐘，有助于減少抑郁和孤獨(dú)感。

為了更好地理解社交媒體是如何與孤獨(dú)聯(lián)系在一起的，我們必須首先認(rèn)識到它不是一個(gè)簡單的等式。正如人們使用社交媒體的原因有很多種一樣，社交媒體也可以通過不同的方式培養(yǎng)孤獨(dú)感。易訪問性可能導(dǎo)致我們在數(shù)字領(lǐng)域連接更多，但與我們周圍的世界脫節(jié)。在一項(xiàng)探索社交媒體模式的調(diào)查中，結(jié)果顯示每天花更多時(shí)間在社交媒體上的人比花更少時(shí)間在社交媒體上的人更會感到孤獨(dú)。此外，那些在一周內(nèi)花更多時(shí)間在社交媒體上的人比那些較少查看社交媒體的人感到更加孤獨(dú)。

社交媒體使用的增加與分心和睡眠障礙的增加有關(guān)。不列顛哥倫比亞大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是來自如嗡嗡作響（開了振動(dòng)）的手機(jī)這種看似溫和的干擾，也可能導(dǎo)致個(gè)人在當(dāng)下體驗(yàn)到享受的減少。

素材積累

（一）閱讀詞匯整合（明其義）

【核心單詞】

1. desire n. & v. 渴望

2. disappoint v. 使失望

3. expect v. 預(yù)料;盼望;認(rèn)為

4. pleasure n. 高興;愉快

5. confused adj. 困惑的;糊涂的;混亂的

6. painful adj. 痛苦的;疼痛的

7. regret v. 后悔;惋惜?regretful adj. 令人惋惜的;后悔的

8. argue v. 爭辯;爭論?argument n. 理由;依據(jù);爭論;爭辯

9. astonish v. 使驚訝?astonishing adj. 令人驚訝的?astonished adj. 感到驚訝的?astonishment n. 驚奇;驚訝

【高頻短語】

1. at ease 舒適;自在

2. be in high/low spirits 情緒高漲/低落

3. believe in sb 信任某人

4. burst into laughter/tears 突然笑起來/哭起來

5. look up to 尊敬;敬仰

6. look down upon/on 看不起;輕視

7. be tired of/ be fed up with 對……感到厭煩

8. be anxious about 對……感到焦慮

9. be satisfied with 對……感到滿意

10. let sb down 讓某人感到失望

【主題整合】

焦慮與恐懼

1. anxious adj. 焦慮的;渴望的?anxiety n. 憂慮;擔(dān)心

2. stressful adj. 有壓力的

3. panic n. & v. 驚慌

4. frighten/terrify v. 使驚嚇?frightened/terrified adj. 害怕的?frightening/terrifying adj. 恐怖的;可怕的

5. under stress/pressure 在壓力下;倍感壓力

6. be worried about/worry about 擔(dān)心……

憤怒與悲傷

1. angry adj. 發(fā)怒的;憤怒的?anger n. 怒氣;憤怒

2. annoying adj. 令人討厭的;令人煩惱的?annoyed adj. 惱怒的;煩悶的?annoy v. 使惹惱

3. depressed adj. 情緒低落的;抑郁的?depression n. 沮喪;抑郁（癥）?depress v. 使沮喪

4. sorrow n. 悲痛;傷心事

5. in anger/angrily 生氣地;發(fā)怒地

6. be annoyed at 因……而惱怒

7. be disappointed at/by sth 對某事表示失望?be disappointed in/with sb 對某人感到失望

愉快與滿足

1. delighted adj. 輕松的;欣喜的?delightful adj. 令人輕松（愉快）的

2. satisfied adj. 滿意的?satisfaction n. 滿足;欣慰?satisfy v. 使?jié)M足

3. be confident in sb 對某人有信心

be confident of sth 對某事有信心

4. be optimistic about 對……樂觀

5. be pleased with 對……感到高興

（二）寫作詞匯運(yùn)用（悉其用）

根據(jù)漢語提示或所給單詞的正確形式完成句子。

1. I （convince） that 10% of my life is what happens to me and 90% is how I react to it.

2. This experience has also taught me that （只要） I never give up and keep trying， I can succeed.

3. As a student she lived very（economical）， rarely going out and buying very few clothes.

4. （更糟糕的是）， I was too anxious to seek the fundamental reason for my failure.

