奧運(yùn)會(huì)的歷史

孫啟祿

四年一度的奧運(yùn)會(huì)是舉世矚目的體育盛會(huì)。但是，你知道古代奧運(yùn)會(huì)的起源嗎？

難詞探意

1. champion /?t??mpi?n/ n. 冠軍;第一名

2. legend /?led??nd/ n. 傳說(shuō)

3. contestant /k?n?test?nt/ n. 比賽者

4. spectator /spek?te?t?（r）/ n. 觀看者;觀眾

5. decline /d??kla?n/ v. 下降;衰退

6. dedication /?ded??ke??n/ n. 獻(xiàn)身;奉獻(xiàn)

As is known to all， the first modern Olympics were held in 1896， but the history of the Olympics in Greece dates back to much earlier time.

The first written records of the ancient Olympic Games date to 776 BC， when a cook named Coroebus won the only event—a 192?meter footrace called the stade （the origin of the modern stadium）—to become the first Olympic champion. However， it is generally believed that the Games had been going on for many years by that time. Legend has it that Heracles （the Roman Hercules）， son of Zeus and the mortal woman Alcmene， founded the Games， which by the end of the 6th century BC had become the most famous of all Greek sporting festivals. Contestants came from a dozen or more Greek cities， and by the 5th century BC from as many as 100 cities， from throughout the Greek Empire.

Like the Summer Olympics of today， the ancient Olympics were held every four years. One of the main features of the ancient Olympics was the Olympic truce（休戰(zhàn)）. The truce meant that all wars were stopped， so that athletes and spectators could compete and travel in peace. Thousands of people from all over the Greek world came to watch.

At first， Olympic competition was limited to foot races， but later a number of other events were added， including wrestling， boxing， horse and chariot racing， and military competitions. The ancient pentathlon（五項(xiàng)全能運(yùn)動(dòng)）， introduced in 708 BC， consisted of foot race， long jump， discus and javelin throws， and wrestling. With the rise of Rome， the Olympics declined， and in 393 AD the Roman emperor Theodosius Ⅰ， a Christian， abolished the Games as part of his efforts to suppress（壓制） paganism（異教信仰） in the Roman Empire.

The ancient Olympics existed until 393 AD. But the modern Olympics are still going strong. “The Olympics gather athletes from around the world，” said Sue Macy， author of a new National Geographic book， Swifter， Higher， Stronger： A Photographic History of the Summer Olympics. “Its so much bigger today.”

“You should pay attention not just to the winners but to the people who dont win the gold medal. Think about the hard work they did and the dedication，” Macy said.

ReadingCheck

1. Why were the ancient Olympics special？

A. They were held every four years.

B. They were the most famous festivals.

C. They stopped wars between countries.

D. They had many military competitions.

2. What does the underlined word “abolished” in Para. 4 most probably mean？

A. Promoted. B. Improved. C. Hosted. D. Ended.

3. What suggestion did Sue Macy give to us？

A. Paying attention to the gold medals.

B. Considering how people can win gold medals.

C. Focusing on those who win good medals.

D. Relating to the losers in the game.

Sentence for writing

As is known to all， the first modern Olympics were held in 1896， but the history of the Olympics in Greece dates back to much earlier time. 眾所周知，第一屆現(xiàn)代奧運(yùn)會(huì)是于1896年舉行的，但希臘奧運(yùn)會(huì)的歷史可以追溯到更早的時(shí)候。

【信息提取】本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，as引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，同時(shí)as在句中作主語(yǔ)。date back to意為“追溯到……”。

【句式仿寫】眾所周知，北京是一座擁有三千年歷史的城市。