中巴有條急救走廊

彭納

2019年3月的一天，中巴博愛(ài)醫(yī)療急救中心（以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)“急救中心”）上演了一場(chǎng)與死神競(jìng)速的生死救治。來(lái)自上海華山醫(yī)院的急救中心第三批紅十字醫(yī)療隊(duì)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)胡承恩告訴記者，病患因膽囊炎發(fā)作導(dǎo)致昏厥，“因?yàn)楣线_(dá)爾地區(qū)的水質(zhì)問(wèn)題，這里的人普遍患有膽囊炎、膽結(jié)石等病癥?！痹诒凰瓦M(jìn)急救中心之前，這名患者已經(jīng)因?yàn)槟懩已装l(fā)作進(jìn)過(guò)醫(yī)院，但由于當(dāng)?shù)貐T乏的醫(yī)療資源以及對(duì)于病癥的輕視，打完點(diǎn)滴肚子不疼后，患者便出院回家了。讓他沒(méi)想到的是，這次發(fā)病來(lái)勢(shì)洶洶。

這只是急救中心問(wèn)診臺(tái)上幾大盒病例中的一例。從醫(yī)療隊(duì)2017年底來(lái)到這個(gè)巴國(guó)最南端的小鎮(zhèn)至今，裝病例的盒子已經(jīng)占據(jù)了大半個(gè)問(wèn)診臺(tái)。要說(shuō)起這個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)厝硕贾赖闹袊?guó)醫(yī)院，那就得從2017年5月17日這一天說(shuō)起。這天，一個(gè)關(guān)于“中巴急救走廊”建設(shè)的計(jì)劃落了地?！爸邪徒?jīng)濟(jì)走廊開(kāi)建后，中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)陳竹提出應(yīng)該在走廊沿線設(shè)立一些醫(yī)療點(diǎn)，于是，有了‘中巴急救走廊’的概念?！碑?dāng)年9月，由中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)牽頭、上海華山醫(yī)院、上海紅房子醫(yī)院、北京999急救中心組成的第一支醫(yī)療隊(duì)來(lái)到了巴基斯坦南部這片沙漠之地。

在距離瓜達(dá)爾港大門(mén)不遠(yuǎn)處，一棟紅白色為主色調(diào)的平房格外顯眼，這里便是急救中心所在地。雖然規(guī)模不大，但“五臟俱全”，藥房、內(nèi)科、化驗(yàn)室、觀察室……“這臺(tái)是X光機(jī)，在國(guó)內(nèi)都算先進(jìn)的B超機(jī)?！焙?duì)長(zhǎng)帶著我們一邊參觀一邊介紹。

眼前的醫(yī)院窗明幾凈、整潔有序，不曾想在2017年時(shí)這里還是一片荒地?！暗谝慌畮讉€(gè)隊(duì)員到達(dá)這里時(shí)，連住房都沒(méi)有，只能借瓜達(dá)爾港建設(shè)方的營(yíng)地板房，工作、生活?！睆暮?duì)長(zhǎng)的口中我們得知，到達(dá)這里的第一批隊(duì)員既是醫(yī)療隊(duì)的醫(yī)生，又是建設(shè)者，“那時(shí)，港口的淡水處理廠還沒(méi)建起來(lái)，大家喝的都只是簡(jiǎn)單過(guò)濾的水。”很多隊(duì)員都出現(xiàn)了腹瀉等水土不服的癥狀，就在這樣的環(huán)境下，醫(yī)療隊(duì)的工作還是逐步開(kāi)展了起來(lái)。

“我記得我們這一批是今年1月到達(dá)這里，正好趕上了春節(jié)，這也成了我這輩子記憶最深的一個(gè)春節(jié)。”給胡隊(duì)長(zhǎng)留下深刻印象的除了這個(gè)特別的春節(jié)，還有那突然響起的槍聲。

