ABSTRACTS

(1)Ethicsandmorals:thebasisofmoralobligation

Both theApologyofSocratesand Eichmann′s self-defense discuss at length the basis and reasonableness of moral obligation. Hegel observed that there are two aspects to obligation: ethics and morals. The former refers to the social norms and the latter means the power of conscience. In a modern society with rule of law, the basis of moral obligation is both ethical and moral though ethics slightly outweighs morals.

(2)TheSpiritualHomeof‘thePost-LandscapeEra’

FanHao·15·

Most of the colorful human civilization in history is closely related to the geographical environment with the landscape as cultural symbols. In this sense, all the previous civilizations can be called "the landscape civilization". Nowadays the world is facing a "high" era, i.e. the high technology, the high-speed rail, the highway, the information highway, which constantly pushing down all the boundary monuments of the landscape. "The Post-landscape Era" is coming. The landscape is the Eden of the civilization and also the heaven barrier of the civilization. In the landscape era, human beings have accumulated the momentum to span all the landscape in the spiritual world; "in the post-landscape era", the landscape in the natural world has faded away, while the spiritual world has had severe ravines. In the process of civilization, the cultural questioning and gene decoding of three historical events with the significance of crossing the landscape have an important role in warning the opening of the post-landscape civilization. Is Journey to the West a tragedy or a comedy? Why don't we have national clothes? Why did Jobs "die"? These three events run through the transformation of ancient, modern and contemporary civilizations, and respectively interprets the cultural code of the spiritual world, the life world and the communication world. They are the three cultural heritage cases in the landscape era, as well as three cultural warnings. The three cultural questions are focused on one serious topic: how to find a home in the post-landscape era? The relationship between "managing the mind" and "ruling the world" in the national cultural strategy, the dialectic between "the axis civilization" and "the axis thinking" in the cultural rationality, and the ecological interaction between the technology and the humanity, are the three theoretical and practical frontiers in the construction of human spiritual home in the post-landscape era.

(3)MisconceptionsaboutLao-ZhuangphilosophyandWei-Jinmetaphysics

WANGShao-jun·28·

Lao-Zhuang philosophy believes that Tao allows things to exist and grow instead of determining them, from which it puts forward the concept ofYou(有). Guo Xiang, a prominent figure of Wei-Jin metaphysics, misunderstood the relationship between metaphysical ontology and things. When some modern researchers interpreted Lao-Zhuang philosophy and Wei-Jin metaphysics from the perspective of western philosophy, they erroneously concluded thatYouwas raised by Guo Xiang. As a result, they credited Guo Xiang with discoveringyouwhich however is inherent in Lao-Zhuang philosophy.

(4)ThethoughtofZiShenginLieh-tzu

YANGTing-song·34·

ZiShengis a key concept inLieh-tzu, meaning growing without outside interference. Its meaning is three-fold: transformation, intelligence and extinction. This definition is distinct fromZiShengin general sense in that it puts emphasis on both birth and growth.

(5)Self-accelerationeffectandtradefrictions:acasestudyofSino-UStradefriction

YUZhen，JIANGYi-xin·40·

Based on the two-level game framework, this paper argues that expanding imports from the initiator of trade frictions will aggravate rather than alleviate trade frictions and then produce self-acceleration effect. We conduct a case study of Sino-US trade friction by analyzing the manufacturing data matched by WIOD and GAD in 2000-2014. We have the following results: the greater the shock of import competition on industries without export advantage is, the more trade friction cases we find that are initiated by industries seeking government protection; increasing imports from the countries that initiate trade frictions cannot effectively alleviate the trade tension, but only to increase the frequency of friction cases and ultimately produce self-acceleration effect. The results warn us that the ongoing Sino-US trade friction might well produce self-acceleration effect. The suggested countermeasures include promoting regional economic cooperation through the Belt and Road Initiative, stimulating domestic demand and pushing through reforms.

(6)China-UStradefriction:aperspectiveofpoliticaleconomy

ZHIYan,LUOChang-yuan·49·

From the perspective of political economy, this paper compares Obama administration with Trump administration in terms of US-China trade friction. The changes of international economic structure, especially the rise ofChina, underlies US suppression of China by means of trade war. We have every reason to believe that more US-China trade frictions are to come. During the Obama administration, the trade war was "secret" in that the US built a "friendship network" through TPP, TTIP, TiSA in the hope of isolating China. China responded by upgrading and signing free trade agreements, especially by establishing free trade zones. China also launched the Belt and Road initiative to reduce the geopolitical pressure imposed by the US. During the Trump administration, the friction is an open war. China has responded by holding import expos, introducing a new foreign investment law, establishing Hainan Free Trade Zone, opening up a new area of Shanghai Free Trade Zone, and building another six free trade zones. US-China trade frictions are a prolonged war. China should take more initiative such as deepening reform and opening up.

