馬岔村民活動中心，會寧，中國

建筑設計：蔣蔚，穆鈞，周鐵鋼，李強強/北京建筑大學

1 全景/Full exterior view

2 平面/Plan

該中心是住建部現(xiàn)代夯土民居研究與示范項目中的一項重點內容，由無止橋慈善基金出資并組織當地村民與志愿者共同建造完成，功能包括多功能廳、商店、醫(yī)務室和托兒所。除滿足馬岔村民日常公共生活服務需求外，該項目也是該地區(qū)推廣現(xiàn)代生土建造技術的培訓基地。中心的建設是以當地傳統(tǒng)的施工組織模式進行的一次現(xiàn)代夯土建造實踐。中心所處的甘肅省會寧縣馬岔村為干旱的黃土高原溝壑區(qū)，土資源極其豐富。建筑在空間組合方式上借鑒了當地民居傳統(tǒng)的合院形式，并結合山地現(xiàn)狀，將若干土房子設置于山坡上不同的標高，圍合出一個三合院，開口面向山谷。我們希望這幾個土房子就像在地里生出的土塊，可以自然地融入到當地的空間景觀之中。

The Centre plays a key role in MOHURD's research and demonstration of modern rammedearth residential architecture. This project is funded by Wu Zhi Qiao Charitable Foundation.The Foundation also organised the local villagers and volunteers for its construction, which is a new practice with modern rammed-earth technology based on local methods. The Centre includes a multipurpose hall, a shop, a clinic and a nursery. It meets villagers' needs of public life and provides a training base for promoting modern earth construction technology. Macha village is located in Huining County, Gansu Province, which is in arid loess plateau gully area with rich earth resources. We used vernacular courtyard form for reference to do the spatial arrangement and set the houses at different heights. Considering the hilly topography,we enclose a courtyard with the opening facing the valley. We hope these earth houses are like the clods that will naturally blend into the local earth landscape.

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 馬岔村民委員會/Villager Committee of Macha地點/Location: 甘肅省會寧縣丁家溝鄉(xiāng)馬岔村/Macha Village, Dingjiagou Countryside, Huining County, Gansu Province

主創(chuàng)建筑師/Principal Architects: 蔣蔚，穆鈞，周鐵鋼，李強強/JIANG Wei, MU Jun, ZHOU Tiegang, LI Qiangqiang設計團隊/Project Team: 土上建筑/Onearth Architecture

建筑面積/Floor Area: 648m2

設計時間/Design Period: 2013.05-2014.04

建成時間/Completion Time: 2016.08

攝影/Photos: 蔣蔚，李強強，王正陽/JIANG Wei, LI Qiangqiang, WANG Zhengyang

3 全景/Full exterior view

5 場院/Yard

6 剖面/Section

7 嬉戲中的小朋友/Kids playing

評委評語

該建筑具有多方面多層次的實驗性意義。

夯土是當地傳統(tǒng)的建造形式，此次建造在傳統(tǒng)模式上增添新的設計元素，將現(xiàn)代夯土的理念很好地表達了出來。讓村民為自己使用的房子施工，既延續(xù)了傳統(tǒng)的工藝方法，又幫助他們學習使用了新技術和新工具。學生志愿者的加入，既可以讓他們在實際操作中領悟建筑知識、增強學習興趣，也能夠在與村民的交流中體驗當地民俗文化，感悟生活，更體現(xiàn)了生土營建的可持續(xù)性。建筑設計結合地域特色，較好地考慮了光、水、電等能源的自足性，為地方鄉(xiāng)建做了積極示范。同時，新建筑將當代藝術感引入鄉(xiāng)村，也為村民的生活帶來了生機與活力。

Jury Statement

Tamped earth is used in a local traditional model.Based on the traditional model, new design elements are added to effectively convey the idea of modern tamped earth. Villagers are allowed to construct this building for their own use. This approach not only continues applying traditional construction techniques in practice, but it also helps villagers learn how to use new technologies and new invented tools. Student volunteers are allowed to participate in the construction process. As a result, they not only acquire architectural knowledge and increase their interest in architecture through practice, but they also enjoy local customs and culture and understand life situations through communication with local villagers. This method embodies the sustainability of indigenous architecture. The architectural design is congruous with regional features, and thus relatively takes the self-sufficiency of light, water, and electricity into consideration. It sets a good example for rural construction. Moreover, the building introduces a sense of contemporary art to the countryside, bringing vigour and vitality to rural life.

8 托兒所室內/Interior of the child care

9 皮影戲/Chinese shadow puppetry