5月11日，本是一個(gè)平靜的周六，醫(yī)療隊(duì)隊(duì)員都在營(yíng)地的醫(yī)務(wù)室里值班，下午4點(diǎn)左右，一聲槍響刺激到了每一個(gè)人的神經(jīng)。“很快，我們就被轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)房間，與外界隔絕開(kāi)來(lái)?！焙?duì)說(shuō)到這里時(shí)語(yǔ)氣中還透著一絲緊張?！笆掳l(fā)后第一時(shí)間，就是給家里報(bào)了平安，隨后，手機(jī)信號(hào)就斷掉了。”槍聲響了差不多一天，大家心都是懸著的，“還有同事把銀行卡密碼這些信息寫(xiě)了下來(lái)?！?/p>

不過(guò)，當(dāng)局勢(shì)穩(wěn)定，事態(tài)被控制住后，隊(duì)員們又很快投入到了自己的工作中?！拔覀兠恳幻?duì)員都不容易，都要有極強(qiáng)的心理素質(zhì)。”

目前，這個(gè)不大的急救中心已經(jīng)登記接診患者共4280人次，光是第三批醫(yī)療隊(duì)就診療了近2000人次。

8月底，完成第三批醫(yī)療援助任務(wù)的胡承恩即將離開(kāi)這片堅(jiān)守了大半年的地方，回到祖國(guó)，看得出來(lái)，胡隊(duì)內(nèi)心有點(diǎn)糾結(jié)，既有回國(guó)的激動(dòng)，又有對(duì)急救中心的留戀。談起工作他滔滔不絕，“當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)院的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、設(shè)備不算太差，但是其他缺口很大?！焙?duì)長(zhǎng)給我們舉了幾個(gè)例子，醫(yī)院手術(shù)室的條件不錯(cuò)，但依舊無(wú)法進(jìn)行手術(shù)，因?yàn)獒t(yī)院沒(méi)有一個(gè)麻醉師。當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)院的B超機(jī)也不錯(cuò)，但沒(méi)有醫(yī)生會(huì)用。“這也提醒了我們，下一步，在開(kāi)展援助的同時(shí)，也要加強(qiáng)當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)療人才的培養(yǎng)?！蔽磥?lái)，急救中心將全部交付巴基斯坦方運(yùn)行，“現(xiàn)在，急救中心的巴基斯坦患者占到病患人數(shù)的80%-90%，我們?cè)谶@里看病存在一個(gè)很大的弊端——語(yǔ)言?！币?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言不通，急診室里最常出現(xiàn)的畫(huà)面是，一個(gè)病人旁邊站著4個(gè)人，除醫(yī)生、護(hù)士外，還有一個(gè)既能聽(tīng)懂當(dāng)?shù)胤窖杂謺?huì)講烏爾都語(yǔ)的翻譯，他問(wèn)清病情后轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)給既會(huì)烏爾都語(yǔ)又能講一點(diǎn)英文的另一個(gè)翻譯，由他再用英文將病情轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)給醫(yī)生?！斑@樣來(lái)回翻譯，有些時(shí)候病情已經(jīng)表達(dá)得南轅北轍了。”但如果是當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)生直接坐診，這個(gè)問(wèn)題就不再存在。

據(jù)悉，第四批醫(yī)療隊(duì)將在9月中下旬抵達(dá)了這里，一批批隊(duì)員用自己的堅(jiān)守一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)改變著當(dāng)?shù)厝恕翱床‰y”的問(wèn)題，也為急救走廊的建設(shè)打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。目前，急救走廊的第二個(gè)站點(diǎn)將考慮在俾路支省的首府奎塔建設(shè)。今后，站點(diǎn)還將沿著“中巴經(jīng)濟(jì)走廊”一路延伸下去。

One day in March 2019， a battle against death happened in China-Pakistan Fraternity Emergency Care Center （“Emergency Care Center”）. Hu Chengen， Head of the 3rd Red Cross Medical Team from Huashan Hospital， Shanghai， told the reporter that the patient’s faint was caused by cholecystitis， “Because of water quality problem in Gwadar District， cholecystitis， gallstone and other diseases are common here.” Before being sent to the Emergency Care Center， the patient had been sent to hospital after an attack of cholecystitis. Yet because of the shortage of local medical resources and neglect over the disease， the patient was discharged from the hospital when he felt well after a transfusion. Little had he expected that， another onset of the disease was more serious.