5. （persuade） to change my attitude， I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well.

6. She hoped the different ethnic groups in the area could live together in （peace） coexistence.

7. You give up complete control， but you also get （分享你生活的奇妙） with other human beings， something Id never give up.

8. I am always grateful to my parents， because they not only gave me life， but also brought me up with selfless love and support，（感到非常自豪） my every tiny bit of progress.

9. （不管我怎么努力）， I just couldnt catch up with others.

10. （只有那時(shí)我才意識到）that I was not studying maths in a scientific way.

（三）核心句型表達(dá)（精于表）

根據(jù)要求翻譯下列句子。

1. 我對今晚不能去參加你的生日聚會感到遺憾。

譯法一：（含賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句;regret）

譯法二：（用I am sorry that...句式）

譯法三：（用I am sorry but...句式）

2. 請?jiān)徫夷翘觳晦o而別。

譯法一：（祈使句;excuse）

譯法二：（陳述句;owe sb an apology for）

3. 任何語言都無法表達(dá)我對你的無私幫助的感激之情。

譯法一：（簡單句;beyond description）

譯法二：（含比較結(jié)構(gòu);appreciate）

知識維度診斷評價(jià)

Ⅰ. 單句填空

1. Yesterday， I received your present， a useful electronic dictionary， very（unexpected） and excitedly.

2. Believe it or not，you sent me is the very electronic dictionary I am anxious for.

3. Im sure this electronic dictionary must begreat help to my English learning.

4. Thank you for your（time） help and fine present， and I will work harder at English in return.

5. I had suchunforgettable experience when I was in junior school.

6. I almost lost heart when we had a new maths teacher， Mr Hu， who talked with me now and then，（tell） me the ways to learn maths and encouraging me to keep on trying.

7. With his help， I was doing a little better gradually， and one year later， I made?（amaze） progress.

8. The most important thing you can do（convince） people of your point of view is be a good example as much as possible.

9. When people understand your motivation， they can start to get on board， or at least stop feeling so（threaten）.

10. Once you can release the need to control， youll find much more（happy）.

Ⅱ. 單句改錯(cuò)

1. If you are free this summer holiday， Id like you come to my home and study English together.

2. I was doing bad in maths at that time.

3. The best way to educate others is， I believe， for your good example.

4. Just show how to do it can be a powerful tool indeed.

5. When they see how great it is for you， how happily it makes you and all the great things it brings into your life， theyll move closer and closer to your way.

6. One of the first things I did with Eva was asking for her support.

7. You cant force people to read or watch， but you can make them by setting a good example.

8. One of the most common frustration comes when people try to control other people， or force them to change.

9. You can try to control others， but there will always be a struggle， and youll always fail in some degree.

10. If you cant get support with some people in your life， find it elsewhere if possible.

Ⅲ. 語篇填詞

選用所給單詞的正確形式填空，使短文意思完整。

In the tenth grade， I began volunteering at a veterinary hospital that 1. by a friend in order to get experience for what I thought would be my future job. As it turned out， the experience I 2. at the hospital taught me the opposite—that my future was not in veterinary medicine. However， there was one particular Saturday morning that taught me something maybe 3..

The hospital was in the middle of one of the poorer sections of the city and we 4. had people come in who just could not pay for the most basic treatments. On this Saturday a man and his young son， who was probably about 7 years old， walked in with a small cat in a cardboard box. I remember the cat had an eye infection but the man could not afford 5. for the cost of the medicine in addition to the exam. When he asked where the nearest animal shelter was， his son cried and started to argue with his father. Out of the blue an older woman who then 6. in the waiting room stood up， walked up to the counter， and told the man that she would pay for anything that he could not afford. The man thanked her and the son got to keep a 7. cat.

I had always thought it was the right thing 8. out a needy person， but only saw people perform acts of 9. on TV or in movies. The woman in the vets office taught me that these things do happen in real life， and should happen more often. When I am 10. to be the first person to help someone who is in need， I remember this woman， and have the courage to step up to the plate. Sometimes other people follow.

素養(yǎng)維度發(fā)展評價(jià)（見第57～59頁）