如何理解一篇難讀懂的文章

Grace Fleming 景一

我們都遇到過一些讀不懂的文章，這有很多原因。有時我們讀的話題簡單但乏味;有時我們試圖閱讀的那些材料的難度比我們現(xiàn)有的閱讀水平高。

如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)有一篇文章讀了好幾遍都不明白，可以試著采取以下步驟。

1. Read the introduction and reflect. 閱讀前言并反思。

Any nonfiction1 article or book will have an introduction part that gives an overview of the main points. Read this first， then stop， and think. Every writer has a certain theme or point of view， and that will be introduced in your introduction.

任何非小說類的文章或書籍都會有一個介紹性的部分，概述主要觀點。先讀這個，然后停下來，想一想。每個作者都有一個特定的主題或觀點，這會出現(xiàn)在你書籍或文章的前言中。

2. Look at the subheadings2. 看看小標題。

Writers begin the writing process with an outline. The subheadings or subtitles you see in your text show you how the writer started when organizing his/her thoughts.

作者是從提綱開始寫作的。你在文本中看到的副標題向你展示了作者是如何開始組織自己的想法的。

3. Read the summary and reflect. 閱讀小結(jié)并反思。

Flip to the back of the chapter and read the summary. This reiteration3 of the main points may offer the material in more depth or from a different viewpoint.

翻到章節(jié)的后面閱讀小結(jié)。這些要點的重復可以提供更深入的材料或不同角度的看法。

4. Read the material. 閱讀材料。

Now that youve had time to understand the points the writer is trying to tell， youre more apt4 to recognize them when they come along.

既然你已經(jīng)有了時間去理解作者試圖表達的觀點，那么當它們出現(xiàn)時，你就更容易認出它們。

5. Take notes. 做筆記。

Take notes and， if possible， make a brief outline as you read. Some people like to underline words or points in pencil.

要做筆記。如果可能的話，在閱讀的時候做一個摘要。有些人喜歡用鉛筆在單詞或要點下面劃線。

6. Watch for lists. 注意列舉。

Always look for code words that tell you a list is coming. If you see a passage that says “There were three major effects of this event， and they all...” or something similar， you can be sure there is a list following. Always find them and make note of them.

每次找找能告訴你將開始進行列舉的關鍵詞。如果你看到一篇文章說“這次事件有三大影響，它們都……”，或者類似的話，你就可以肯定下面會有列舉。每次找到這些關鍵詞并記錄下來。

7. Look up words you dont understand. 查不懂的單詞。

Dont be in a rush！ Stop whenever you see a word that you cant define at once in your own words or difficult to guess.

別著急！當你看到一個不能立即用自己的話來定義，或者很難猜出詞義的詞時，再停下來。

8. Go back and check the highlighted points. 回顧并查找突出顯示的觀點。

Once you get to the end of the piece， go back and review the notes youve made. Look over the important words， points， and lists. Repetition is the key to retaining information.

當你讀完文章后，回顧和復習所做的筆記。要復習重要的單詞、要點和列表。重復是記住信息的關鍵。

9. Review the introduction and summary. 回顧前言和小結(jié)。

When you do， you may find that youve understood more than you realized.

當你這樣做的時候，你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)你所理解的比你意識到的要多。

提示

1. Dont be hard on yourself. If this is hard for you， its probably just as hard for other students in your class.

2. Dont try to read in a noisy environment. Its not a good idea when attempting difficult reading.

3. Talk to others who are reading the same material， and ask advice from others.

4. Dont give up！

1. 不要對自己太苛刻。如果這對你來說很難，可能對你班上的其他學生來說也一樣難。

2. 不要試圖在嘈雜的環(huán)境中閱讀。在嘗試閱讀難懂的內(nèi)容時，這不是一個好主意。

3. 與在閱讀相同材料的人交談，向別人請教。

4. 不要放棄！

（英語原文選自：www.thoughtco.com）