This was one of the cases contained in the boxes on inquiry counter in the Emergency Care Center. Since late 2017 when the medical team settled down in the southernmost town in Pakistan， the case boxes have occupied half of the inquiry counter. Stories of the well-known Chinese hospital began from May 17， 2017. On that day， a plan of building “ChinaPakistan Emergency Corridor” was worked out.“After the construction of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor began， Chen Zhu， Chairman of Red Cross Society of China， proposed to set up some medical centers along the Corridor， hence the concept ‘ChinaPakistan Emergency Corridor’.” In September that year， the first medical team， initiated by Red Cross Society of China and supported by Huashan Hospital and Red House Hospital in Shanghai and Beijing 999 Emergency Center， set foot on the desert in southern Pakistan.

Not far away from the gate of Gwadar Port， you can see a striking red-white one-storey house， the premise of the Emergency Care Center. Though small in size， the Emergency Care Center is equipped with pharmacy， internal medicine department， clinical laboratory， observation room， and other departments.“This is an X-ray machine， and that is a cutting-edge B-ultrasound scanner. ” Mr. Hu led us around and introduced to us.

The place where the clean and well-arranged hospital sits was once a wasteland in 2017. “When the first batch of 10-plus members came， they had no room to lodge and had to work and live in the camp houses of the contractor of Gwadar Port.” According to Mr. Hu， the first team members acted as doctors of the medical team and builders， “Back then， when the fresh water treatment plant of the Port had yet been built up， they had to drink water with simple treatment.”Unaccustomed to local climate， many team members developed symptoms like diarrhea. Despite such an environment， they still launched their works.

“I remember that this batch arrived here in January this year， when it was time for the Spring Festival. It is the most unforgettable Spring Festival in my life.”Besides the special Spring Festival， another thing that impressed him was a burst of gunfire.

On May 11， an otherwise quiet Saturday， all members of the medical team were on duty in the clinic. Around 4：00 p.m.， a burst of gunfire shocked the nerve of everyone. “Soon， we were transferred to another room and separated from the outside world.”There was a tone of tension when Mr. Hu recalled the matter. “The first thing I did after that was calling home. Afterwards， mobile phone signals broke down.” Sound of the gunfire can be heard almost the whole day. Everyone was nervous， “Some of my colleagues even wrote down information of their bank card password.”

Yet soon after the situation stabilized and everything was controlled， the team members all engaged themselves to their works again. “Each of our team members has a strong heart.”

Up to now， the small emergency center has received 4，280 medical cases， among which 2，000 cases were treated by the third batch of medical team.

In late August， when the third batch of medical care task is finished， Hu Chengen will leave the place where he has worked for over half a year and return home. Mixed feelings can be seen on his face， the excitement of returning home and the reluctance of leaving here. He dashed along about the work here，“The infrastructure and facilities in the hospital are not bad. But there are huge deficiencies in other aspects.”He cited several examples： though the operating room is fine， surgery cannot be done since there is no anesthetist； the B-ultrasound scanner in local hospital is good， but no doctor can operate it. “It also reminds us that going forward， we should train more local medical workers as part of assistance.” In the future， the whole Emergency Care Center will be delivered to Pakistan，“Now the Emergency Care Center receives 80-90% of all Pakistan patients. We face another barrier in offering medical services， language.” Because of the language barrier， a common scene in emergency room is： one patient is surrounded by four people： doctor， nurse， and an interpreter who can understand local dialect and speak Urdu. After making clear of the patient’s conditions， he would convey the information to another interpreter who can speak Urdu and a little English. The latter would convey the information to the doctor in English. “In this way， many errors occur in this process.” There is no such problem for a local doctor.

The 4th medical team arrived here in late August. All members stick to their posts to deliver medical services to local people， laying a solid foundation for the building of “China-Pakistan Emergency Corridor”. At this point， a plan is being made to build the second center of the “China-Pakistan Emergency Corridor”in Quetta， capital of Baluchistan Province. In the future， more such centers will be built along the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.