完形填空

先通讀短文，掌握其大意，然后從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個可以填入相應空白處的最佳答案，并將其標號填入題前括號內(nèi)。

（一）

One of my patients， a successful businessman， tells me that before his cancer he would become depressed unless things went a certain way. ___1___ was “having the cookie. If you had the cookie， things were good. If you didnt have the cookie， life wasnt ___2___ a damn[詛咒]. Unfortunately， the cookie kept ___3___. Some of the time it was money， sometimes power， sometimes sex. At ___4___ times， it was the new car， the ___5___ contract， the most prestigious[有威望的] address. A year and a half after his diagnosis[診斷] of cancer he sits ___6___ his head ruefully. “Its like I ___7___ learning how to live after I was a kid. When I give my son a cookie， he is ___8___. If I take the cookie away or it ___9___， he is unhappy. But he is two and a half and I am forty-three. Its taken me this long to ___10___ that the cookie will never make me happy for long. The minute you have the cookie it starts to crumble[碎裂] or you start to ___11___ it crumbling or about someone trying to take it away from you. You know， you have to ___12___ a lot of things to take care of the cookie， to keep it from crumbling and be ___13___ that no one takes it away from you. You may not even get a chance to eat it ___14___ you are so busy just trying not to lose it. Having the cookie is not what life is about.”

My patient ___15___ and says cancer has changed him. For the first time he is happy. No matter if his ___16___ is doing well or not， no matter if he wins or loses at golf. “Two years ago， cancer asked me， ‘Okay， whats important？ What is ___17___ important？ Well， life is important. Life. Life， ___18___ you can have it， life with the cookie， life without the cookie. Happiness does not have ___19___ to do with the cookie; it has to do with being alive. Before， who made the time？” He ___20___ thoughtfully. “Damn， I guess life is the cookie.”

（ ）1. A. Weakness B. Sadness C. Happiness D. Tiredness

（ ）2. A. worth B. waste C. cost D. afford

（ ）3. A. staying B. saying C. living D. changing

（ ）4. A. another B. others C. other D. the other

（ ）5. A. most B. biggest C. lowest D. deepest

（ ）6. A. pressing B. shocking C. nodding D. shaking

（ ）7. A. stopped B. admitted C. wished D. enjoyed

（ ）8. A. surprise B. happy C. disappointed D. angry

（ ）9. A. blends B. hits C. breaks D. knocks

（ ）10. A. explain B. understand C. research D. discover

（ ）11. A. care about B. bring about C. think about D. worry about

（ ）12. A. give up B. build up C. clear up D. keep up

（ ）13. A. complete B. true C. sure D. suitable

（ ）14. A. so B. until C. if D. because

（ ）15. A. cries B. replies C. laughs D. quarrels

（ ）16. A. business B. happiness C. study D. analyse

（ ）17. A. almost B. pretty C. really D. usually

（ ）18. A. any more B. any way C. any old D. any one

（ ）19. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything

（ ）20. A. troubles B. pauses C. disturbs D. introduce

（二）

In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts say the ___1___ is to make jobs more varied[多樣的]. But do more varied jobs ___2___ greater productivity？ There is evidence to suggest that ___3___variety certainly makes the workers life more enjoyable， it doesnt ___4___ make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned， then， ___5___ is not an important factor.

Other experts feel that giving the worker___6___ to do his job in his own way is important， and there is no doubt that this is true. The ___7___ is that this kind of freedom cant easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated[復雜的] machinery which must be used in a ___8___ way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important， there is usually very little that can be done to ___9___ it.

Another important ___10___ is how much each worker ___11___ to the product he is making. In most factories the worker ___12___ only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now ___13___ with having many small production lines rather than one large one， so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his___14___. It would seem that not only is degree of worker contribution an important factor ___15___ it is one we can do something about.

To what___16___ does more money lead to greater productivity？ The workers themselves certainly think this is ___17___. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. ___18___ just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A ___19___ argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we ___20___ making their jobs more interesting， they will neither want more money， nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.

（ ）1. A. answer B. course C. attempt D. system

（ ）2. A. run across B. lead to C. result from D. pick up

（ ）3. A. because B. as C. while D. as though

（ ）4. A. mentally B. physically C. carefully D. actually

（ ）5. A. variety B. relaxation C. creativity D. machinery

（ ）6. A. judgement B. freedom C. direction D. comfort

（ ）7. A. secret B. skill C. problem D. strength

（ ）8. A. amusing B. dull C. changeable D. fixed

（ ）9. A. use B. create C. supply D. fear

（ ）10. A. measure B. invention C. consideration D. work

（ ）11. A. lie B. sticks C. objects D. contributes

（ ）12. A. likes B. equips C. transports D. sees

（ ）13. A. tired B. pleased C. worrying D. experimenting

（ ）14. A. own B. will C. line D. hand

（ ）15. A. but B. and C. so D. however

（ ）16. A. extent B. quality C. store D. difference

（ ）17. A. natural B. important C. worrying D. unbelievable

（ ）18. A. Rest B. Sports C. Money D. Playing

（ ）19. A. complete B. friendly C. give D. similar

（ ）20. A. advise B. succeed in C. object to D. are tried of

參考答案與解析

（一）

本文講述了小甜餅的含義，如果你擁有了小甜餅，一切都一帆風順，但是小甜餅總是不斷變換著它的角色，像是金錢、權力和欲望。有時為了防止它破碎或者確定別人不會從你手中奪走它，你不得不放棄許多東西。所以擁有小甜餅并不是生活的全部內(nèi)容

