C住宅，吉隆坡，馬來西亞

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：陳大衛(wèi)，陳文賢/設(shè)計(jì)集體建筑事務(wù)所

Architects: David Chan, MunInn Chan/Design Collective Architects

該項(xiàng)目坐落在吉隆坡白沙羅高原富裕而成熟的住宅飛地，占據(jù)了兩塊地。這片區(qū)域的平均住宅用地面積為600m2，其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)雙層住宅建于1980年代。此類房屋均為小巧而普通的建筑。

多年以來，許多房屋被出售、拆毀和重建，以滿足當(dāng)前的需求。在這種情況下，可同時(shí)容納幾代人共住的多居室住宅應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。隨著房產(chǎn)的增值，人們的生活水平也在提高。當(dāng)?shù)氐闹笇?dǎo)方針還對(duì)增加樓層高度、密度和住房面積作出規(guī)定。

這些條件促使了向周圍場(chǎng)地的長(zhǎng)期過渡。當(dāng)時(shí)的情況仍在不斷變化，附近的房屋都掛起“出售”的標(biāo)志。有些住宅剛剛成交，而新房子也正在規(guī)劃中。

C住宅的設(shè)計(jì)方案考慮了所有上述因素，并試圖解決未來周圍環(huán)境的問題。

一對(duì)年輕的夫婦買下了這兩塊地，打算為他們不斷壯大的家庭創(chuàng)建家園。新房需要滿足他們的長(zhǎng)期需求，且有足夠的空間和靈活性。建筑師與夫婦一起討論了祖父母的房間、傭人房、客房、家庭辦公室及規(guī)劃布局等大量詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)要求，并遵循其對(duì)具體風(fēng)水布局、方位和準(zhǔn)則的要求。

錯(cuò)位盒子

該設(shè)計(jì)大體上是由兩個(gè)錯(cuò)位疊加的直線形盒子組成。這種錯(cuò)位設(shè)計(jì)不僅為底樓創(chuàng)造了一處帶頂棚的游廊，還為樓上搭建出一個(gè)露臺(tái)。同時(shí)，這種設(shè)計(jì)也打破了垂直核心的連續(xù)性：能夠在交通核布設(shè)安全控制中心，還能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)公共空間與私人空間的物理分隔。

熱帶地區(qū)的現(xiàn)代性

C住宅對(duì)采用熱帶建筑原理及設(shè)計(jì)原則的現(xiàn)代極簡(jiǎn)主義形式進(jìn)行了探索。它通過限制建筑深度來保證新鮮空氣可在屋內(nèi)流通，以實(shí)現(xiàn)自然通風(fēng)的原理。滑動(dòng)窗與滑動(dòng)門分別位于相對(duì)的兩側(cè)，讓空氣在建筑內(nèi)流通。內(nèi)部空間和樓梯被設(shè)計(jì)成煙囪，使熱空氣從上面的開口排出。

該房屋的正面朝向西北方（北緯315°），在午后強(qiáng)烈的陽(yáng)光下變得相當(dāng)炎熱。為了控制自然采光并阻擋過多的熱量，垂直遮陽(yáng)元素沿西北立面（正立面） 而設(shè)。同時(shí)，西南面的景觀花園也提供了陰涼?！酰ㄍ鯁螁?譯）

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)/Interior Design: PeiSan Wong, Cherry Chung(Essential Design Integrated)

土木工程/Civil & Structural Engineer: LTE Engineers

機(jī)電工程/Mechanical & Electrical Engineer: Perunding MNE-Mexergy

工料測(cè)算/Quantity Surveyor: Edmund Shipway

占地面積/Site Area: 1400m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 1200m2

竣工時(shí)間/Completion Time: 2018.05

攝影/Photos: Wong SzeMing (Creative Clicks), Darren Ch'ng(Design Collective Architects)

1 外景/Exterior view

2 鳥瞰/Aerial view

3 立面/Fa?ade

The project is built over 2 plots of land, located in an affluent and matured residential enclave of Damansara Heights, Kuala Lumpur. The average residential plot in the area has a lot size of 600m2with a standard double-storey house built in the 1980s. The houses were small and generic.

Over the years, many homes were sold,demolished and rebuilt according to changing needs.Houses with more rooms were built to accommodate larger family units of multiple generations. Standards of living were higher with the increased in property value. Local guidelines also provided for the increase in storey height, density and size of homes.

These conditions encouraged an extended period of transition to the surrounding site. The context were still in a state of fl ux with neighbouring homes putting up "for sale" signs and some have just been transacted and new houses are being planned.

The approach for the design of C-House took all these into consideration and attempted to address the future context of its surrounding of what would be.

Design Briefs

The young couple bought the 2 plots of land to build for their growing family. The house aims to cater for their long term needs and is to have sufficient space and flexibility.

A detailed and extensive design brief was discussed which includes rooms for grandparents,maid's quarters, guest rooms and home offices as well as planning considerations to adhere to their specific "feng-shui" principles of orientations and arrangements.

