重（難）點詞語用法回放

董明義

◇詞語用法

it，one

it與one都可用作代詞，代替前面提到過的事物。it指的是與前面提到的事物為同一物，此時it相當于“the / this / that / my... +名詞”；one指的是與前面提到過的事物屬于同一類事物，此時的one相當于“a / an +名詞”。例如：

I don t have a dictionary. I want to buy one.我沒有詞典，我想買一本。

I like the bike， but I don t have enough money to buy it.我喜歡這輛自行車，但是我沒有足夠的錢買它。

enough

enough可用作形容詞，意為“足夠的；充分的”，可作表語，也可作定語。作定語時，通常放在名詞前面，也可以放在名詞后面。例如：

Ten men is enough.十個人就足夠了。

I have enough time （time enough） to fin

ish the work.我有足夠的時間來完成這項工作。

enough也可用作副詞，意為“足夠地；充分地”，用來修飾形容詞或副詞，通常放在被修飾詞的后面。例如：

Is it warm enough in the room？房間里夠暖和了嗎？

He knows the situation well enough.他對情況了解得非常清楚。

enough還可用作代詞，意為“足夠；充分”，在句中作主語或賓語。例如：

—Would you like another cup of tea？你想再來一杯茶嗎？

—I have had enough. Thank you very much.我喝夠了，非常感謝。

give

give意為“提供；交給”，作及物動詞，后面可接名詞或代詞作賓語。也可接雙賓語，接雙賓語時的語序通常為“give +某人+某物”，但當直接賓語為代詞時，要用“give +代詞（指物）+to+某人”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

She gave a correct answer.她給了一個正確的答案。

I gave him a watch on his birthday.在他生日那天我送了他一塊表。

This book is Jim s. Please give it to him. 這本書是吉姆的，請把它給他吧。

patient

patient用作形容詞時，意為“有耐心的”， 在句中可作表語或定語，表示“對某人有耐心”時，常與介詞with連用。例如：

Please be patient.請忍耐些。

I think I am quite a patient person.我認為我是一個相當有耐心的人。

He is just a small child， so you must be patient with him.他只不過是個小孩子，你應該對他耐心點。

patient還可用作名詞，意為“病人”，是可數(shù)名詞。例如：

The patient is much better today.那個病人今天好多了。

worth

worth用作形容詞時，意為“值……錢；有……價值”。例如：

The picture is worth at least twenty pounds.這張畫至少值20英鎊。

be worth doing意為“……值得做”，注意這個句型是主動結(jié)構(gòu)表被動意義，若表示

“……很值得做”，通常用well來修飾，即be well worth doing。例如：

The documentary A Bite of China Ⅱis not perfect， but it is worth watching.紀錄片《舌尖上的中國2》并不完美，但是值得一看。

This book is well worth reading.這本書很值得讀。

besides， except

except意為“除……之外”，通常指“從整體中除去”，所排除的人或物不在所列的范圍之內(nèi)。而besides意為“除……之外（還）”，通常指所排除的人或物與所列的為同一類人或物。例如：

They all went to sleep except me.除我之外，他們都去睡覺了。

She can speak French and Japanese besides English.除英語外，她還會講法語和日語。

◇中考考例

1.—The fridges are on sale in the supermarket today.

—Really？ Let s go and buy for our new kitchen.

【2018·安徽中考題】

A.one B.it

C.that D.them

【答案與解析】A 答句后句句意為“咱們?nèi)ソo我們的新廚房買一個冰箱吧”，這個“冰箱”是指“促銷中的任意一個冰箱”。故選A項。

2.Cathy checked her paper so that she could get good grades this time.

【2018·烏魯木齊中考題】

A.careful enough

B.enough careful

C.enough carefully

D.carefully enough

【答案與解析】D 首先要明確修飾動詞要用副詞，所以本句中要用副詞carefully；enough修飾副詞時要放在所修飾的副詞之后。故選D項。

3.I will give a T shirt my brother as a birthday present.

【2018·福建中考題】

A.by B.to C.from

【答案與解析】B give sb. sth.或give sth. to sb.表示“給某人某物”。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應選B項。

4.—The piano lessons are too hard for me. I nearly give up.

—You should be more . I be

lieve you ll make it.

【2018·深圳中考題】

A.careful

B.helpful

C.patient

【答案與解析】C careful意為“細心的”；helpful意為“有幫助的”；patient意為“有耐心的”。根據(jù)句意判斷，應選C項。

5.Amazing China（《厲害了，我的國》）wins high praise from the public. I think the documentary is well worth .

【2018·泰州中考題】

A.watch B.to watch

C.watching D.watched

【答案與解析】C 表示“……值得做”時，要用“be worth doing sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C項。

6.—Alice， would you like to go hiking with us？

—What a pity！ I am free every day

today.

【2016·蘭州中考題】

A.for B.except

C.besides D.among

【答案與解析】B 根據(jù)答句后句句意“除了今天我每天都有空”判斷，所排除的事物不在所述范圍內(nèi)。故選B項。

◇鞏固練習

根據(jù)句意，從A、B、C、D四個選項中選擇最佳答案。

1.Hong Kong Disneyland is well worth

. I think you should go there.

A.to visit B.visiting

C.visit D.visited

2.—Look！ It s raining heavily. Why not take a raincoat with you？

—Well， I ll take right now.

A.it B.that

C.one D.this

3.The dining hall is to hold 300 people.

A.enough big B.enough small

C.small enough D.big enough

4.David is ill， so you must be him.

A.angry with B.patient with

C.worried about D.similar to

5.I borrowed Li Lei s dictionary. Please

this afternoon.

A.give him it B.give him to it

C.give it to him D.give him it

6. playing basketball， we have a lot of other interesting things to do in our lives.

A.By B.On

C.Besides D.Except

（答案見第64頁）