1. C。由下一句If you had the cookie， things were good，可知此處應指擁有小甜餅是一種幸福（happiness）。weakness意為“軟弱，弱點”，sadness意為“悲哀”，tiredness意為“疲勞”。

2. A。worth意為“值得”，waste意為“浪費”，cost意為“花費”，afford意為“負擔的起”，此處應為life wasnt worth a damn，意思是生活一文不值。

3. C。從Some of the time it was money， sometimes power， sometimes sex，可知此處指小甜餅一直處在不聽改變中，

4. B。other意為“其他的”，符合此處語境。another表示“另一的”，后面應接單數(shù)名詞，故排除，the other表示“剩下的”，是兩個其中的“另一個”，others表示“有些”，與some相對。

5. D。contract指“核桃，契約”，此處應指小甜餅有時表現(xiàn)為一份數(shù)額最大的合同，故答案為D。

6. A。因為被診斷出患有癌癥，從后面的話可以看出當時他很悲觀，所以應是搖（shake）著頭說的。press意為“壓，按”，shock意為“震動”，nod意為“點頭”。

7. C。根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容，此處應指長大以后好像就不知道怎樣生活了，stop learning指“停止了學習”。

8. B。通過后面If I take the cookie away or it ___9___， he is unhappy，可知此處應為happy，兩句表示對比。

9. D。由The minute you have the cookie it starts to crumble（碎裂）可知，此處為與crumble意義相近的詞，幾個選項中，只有break意為“破裂”，符合要求。

10. A。此處應指我花了這么長的時間才明白小甜餅并不能使我長久感到幸福，understand意為“了解，明白”。

11. C。care about意為“關心”，bring about意為“引起，使發(fā)生”，think about意為“思考”，worry about意為“擔心”，這里指擔心小甜餅會碎裂，C項最為符合此處語境。

12. B。give up 表示“放棄”，此處指為了小甜餅不得不放棄許多東西。build up 意為“樹立，增進”，clear up意為“整理，消除”，keep up意為“保持”。

13. D。分析題意。這里應是確定別人不會從你手中奪走它，be sure表示“確信”。

14. A。你甚至沒有時間享受它，因為你一直忙于不讓自己失去它，后一句應是前一句的原因，故答案為because。

15. C。由cancer has changed him和For the first time he is happy可知，此時他是非常樂觀的，因此是笑著說。

16. D。全文第一句One of my patients， a successful businessman可知，這位病人是個商人，此處應指不論他的生意是否一帆風順，故答案選D。

17. B。此處應指什么才是真正重要的，really意為“真正地，實在地”，最為符合此處語境，pretty意為“很，非?！?。

18. A。any more意為“再，還”，any way 意為“無論如何”any old意為“隨便什么……都”，any one意為“任何一個的”，這里意為“無論如何你都擁有生命”最為恰當。

19. D。have something to do with的意思是“與……有關”，其中something可以替代，這里放在否定句中，因此使用anything，表示無關。

20. B。比較幾個選項，trouble意為“使煩惱”，pauses意為“停頓”，disturb意為“擾亂，打攪”，introduce意為“介紹”，從后面的內(nèi)容看，此處應指他若有所思地停頓了一下，故答案為B。

（二）

本文主要是圍繞如何提高工人的生產(chǎn)力展開的。

1. A。前面說“許多國家面臨這種問題，就是如何才能使工人生產(chǎn)力高”，一些專家說“該問題的答案就是使工作多樣性”。

2. B。作者發(fā)出質(zhì)疑，“工作多樣性就能導致更大的生產(chǎn)力嗎”。lead to“導致”。

3. C。由句子it doesnt ___4___ make him work harder可知前面的連詞表示“盡管”之意。

4. D。本句話意思是“有跡象表明盡管多樣性能夠使工人的生活更具有享受性，但實際上它并不能使工人們更努力地工作”。actually“實際上”。

5. A。上面介紹了“多樣性”這個話題，所以現(xiàn)在予以總結(jié)“多樣性不是重要的因素”。

6. B。由后面的解釋to do his job in his own way，可知“這是一種自由的表現(xiàn)形式”。

7. C。本句話中that從句中的內(nèi)容是存在的一個“問題”。

8. D。復雜的機械有一套“固定的”使用方法。fixed“固定的”。

9. B。根據(jù)意思“盡管選擇的自由可能重要，通常不能有為選擇它做什么?！眂reate“做”。

10. C。上文提到“給工人們更多的自由”，這是專家所考慮的一個方案，所以推斷是“另外一個重要的考慮”。

11. D。本句話意思是“另外一個重要的考慮就是每個工人對他生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品貢獻了多少”。

12. D。每個工人只負責產(chǎn)品的某一個環(huán)節(jié)，所以認為“工人只能看到產(chǎn)品的一個部分”。

13. D。提到的作法只不過是一些汽車廠家的實驗。

14. C。由句子Some car factories are now __13___ with having many small production lines rather than one large one可知，所填詞表示“生產(chǎn)線”比較恰當。

15. A。本句話為not only…but （also）結(jié)構(gòu)。

16. A。作者再次提出問題“更多的錢能夠帶來更大的生產(chǎn)率究竟到什么程度”。extent“程度”。

17. B。工人工作主要是為了賺錢，故推斷“他們認為上面的提法很重要”。

18. C。由句子But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. 推測。

19. D?！坝迷黾渝X的方法來提高生產(chǎn)力”與“要求縮短工作時間來提高生產(chǎn)力”具有“相似”之處。

20. B。從“他們既不多要錢，也不想縮短工作時間”，可以推測“是在我們能夠把工作變得更有趣的前提下”。succeed in“成功做某事”。