Shifting boxes

The design in essence consists of 2 rectilinear boxes that are places on top of one another but shifted out of alignment. This shifting of the boxes create a covered veranda along the ground floor and a terrace on the upper level.

This shift also breaks the continuity of the vertical core, allowing for a secured control point and physical separation of the public and private spaces along the stair core.

Tropical Modernity

C-House explores the idea of a modern minimalist form adopting the principles of tropical architecture and design. Principles of natural ventilation is achieved by restricting the building depth to ensure effective crossing of fresh air through the house. Operable sliding windows and doors are located on opposite sides to allow for air to move through the building. Internal voids and staircases are designed as heat stacks to extract warm air upwards to be exhausted through openings above.

The front of house faces north-west (315°N)and is considerably warm under a hot afternoon sun. To manage natural day lighting and avoid excessive heat gain, vertical sun shading elements are introduced along the north-west fa?ade (front elevation). A landscaped garden provides shade on the south-western side.□

4 首層平面/Ground floor plan

5 二層平面/First floor plan

6 圖解/Diagram

7 近景/Nearby view

評(píng)論

鐘冠球:這是一個(gè)巨大的豪宅，在周邊全是坡屋頂街區(qū)中選擇了一個(gè)巨大的方盒子平屋頂?shù)男问?，無論建筑體量還是形式語(yǔ)言都與周邊格格不入，也可以稱之為特立獨(dú)行。

項(xiàng)目在綠色設(shè)計(jì)方面有一些亮點(diǎn)：利用樓梯作為煙囪產(chǎn)生熱壓通風(fēng)效應(yīng)，開口開洞位置都考慮了風(fēng)循環(huán)的原則，利用出檐作為遮陽(yáng)，應(yīng)用風(fēng)扇促進(jìn)通風(fēng)；并且創(chuàng)造了很多架空、開洞、陽(yáng)臺(tái)、空中花園、空中游泳池等戶外灰空間，整合出一個(gè)室內(nèi)外使用相結(jié)合的住宅空間?？赡芄δ茉O(shè)定上受到了業(yè)主很多的限制，作為住宅僅有一張室內(nèi)照片，但不可否認(rèn)，這是一個(gè)非常成熟的設(shè)計(jì)。

洪人杰：迂迴與漫遊

住宅重新作為與自然對(duì)話的容器，反應(yīng)在連結(jié)居住界面的附屬空間——花園、露臺(tái)、泳池和共享空間。其向上抬升的建筑，制造底層架空的開放場(chǎng)所；一方面創(chuàng)造更多“灰空間”連結(jié)并模糊室內(nèi)外關(guān)系，另一方面則對(duì)傳統(tǒng)東南亞房屋“Tai toon”多功能的呼應(yīng)。其具遮陽(yáng)效果的立面百葉，因綠色技術(shù)構(gòu)成頗具韻律的建筑表情，不僅連結(jié)周圍開闊的景觀特質(zhì)，更豐富住宅空間內(nèi)的漫遊體驗(yàn)，感受建筑與自然共生共存的一體感。其外部圍墻以碎片疊加作為區(qū)隔內(nèi)外界面，不免讓人聯(lián)想到周圍大樹落葉堆疊的地域感受。

Comments

ZHONG Guanqiu: This is a huge luxurious villa, which is located in a neighbourhood with sloped roofs all around.Its enormous square box design with a fl at roof seems like a square peg in a round hole when comparing it with the surroundings, regardless of its building volume or the form of language; or perhaps it could also be regarded as unique.

There are some bright spots in terms of the green designing scheme. Leveraging staircases as heat stacks creates a thermal pressure ventilation system, while the place of the openings also follows the principle of air circulation. The eaves have been adopted as sunshades and the fan contributes to ventilation. Furthermore, many outdoor grey spaces including overhead spaces, openings, balconies, a sky garden and a sky swimming pool have been built, creating a residential space for both outdoor and indoor activities. However, there are some possible restraints from the owner in terms of the employment of the space. Although there is merely one interior photo of this villa, it cannot be denied that this is a quite mature design.(Translated by WANG Dandan)

8 細(xì)部/Details

HUNG Jenchieh: Circuitous and wandering

The house re-functions as a container for a dialogue with nature, which is represented in the ancillary space that links to living area such as gardens, terraces, swimming pools and communal spaces. The raised building has created an open area for the ground floor. This, on the one hand, creates more"grey spaces" that can help both build and blur the relationship between the indoor and outdoor. On the other hand, this also echoes the multifunction "Tai toon" of conventional South-East Asian houses. Thanks to green technology, the facade shutter with sun-screening effect has created a metrical building expression. Such a design not only bonds with the extensive surrounding landscape, but also helps to enrich the wandering experience in the residential space; feeling a sense of oneness - integrating the architecture with nature. The exterior wall utilised the debris stack as the partition between the internal and external. This calls to mind the feeling when one sees the fallen leaves from surrounding trees stacked on the ground. (Translated by WANG Dandan)

9 陽(yáng)臺(tái)/Balcony

10 內(nèi)景/Interior view