翻開11本書，讀懂良渚文明

《良渚文明》叢書發(fā)布現(xiàn)場。

如何更深入地理解良渚文明，感受出中華文明多元一體的歷史進程？由浙江大學(xué)出版社出版的《良渚文明》叢書做了全方位立體解密。

“良渚文明”叢書一套書共11冊，是浙江省文物局“面向良渚古城遺址申遺的保護研究成果應(yīng)用及轉(zhuǎn)化”項目的最新研究成果，主要由浙江省文物考古研究所致力于良渚考古的中青年學(xué)者，圍繞近年來杭州市余杭區(qū)良渚古城遺址的考古發(fā)現(xiàn)與研究，集體編纂而成，從不同的主題系統(tǒng)講解了良渚文明的重要方面。

叢書包含——

《神王之國：良渚古城遺址》《土筑金字塔：良渚反山王陵》《法器與王權(quán)：良渚文化玉器》《內(nèi)斂與華麗：良渚陶器》《工程與工具：良渚石記》《圖畫與符號：良渚原始文字》《物華天寶：良渚古環(huán)境與動植物》《良渚時代的中國與世界》《良渚遺址考古八十年》《何以良渚》《一小鏟和五千年：考古記者眼中的良渚》。

這套書，用今年很流行的一個詞來說，就是“絕對硬核”！我們不妨先讀一讀浙江省文物考古研究所所長劉斌所著的《法器與王權(quán)：良渚文化玉器》——

“由于乾隆皇帝喜好古物，所以清宮中收藏了大量的古玉，其中有良渚文化的玉琮、玉璜、三叉形器等玉器。乾隆皇帝還常常為新獲得的玉器賦詩作文。從其詩文的內(nèi)容看，玉琮當(dāng)時被認作是古代扛夫抬舉輦車或樂鼓所用的‘杠頭裝飾。乾隆皇帝的收藏反映了近代良渚玉器的出土情況。”

從皇帝的癖好開始，劉斌切入良渚玉器的出土與傳世，細數(shù)自殷商時期至上世紀30年代，幾千年間良渚玉器的本來面目與意義的隱與顯。

《一小鏟和五千年》作者馬黎（左二）在良渚采訪。

浙江大學(xué)出版社社長魯東明介紹說，叢書匯集了浙江省文物考古研究所的考古工作者們扎根良渚三十多年的努力，以及良渚遺址八十多年考古歷程中的重要發(fā)現(xiàn)，其中包含了考古工作者們的寶貴經(jīng)驗和大量的挖掘現(xiàn)場圖片。

【書單】

《良渚文明》叢書。

《神王之國：良渚古城遺址》

朱雪菲 著

本書以考古事實為依據(jù)，從考古一線工作者及專家的視角為讀者導(dǎo)覽良渚古城遺址的全貌，并簡要介紹良渚早期的大型水利工程、良渚古城的等級制度、良渚古城的建設(shè)規(guī)劃等，為大眾揭開良渚古城遺址的神秘面紗，還原出一個真實的良渚古城。

《土筑金字塔：良渚反山王陵》

方向明 著

本書以圖解的形式詳細解讀反山王陵——已知良渚文化遺址出土玉器數(shù)量最多、品種最豐富、雕琢最精美的一處高等級墓地。

《法器與王權(quán)：良渚文化玉器》

劉斌 著

通過本書的解讀，讀者能清晰地了解到各種良渚玉器之間造型上的聯(lián)系與功能上的關(guān)系，從純欣賞的角度領(lǐng)略玉器的美感，逐漸過渡為對良渚人精神世界的理解。

本書最后還在更大的范圍里，介紹良渚文明之后，良渚玉器的流傳與繼承以及古今用玉制度的發(fā)展演變，從考古學(xué)的視角，以良渚玉器為切入點，展現(xiàn)中華文明多元一體的歷史進程。

