KEYWORDS TO UNDERSTAND CHINA

可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略

中國是人口眾多、資源相對不足的國家。改革開放以來，黨中央、國務(wù)院高度重視中國的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。1994年3月，國務(wù)院通過《中國21世紀(jì)議程》，確定實施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。2003年初，國務(wù)院頒布《中國21世紀(jì)初可持續(xù)發(fā)展行動綱要》，明確未來10到20年的可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)、重點和保障措施。黨的十五大、十六大、十七大、十八大，都對可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略提出具體要求。黨的十九大報告更是將可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略確定為決勝全面建成小康社會需要堅定實施的七大戰(zhàn)略之一?？沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展是基于社會、經(jīng)濟、人口、資源、環(huán)境相互協(xié)調(diào)和共同發(fā)展的理論和戰(zhàn)略，主要包括生態(tài)可持續(xù)發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)發(fā)展和社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展，以保護自然資源環(huán)境為基礎(chǔ)，以激勵經(jīng)濟發(fā)展為條件，以改善和提高人類生活質(zhì)量為目標(biāo)，宗旨是既能相對滿足當(dāng)代人的需求，又不能對后代的發(fā)展構(gòu)成危害。中國實施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的指導(dǎo)思想是堅持以人為本，以人與自然的和諧為主線，以經(jīng)濟發(fā)展為核心，以提高人民群眾生活質(zhì)量為根本出發(fā)點，以科技和體制創(chuàng)新為突破口，堅持不懈地全面推進經(jīng)濟社會與人口、資源和生態(tài)環(huán)境的協(xié)調(diào)，不斷提高中國的綜合國力和競爭力。十九大報告賦予可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略新的時代內(nèi)涵，首次提出建設(shè)“富強民主文明和諧美麗”的社會主義現(xiàn)代化強國目標(biāo)，生態(tài)文明建設(shè)上升為新時代中國特色社會主義的重要組成部分。

STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

C hina has a large population and limited resources. Ever since the policy of reform and opening-up was initiated, the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and the State Council have been attaching great importance to the issue of sustainable development. China's Agenda 21 adopted by the State Council in March 1994 reconfirmed the imperative to promote sustainable development. A program of action on sustainable development in the early 21st century unveiled by the State Council in early 2003 outlined sustainable development goals, areas of focus and measures to achieve these goals in the following 10 to 20 years. Specific sustainable development measures were also proposed at the 15th, 16th, 17th and 18th CPC national congresses. A sustainable development strategy was identified in the report to the 19th CPC National Congress as one of the seven strategies for realizing the goal of building a moderately prosperous society.

Underpinning this strategy is the concept of coordination and interaction between social, economic, demographic and environmental progresses. The strategy covers ecological, economic and social sustainability. It promotes economic development while protecting natural resources and the environment. It aims to improve the wellbeing of the people, and to ensure that the needs of the present generation are met without compromising the chance and potential of future generations.

The strategy is informed by a people-centered approach, a vision for harmony between man and nature, and the need for eco-friendly economic development. Science and technology and institutional reform will play a critical role in improving the wellbeing of the people. We must never falter in our efforts to strike a balance between economic, social, demographic, resource and environmental considerations, while strengthening China's composite national strength and competitiveness.

By placing the sustainable development strategy in a new context, the report to the 19th CPC National Congress outlined for the first time the goal of building a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious and beautiful. Environmental protection has thus become an important element of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era.