豬年話說漢英詞典中的“豬”（下）

肖福壽

三、與“豬”有關(guān)的三字表達(dá)法

這方面的表達(dá)法，絕大多數(shù)為名詞，不少是專有名詞，只有少量形容詞。具體請見以下例子：

1. 豬八戒? [Lit] Zhubajie， Pigsy [character in the novel Pilgrimage to the West， represented by a pig and symbolizing the baseness in man]

2. 豬背脊? hogback

3. 豬癲瘋? epilepsy

4. 豬肺疫? swine plague

5. 豬肝色? liver colored; yellowish brown; purplish red

6. 豬拱嘴? meat of a pig’s mouth area

7. 豬狗臭? <colloq> body odor （as from armpits）

8. 豬拐子? bent， crooked （like a pig’s leg）

9. 豬爵脊? pork tenderloin

10. 豬流感? swine influenza

11. 豬毛絨? fine pig hair

12. 豬腦子? 1.pig brains [as a food item] 2.<abus> <colloq> thickheaded

13. 豬排骨? pork chop; pork cutlet

14. 豬婆龍? <colloq> Chinese alligator

15. 豬潛艇? submarine chaser

16. 豬舌頭? pig’s tongue [as food item]

17. 豬頭風(fēng)? [Med] epilepsy

18. 豬頭肉? pig’s chaps

19. 豬頭三? <colloq> （Shanghai） 1.<abus> person lacking common sense; person not knowing right from wrong 2.person new to Shanghai

20. 豬尾巴? 1.pig’s tail 2.pigtail （of hair）

21. 豬下水? pig’s offal; pig’s entrails

22. 豬牙子? piglet

23. 豬雜碎? chopsuey; cooked chopped entrails of pigs; cooked chopped entrails

24. 豬崽兒? piglet; pigling; sucking pig; suckling pig

25. 豬肘子? leg of pork

26. 豬觜關(guān)? （of a person） to insult others at will

27. 豬嘴瘟? [Med] mumps; parotitis

四、與“豬”有關(guān)的四字或以上的表達(dá)法

這方面的表達(dá)法，絕大部分為習(xí)語，只有少量的一般性表達(dá)法，其中含有一些貶義性的詞語。具體請見以下例子：

1. 肥豬拱門? <idiom> （a fat pig butts into one’s house） to have good fortune knock at one’s door; to grant a windfall; to bestow good fortune upon sb： 愿你～！ May you bless the people with good fortune！

2. 封豕長蛇? <idiom> （large pigs and long snakes） greedy and brutish despots or invaders; evildoers

3. 火到豬頭爛，錢到公事辦? <familiar> （just as cooking makes a pig’s head tender， money gets a public matter done） bribery is the ultimate arbitrator of official decisions; money talks

4. 狗彘不如? also 狗彘不若? <idiom> no better than a cur or swine [descriptive of a contemptible person]

5. 狗豬不食其余? <idiom> （a person so despised and contemptible that even a pig or a dog won’t eat the food left by him or her） base; mean; despicable; contemptible; disgusting

6. 瘠牛僨豚? <idiom> （an emaciated ox can crush a piglet） a powerful country in decline can destroy a weak one

7. 見豕負(fù)涂? <idiom> （seeing a mired pig） extremely filthy or dirty

8. 狼奔豕突? <idiom> （the wolves rush and the pigs dash） to dash pell-mell; to flee helter-skelter

9. 冷水燙豬 <idiom> （to burn a pig with cold water） to try in vain; to come to no avail

10. 遼東之豬? <idiom> （Liaodong pig） sth mistaken for being extraordinary when it is really not ordinary; one who is proud or conceited out of ignorance

11. 魯魚亥豕? also 魯魚帝虎，魯魚陶陰<idiom> （confusing the similar shapes of the characters 魯 and 魚， 亥 and 豕） error in writing; clerical or typographical error

12. 沒吃過豬肉，還沒見過豬跑? <familiar> （even if you have never eaten pork before， still have you not seen a pig run？） even if one has had no direct experience in a matter， common everyday knowledge and experience should give one some idea about how things are done

13. 牧豕聽經(jīng)? <idiom> （to graze pigs while listening to a talk） to study assiduously

14. 泥豬疥狗? <idiom> （muddy pig and scabby dog） person of low position; loutish person

15. 人怕出名，豬怕壯? <familiar> fame portends trouble for humans just as fattening does for pigs

16. 三豕涉河? also 三豕渡河，三豕金根<idiom> to misuse or misunder-stand a character [such as mistaking 豕for 亥]

17. 食而弗愛，豕交之也;愛而不敬，獸畜之也 to feed a scholar and not love him， is to treat him as a pig; to love him and not respect him， is to keep him as a domestic animal

18. 豕亥魚魯? <idiom> （confusing the similar shapes of the characters 豕， 亥， 魚 and 魯） spelling or wording mistakes made in transcription or printing

19. 豕交獸畜? <idiom> （to treat like beasts） to treat people impolitely; to treat people without proper love and respect

20. 豕突狼奔? <idiom> （the pigs dash and the wolves rush; to run like wolves and rush like boars） 1.to dash pell-mell; to flee helter-skelter; to dash around madly 2.to infest and harass about （of bandits）

21. 豚蹄禳田? <idiom> （to offer a pig’s foot in sacrifice and pray for abundant harvest） to ask a lot for a little

22. 信及豚魚? <idiom> （to show one’s sincerity even for pigs and fish） true sincerity moves even dumb animals

23. 行若狗彘? <idiom> （to act like dogs and pigs） to behave shamelessly

24. 豬八戒倒打一耙? <idiom> （Zhubajie makes an unfounded attack with his rake） to make an unfounded counter-charge; to blame one’s victim

25. 豬卑狗險? <idiom> （a mean pig and a treacherous dog） mean and treacherous people

26. 豬不吃狗不聞? <idiom> food so unappetizing that even pigs and dogs won’t eat it

27. 豬多肉賤? <idiom> （the more pigs there are， the cheaper the pork） the more common things are， the less they are valued

28. 豬狗不如? <idiom> （worse than pigs and dogs） base; mean; despicable

29. 豬睏長肉，人困賣屋? <familiar> （just as a lazy pig gains weight， so a lazy person sells his house） laziness can ruin a family

30. 豬牛公館? <derog> pig and cow mansions [farmers’ term for state farms]

31. 豬朋狗友? <idiom> （friends of pigs and dogs） gang of good-for-nothings

32. 豬頭三牲? <old> 1.sacrifice of ox， sheep and pig 2.（generally refer to） sacrifice

33. 豬仔議員? <abus> swine assemblyman [members of the legislature in early Republic of China who were corrupted by bribes]

34. 一龍一豬<idiom> （a dragon and a pig） one person superior and another inferior （even with same background， etc）

35. 指豬罵狗? <idiom> （to point at the pig and curse the dog） to make a dig at sb; to criticize obliquely

的確，漢語中與“豬”有關(guān)的表達(dá)法實在太豐富了，諸如“豬丹毒”“豬都”“豬兜炮”“豬哥”“豬精”“豬龍”“豬仔國會”等詞語的英文翻譯，更待我們共同探索。? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? □