良渚古城遺址公園夜景。

《內(nèi)斂與華麗：良渚陶器》

趙曄 著

本書以陶器為視角，講述了良渚陶器的各種特質(zhì)，闡釋了良渚陶器的考古價值、歷史價值和藝術(shù)價值。

《工程與工具：良渚石記》

姬翔 王寧遠 董傳萬 羅以達 著

本書主要以圖片的形式，講述良渚古城城墻的發(fā)現(xiàn)、研究歷程，以及良渚遺址群石器等相關(guān)研究的一些成果和進展。

《圖畫與符號：良渚原始文字》

夏勇 朱雪菲 著

由于考古發(fā)現(xiàn)的偶然性，很多“刻畫符號”出現(xiàn)在破碎的陶片上，導(dǎo)致許多符號信息的缺失。

此類刻符的主體圖案，也有表意功能，其圖案較之具象的圖畫式圖案，有更強的系統(tǒng)性和規(guī)范性。本書介紹的這些現(xiàn)有的良渚文化刻畫符號中，存在著解讀良渚世界精神密碼的鑰匙。

公園內(nèi)的瑤山祭壇遺址。

《物華天寶：良渚古環(huán)境與動植物》

姬翔 宋姝 武欣 著

本書從良渚文化出發(fā)，以圖說的方式分三部分分別介紹良渚文化遺址的環(huán)境、動物和植物，勾勒出在環(huán)境背景下良渚先民的動植物利用圖景及良渚社會的興衰變革。

《良渚時代的中國與世界》

陳明輝 著

旨在介紹良渚所在的時間段前后世界和中國范圍內(nèi)的古代文明和早期國家的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。

《良渚遺址考古八十年》

朱葉菲 著

本書以良渚考古隊隊員的視角與各位讀者分享良渚遺址考古八十年背后的平凡與不凡。

《何以良渚》

王寧遠 著

本書試圖厘清良渚文化出現(xiàn)的背景，并在此基礎(chǔ)上對良渚基層聚落、中等聚落和良渚古城的形態(tài)、結(jié)構(gòu)及其背后的社會組織結(jié)構(gòu)，以及意識形態(tài)中以玉器為載體反映的信仰和權(quán)力機制進行分析，嘗試去掉枝蔓，沿最清晰的邏輯主干敘述良渚社會的面貌和結(jié)構(gòu)框架。

《一小鏟和五千年：考古記者眼中的良渚》

馬黎 著

作者從2012年開始，貼身報道良渚考古發(fā)現(xiàn)，記錄良渚文化。本書全程記錄了良渚考古一點一滴的變化，考古歷史的變遷，考古人的心路歷程，思想碰撞的火花等，對考古人物也有深入的訪談。

公園內(nèi)的反山遺址。

Books Celebrate Glory of Liangzhu

A number of books have been published since the Liangzhu Archaeological Site was inscribed onto the UNESCOs World Heritage List on July 6， 2019 Beijing Time. The new books are designed to deepen understanding of the ancient Liangzhu civilization and present a new look at the diversity and unity of Chinese civilization.

Hardcore Archaeological Books by Zhejiang University Press

One day after the Liangzhu Archaeological Sites inscription， Zhejiang University Press released Liangzhu Civilization， a series of 11 books， onto the market. The books were essentially written by middle-aged and young scholars who have been conducting in-depth studies on the Liangzhu Culture sponsored by Zhejiang Cultural Heritage Administration. The books present two groups of knowledge： what have been found at the archaeological sites and what the archaeological finds signify in terms of archaeology and history and culture.

The hardcore science series covers the achievements made by archaeologists of Zhejiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology in the past four decades， enumerates the key archaeological discoveries in Liangzhu over the past eight decades， and presents a large quantity of historical photos featuring field studies and excavation projects.

Ritual Artifacts and Royal Power： Cultural Jade of Liangzhu written by Director Liu Bin of Zhejiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology is included in the series. Jade artifacts had been unearthed in China long before archaeologists traced them all back to Liangzhu where a wealth of jade objects in tombs has been unearthed. Jade is a signature object of the Liangzhu Culture. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty （1644-19111） had a special passion for jade pieces. He wrote poems and essays in praise of jade pieces in his collection. Judging from the texts he wrote， Jade Cong was among his collection. In the book， Liu traces the ups and downs of jade Cong from Liangzhu in thousands years in Chinese history up to the 1930s when Shi Xingeng discovered the first batch of objects of the Liangzhu Culture that has led to the discovery of ancient Liangzhu City.