(7)Internetandexportproductsquality:evidenceaboutChineseenterprises

LIBin,YUEYun-song·60·

"Internet + trade" promotes trade growth and optimizes import and export structure. Using the heterogeneous enterprise trade theory, this paper empirically analyzes the relationship between the internet and enterprises' export products quality by examining the data aboutChina’s industrial enterprises and Custom. We find that Internet has positive effects on the quality of export products and that the effect is only significant for private and foreign-funded enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises, and firms conducting normal exports.

(8)Exchangeratefluctuation,importedintermediatesqualityandtotalfactorproductivity

SUNShao-qin，ZUOXiang-cao·71·

Based on firm-level micro data of China between 2000 and 2006, this paper studies the effects of RMB real effective exchange rate on the total factor productivity of Chinese enterprises from the perspective of the quality of imported intermediates. The results show that: (1) The real effective exchange rate of RMB, the quality of imported intermediates and the interaction between them are all significantly positive. That is, when RMB real effective exchange rate appreciates, enterprises can improve the total factor productivity level by importing higher-quality intermediates; (2) The level of total factor productivity of enterprises is also affected by the size of enterprises, capital intensity, age of enterprises and FDI. The larger the scale of enterprises is and the more the foreign direct investment is, the higher level the total factor productivity of enterprises has; (3) The regression results of the group sample show that the effect of the real effective exchange rate of the RMB and the quality imported intermediates on the level of total factor productivity varies depending on the enterprise ownership, trade patterns, and the types of import countries.

(9)Somejudicialproblemsonillegalfundraising

PENGXin-lin·81·

It is agreed that illegal fundraising is harmful to the public interest, but in the judicial practice it is difficult to identify complicity, decide between criminal law and civil law，and dispose of property, which to some extent have reduced the effectiveness of crackdown on illegal fundraising. In view of this, we offer the following suggestions. 1. We should seriously consider whether the intention of complicity is illegal possession. 2. The dominance theory of criminal facts helps accurately decide between the principal criminal and the accomplice. 3. We should put criminal law before civil law when handling illegal fundraising crimes. 4. About the dual identities of the participants, we think the participants are special victims.

(10)Logicsbehindtheruleoflawsociety

YANGJian·93·

Society is an embodiment of modernity. The introduction of “society” to China in the late Qing Dynasty entails two questions: how life style has changed in its characteristics and objective laws, and how to achieve modernity in China. The two questions are logically related. Answers to the questions determine the government’s principle behind governance. Theso-called rule of law society proposed by CCP is a healthy modern society that promotes sustainable development and brings in the regulations for government --the administration of modern society. For this reason, adjustments have to be made to meet requirements of the rule of law.

(11)Economicdevelopment,marketizationandincomeinequality:anempiricalanalysisbasedonregionalcross-sectiondata

LIUJing-ming，ZHUMei-jing·101·

Based on Kuznets’ inverted-U curve theory, this paper discusses "growth and inequality" from the perspective of the regional cross-sectional conditions rather than the traditional perspective of long-term trend. Using the data from one-percent national sample census in 2005, it investigates the relationship between income inequality, local economy and marketization. The results show that: (1) The level of economic development and marketization has a strong stabilizing effect on regional internal income inequality. The higher the level of economic development is and the better the institution is, the lower the level of internal income inequality is, and vice versa; (2) The education inequality among the workers within the region provides a strong explanatory power for the income inequality. The higher the degree of education inequality is, the stronger the income inequality is, and vice versa.

(12)Economicopportunities,publicgoodsandvoterturnout:evidenceaboutsomeChinesevillageelections

ZHENGBin-dao,GUYan-feng·115·

This paper examines the voter turnout in some Chinese villages by analyzing a dataset from China Family Panel Studies. The results suggest that the availability of economic opportunities and public goods play a crucial role in villagers’ participation in the elections, and that villagers’ dependence on resources managed by the villagers’ committee is positively correlated with their incentives for voting. The heterogeneous effects model also shows that the effects of economic opportunities and public goods are particularly apparent on villagers whose well-beings are highly dependent on committee’s decisions. The results suggest that we should promote rural economic development and public goods in order to encourage voter turnover in the Chinese villages.

(13)AreinterpretationofcraftsmanshipinancientChinesetexts

XIAYan-jing·125·

The ancient Chinese texts keep a record on craftsmanship and craftsman management. A thorough study on these invaluable historical documents can help us produce more academic results on the history of craftsmanship.

(14)ChinesetraditionalarttheoryintheConfucianclassics

XUXi-wen·137·

The Chinese tradition art theory imparts a sense of continuity in terms of its nature, value and function since the pre-Qin period. However, this also prevents it from innovation. The deconstruction of the Chinese tradition art theory and the introduction of western art theories in the 20thcentury gave rise to the establishment of modern Chinese art science as well as some problems that might come up anytime.