線索教學(xué)法在高中英語(yǔ)閱讀中的應(yīng)用

楊淑霞

（此課選自外研版《英語(yǔ)》教材選修六第三單元。）

線索教學(xué)法（CBA）是通過(guò)線索提示，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行自主學(xué)習(xí)的方法。在新課改背景下，教師將詞匯、語(yǔ)法、閱讀、聽(tīng)力等多個(gè)部分結(jié)合起來(lái)，探索出更為有效的教學(xué)方法，來(lái)提升英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的有效性。線索教學(xué)法有助于學(xué)生思維的開(kāi)放、課堂氛圍的活躍，更有助于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣的提升。

《Roys story》是一篇記敘文。文章講了Daniel因父親工作調(diào)動(dòng)而進(jìn)入一所新學(xué)校，并認(rèn)識(shí)了活潑開(kāi)朗的羅伊（Roy），與之成為好朋友。可后來(lái)，羅伊因?yàn)楦赣H車(chē)禍去世而徹底改變，生活也變得拮據(jù)起來(lái)，有幾次Daniel發(fā)現(xiàn)他偷東西，很想幫助他，可羅伊對(duì)Daniel卻冷漠起來(lái)。

這篇文章有著清晰的線索，一條是明線索，即時(shí)間的先后順序；另一條是暗線索，即兩人之間的情感變化，直到文章結(jié)尾將事件推向高潮，留下意味深長(zhǎng)的結(jié)局，由讀者來(lái)思考如何處理這段友誼，怎樣幫助羅伊走出內(nèi)心的困境。這篇文章筆者在講授時(shí)運(yùn)用了線索教學(xué)法，收到了很好的效果。下面是教學(xué)的一個(gè)片段：

T：Lets look at the title-Roys story，could you tell me what kind of passage it is？

S：It is a narration.

T：Correct.We know there are 3 kinds of basic structures about narration- in sequence of time（順序）， flashback（倒敘），and narration interspersed with flashbacks（插敘）.Read this passage quickly and tell me which basic structure it is？

S：In sequence of time.

T：Yes， it is described in sequence of time.So now could you find out all of the time adverbials appeared in this passage？ Three minutes will be given to you to finish it.

S1：The first time they met.

S2：Under a year ago.

S3：During the five years later.

S4：About three month ago.

S5：Last week.

S6：This weekend.

T：You did a very good job.These time adverbials are the clues of the passages.The passage is developed in the order of time.

Now lets look at what happened during these periods respectively？ Read the passage carefully and find out the answers.

（As students say the answers， teacher write them down on the blackboard.）

From the table we know time is a clear clue in the passage while the relationship between them is an implied clue.Their relationship has gone through several stages-not familiar， close， a little distant， total distant.If you were Roy， what would you do in this situation？

Would you treasure the friendship or desert it？

Would you help or ignore Daniel？

How would you help him？

Let students discuss it for ten minutes and share their answers.

采用線索教學(xué)法教授這篇文章，在興趣以及線索的引導(dǎo)之下，學(xué)生能夠積極地融入到文章的閱讀中，想要找到與之相關(guān)的知識(shí)，解決心中的迷惑，輕松地抓住了文章的重點(diǎn)。文章一明一暗兩個(gè)線索，構(gòu)成了文章的框架。講授時(shí)利用隱藏的線索，對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行素養(yǎng)教育，使主題自然而然地得到升華。這是使用線索教學(xué)法的好處。

在英語(yǔ)閱讀教學(xué)實(shí)踐中，教師應(yīng)為學(xué)生傳授更多有用的閱讀方法，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生突破問(wèn)題、解決問(wèn)題的能力，使學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)現(xiàn)質(zhì)的飛躍，能夠有所收獲，獲得學(xué)習(xí)的成就感。

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