形成整合效應(yīng)推動(dòng)共建“一帶一路”走深走實(shí)

陳溪　王棟

通過總結(jié)“一帶一路”建設(shè)的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)和理論探索，構(gòu)建中觀層面的整合性理論和政策框架，推動(dòng)共建“一帶一路”向高質(zhì)量縱深發(fā)展。

2018年8月27日，在推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)工作5周年座談會(huì)上，習(xí)近平總書記明確指出：推動(dòng)共建“一帶一路”向高質(zhì)量發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)變，這是下一階段推進(jìn)共建‘一帶一路”工作的基本要求。

要實(shí)現(xiàn)習(xí)近平總書記提出的要求，需要提出整合性的理論和政策框架來協(xié)調(diào)戰(zhàn)略與戰(zhàn)術(shù)目標(biāo)，推動(dòng)共建“一帶一路”走深走實(shí)。選擇優(yōu)先突破區(qū)域，以產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、民生治理為途徑，以區(qū)域融合為目的，構(gòu)建可持續(xù)的金融投資策略，發(fā)展三方或多方合作機(jī)制，形成整合效應(yīng)。

首先，研究區(qū)域比較優(yōu)勢(shì)，聚焦優(yōu)先突破區(qū)域。深入分析“一帶一路”沿線國(guó)家的區(qū)域比較優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)，及支撐規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的本地勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)和供應(yīng)鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展?jié)摿?，選擇重點(diǎn)區(qū)域優(yōu)先突破。

其次，以產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展為關(guān)鍵性途徑、民生治理為支撐性途徑布局。規(guī)劃和建立比較優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)時(shí)，需前瞻考慮向規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)和創(chuàng)新經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)的路徑，降低未來區(qū)域同質(zhì)化競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。鼓勵(lì)政府、企業(yè)和學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)聯(lián)合開展基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)研究、應(yīng)用工程研究和職業(yè)教育，發(fā)展多層次的本地勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)。鼓勵(lì)雙邊或多邊的制造業(yè)和服務(wù)業(yè)企業(yè)推進(jìn)技術(shù)、生產(chǎn)和資本整合，構(gòu)建區(qū)域供應(yīng)鏈。同時(shí)，積極建設(shè)“一帶一路”沿線國(guó)家的傳統(tǒng)民生治理體系，建設(shè)更好公共服務(wù)體驗(yàn)的數(shù)字民生和數(shù)字治理體系。

再次，區(qū)域融合是整合性策略的目的。單一城市布局上升到區(qū)域融合格局，將有利于促進(jìn)市場(chǎng)規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大和城市協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。此外，多方、多渠道的金融投資模式亦值得重視。

最后，通過推動(dòng)三方或多方合作機(jī)制下的資本和產(chǎn)業(yè)聯(lián)合體，將有助于提升“一帶一路”倡議有關(guān)項(xiàng)目的透明性和可持續(xù)性。通過總結(jié)“一帶一路”建設(shè)的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)和理論探索，構(gòu)建中觀層面的整合性理論和政策框架，聚合產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、民生治理、區(qū)域融合、金融投資等要素，推動(dòng)共建“一帶一路”向高質(zhì)量縱深發(fā)展。

BRI can be a boon for emerging economies

By Hu Biliang

The Belt and Road Initiative offers a great opportunity to?emerging market economies to enhance their economic?strength.

First， by participating in the Belt and Road Initiative， the?ycan improve their domestic infrastructure， which in tur can?create more jobs， reduce transportation costs， promote trade?growth and build a solid foundation for rapid economic growth.

Second， by engaging in International?production capacity?cooperation， one of the most important goals of the Belt andRoad Initiative， the emerging market economies can accelerate?their own industrialization process. As China is in the later stage?of industrialization and has the world's largest manufacturing industry?with the strongest production capacity， by cooperating with?China under the framework of the initiative， the emerging?market economies can use Chinese capital， technologies?and market to develop their own industries， and adjust their?economic structure， improve their industrial capacity and?enhance their financial risk resistance capacity.

Third， the emerging market economies can betteruse China's huge market to promote domestic economic?development through the Belt and Road Initiative.

And fourth， by participating in the Belt and Road Initiative，?the emerging market economies can strengthen regional?financial cooperation. In fact， the Asian financial crisis has?made many countries realize the significance of building a?regional financial cooperation framework.

Moreover， China has become the biggest investor in many emerging?countries， and it should use this factor to further deepen cooperation?with those countries under the framework of the Belt and?Road Initiative， which will help improve their financial system?while stabilizing?both the regional and global financial markets.

The author is the director of Emerging Markets Institute， Beiing?Normal University. The article is an excerpt from his speech at a recent seminar?on "Fed rate hike and the impact on the emerging markets" at?the Center for BRICS and Global Governance.