郭芳華
摘 ?要: 針對傳統(tǒng)的城市住區(qū)規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃范圍小,居民居住舒適度很差,基于知識圖譜設(shè)計一種新的城市住區(qū)規(guī)劃系統(tǒng),對系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件進(jìn)行設(shè)計,給出了硬件結(jié)構(gòu)圖,規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)硬件分為應(yīng)用層、資源層和設(shè)施層,內(nèi)部含有數(shù)據(jù)庫,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)大規(guī)模城市規(guī)劃,利用射頻收發(fā)芯片MKF965設(shè)計可視化顯示器,將規(guī)劃結(jié)果顯示出來。系統(tǒng)軟件由城市模型設(shè)計、規(guī)劃方案設(shè)計、管理方案設(shè)計三部分組成。與傳統(tǒng)城市住區(qū)規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行對比實驗,結(jié)果表明,基于知識圖譜設(shè)計的城市住區(qū)規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)能夠大范圍地規(guī)劃城市結(jié)構(gòu),為居民提供更好的生活條件。
關(guān)鍵詞: 知識圖譜; 城市規(guī)劃; 城市住區(qū); 規(guī)劃系統(tǒng); 綠化規(guī)劃; 景觀規(guī)劃
中圖分類號: TN911.1?34; P208 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼: A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文章編號: 1004?373X(2019)19?0168?05
Abstract: Since the traditional urban settlement planning system has a small planning scope and poor living comfort level of residents, a new urban settlement planning system is designed on the basis of knowledge map. The hardware structure diagram of the system is given, which is composed of application layer, resource layer and facility layer, including a database for large?scale urban planning. The RF transceiving chip MKF965 is adopted to design the visual display for the planning result showing. The system software consists of three parts: urban model design, planning scheme design and management scheme design. It is compared with the traditional urban residential district planning system. The results show that the urban residential district planning system based on knowledge map can plan the urban structure in a large scale and provide residents with better living conditions.
Keywords: knowledge map; urban planning; urban residential area; planning system; greening planning; landscape planning
近年來,我國城市建設(shè)進(jìn)程越來越快,人們對其有著越來越高的要求,城市建立包括三個階段,分別為城市規(guī)劃、城市建設(shè)和城市運行。其中,城市規(guī)劃是城市管理的基礎(chǔ)工作,對整個城市的后期發(fā)展有決定性的意義,因此該階段成為人們重點研究的課題。在對城市進(jìn)行規(guī)劃時,有關(guān)人員必須要有發(fā)展的眼光,通過科學(xué)論證,得到最佳的城市發(fā)展藍(lán)圖,即使規(guī)劃出好的方案,也要不斷修正和改進(jìn),確保規(guī)劃方法符合城市發(fā)展進(jìn)程[1]。
隨著人口的不斷增加,城市規(guī)劃難度也在不斷加大,采用傳統(tǒng)的城市住區(qū)規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)很難滿足現(xiàn)代城市居民的要求。調(diào)查顯示,傳統(tǒng)規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)在一體化管理方面顯現(xiàn)出很大的局限性,很難實現(xiàn)精確管理[2]。知識圖譜能夠?qū)⒁阎闹R以可視化的形式展現(xiàn)出來,不僅能夠顯示知識發(fā)展進(jìn)程,而且能夠表示出各結(jié)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系,通過挖掘、分析、顯示等過程更好地判斷知識之間是否存在聯(lián)系。將知識圖譜應(yīng)用到城市規(guī)劃中對城市的核心結(jié)構(gòu)建立和未來發(fā)展都有很大的好處[3]。
綜上所述,本文基于知識圖譜設(shè)計了一種新的城市住區(qū)規(guī)劃系統(tǒng),分別從硬件和軟件兩個角度探討了系統(tǒng)的建立過程。利用實驗和實證研究探討該系統(tǒng)的工作效果,研究結(jié)果表明,所設(shè)計的系統(tǒng)能夠規(guī)劃出更好的城市結(jié)構(gòu),有助于打造更加綠色、舒適的城市環(huán)境。
1.1 ?總結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計
在傳統(tǒng)的時空信息平臺電子地圖三維模型基礎(chǔ)上,再次整合二三維數(shù)據(jù)。首先建立2DGKS與3DGKS輔助系統(tǒng),提供更好的城市規(guī)劃決策與管理方案,實現(xiàn)查詢、輔助、審批、瀏覽等功能一體化,并采用高端云計算,以B/W為總體架構(gòu),設(shè)計的城市住區(qū)規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)總結(jié)構(gòu)如圖1所示。
觀察圖1可知,城市住區(qū)規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)主要分為三層,分別為基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施層、數(shù)據(jù)資源層與應(yīng)用層?;A(chǔ)設(shè)施層內(nèi)的系統(tǒng)所有硬件軟件設(shè)施以及相關(guān)操作都由再次整合的時空新信息平臺提供。數(shù)據(jù)資源層主要提供基礎(chǔ)地理信息、二三維規(guī)劃、業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)庫。應(yīng)用層主要接收數(shù)據(jù)層2GKS、3GKS引擎提供的數(shù)據(jù),面向城市規(guī)劃市場尋找業(yè)務(wù)需求,提供相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)、城市規(guī)劃決策與相關(guān)服務(wù)鏈接[4]。
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