Liangzhu Kingdom： Five Thousand Years

《一小鏟和五千年》作者馬黎（中）在莫角山上。

Zhejiang Childrens Book Publishing House has just put a picture book titled Liangzhu Kingdom： Five Thousand Years on the market. The book， designed to tell the story of Liangzhu to children， is the first of its kind about Liangzhu in China. Written by Liu Bin and his colleagues， the book presents three major archaeological discoveries of Liangzhu： the worlds most ancient large-scale flood-control dam system， the city site of the Neolithic Age in China， and the jade age with typical Chinese characteristics. The book adds a sense of humor to the hard-core science.

“Our understanding of Liangzhu Culture is more than objects unearthed from tombs which reflect a primitive society. Today， we can discuss the ancient Liangzhu in many aspects： animals， plants， minerals， environment， pottery， jade and stone wares， lacquer and other wood pieces， agriculture and handicraft industry. We can draw a whole picture of the world five thousand years ago，” remarks Liu Bin. The book is his effort to tell children about archaeology.

For Zeng Qiqi， dean of Cartoon and Animation Department of Zhejiang University of Science & Technology， to present a pictorial history of Liangzhu 5，000 years ago is a serious task. The task does not allow too many entertaining touches. However， the book aims at children. She integrated traditional techniques as seen in murals in Dunhuang， images on bricks of the Han Dynasty， and other ancient ornamental patterns in her drawings of the picture book.

Research Fellow： Line Drawing of Unearthed Jade Artifacts

《五千年良渚王國》。

Fang Xiangming is the best artist among archaeologists of Zhejiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology. Engaged in archaeological projects and studies for 30 years， he has explored all the Neolithic sites across Zhejiang. As an artist， he has created a large quantity of line-drawings featuring the jade artifacts of Liangzhu. He published Line-Drawings of Liangzhu Jade Artifacts in 2018. The book received raving reviews among critics and readers. A new edition of the book has just been released onto market.

The book systematically illustrates and deconstructs jade artifacts and patterns on jade. Among the drawings are the King of Cong， the Scepter that symbolizes power and faith， ornamentals for head and neck， daily goods. Fangs fine drawings allow the reader to peep into the jade culture of Liangzhu.

《法器與王權(quán)》。

The discovery and interpretation of the jade artifacts unearthed in Liangzhu archaeological projects over the past 80 some years are the most important means to understand Liangzhu.

“Thanks to the large quantity of jade pieces we have unearthed， we are able to reach conclusions about the Liangzhu society and the civilization it presents. The jade artifacts are the main content and most eye-catching relics of the Liangzhu Culture. They allow us to take a close look at the civilization. Moreover， the jade manufacturing， the raw material and finished products， the shapes of these designs， and artistic and philosophical thought embodied in these jades give us a window to study the civilization which stayed buried for thousands of years，” remarks Fang.

The new edition comes out in larger format so that readers can see more in these line drawings. The new edition also adds three chapters which were not in the first edition. Respectively， the new chapters discuss the classroom study and practice of line drawing in archaeology， how the teaching of archaeological drawings is conducted in foreign schools， and the artistic features in archaeological drawings.

《神王之國：良渚古城遺址》。

Liangzhu Kingdom

This photo book features a large quantity of pictures that highlight the archaeological results of the Liangzhu Culture. It provides a perspective on Liangzhu Civilization that flourished five thousand year ago in the context of global civilizations. The book features the characteristics of the Liangzhu Civilization and explains how it took shape in history. The book allows the reader to peep into the rise and fall of the Liangzhu City.

Shi Xingeng： Discoverer of Liangzhu Culture

The biography tells the story of Shi Xingeng， a young scholar who worked for the West Lake Museum and in 1936 first explored the Liangzhu Culture. A native of Liangzhu， Shi played a decisive role in archaeological discoveries which have eventually led to the international recognition of the five millennia of the Chinese civilization and the to the Liangzhu Archaeological Sites inclusion onto UNESCOs World Heritage List.

《五千年良渚王國》內(nèi)頁插圖。