Exploration and Innovation of Village Planning Compilation Based on the Background of Land Space Planning

College of City Construction, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China

Abstract Compilation work of land space planning at village level is important point in promoting the strategy of rural revitalization and the key for specific implementation of land space planning. Based on analyzing the existing problems in the planning at village level in China, overall guidelines and specific measures of land space planning compilation at village level are proposed, and some thoughts and suggestions on how to perfect its legal status, considering regional characteristics and valuing landscape design are put forward.

Key words Village Planning, Land space planning, Rural revitalization

1 Introduction

As an important link of realizing rural revitalization, land space planning at village level is the fundamental and strategic comprehensive design of overall and coordinated development, and the space layout of land development and utilization in village region, with the highest status and the strongest comprehensiveness[1-3]. At present, compilation of land space planning at village level in China is still in starting stage, and how to rationally carry out layout of land space at village level becomes an important problem to be solved.

2 Leading role of planning

2.1 Macro level——conducting superordinate planningThe compiled rural construction planning in county region will sufficiently realize the docking of land space planning. An important carrier of implementing "three areas and three lines" is overall planning urban and rural development space at regional layer. According to national requirements of rural revitalization strategy and task, combining status quo of economy and society in rural region and regional development conditions, top level design of rural revitalization strategy with local characteristics is formed, and leading role of the planning is strengthened. Meanwhile, optimization of space policy in rural region is conducted, and spatial policy system of urban-rural integration at macro-medium-micro level, and suggestions on planning management and supporting policies of supporting spatial policy system of urban-rural integration are explored. Moreover, special plan involving agriculture of each department, beautiful village project and renovation project of human settlements are integrated, and "one map" management is finally realized.

2.2 Meso level——guiding classificationThe planning focuses on enhancing development goal and strategic path of rural areas, further optimizes urban and rural spatial layout and form, strengthens ecological protection and cultural inheritance, plans layout of major facilities, innovates urban management system, and tries to solve the outstanding problems in the development of urbanization. As non statutory planning at the meso level in rural region, positive intervention and guidance are dominant, and management and control are auxiliary. It is taken as an important link of controlling subsidence and planning connection in land space planning, and focuses on guiding classification development of village. It is proposed that village development targets and implementation countermeasures at different development stages become necessary basis of village planning compilation.

2.3 Micro level——guiding village planningIt needs clearing planning content of downward transmission, and guiding village planning compilation by classification. Different types of villages realize different development targets, and the planning coordinates rural planning and construction within the jurisdiction, and guides following rural planning and construction. It effectively uses level-one financial decision-making power and agricultural funds in planning district. Combining planning target, ordered construction of village is planned, and planning of coordinating population, space, resources, and facilities is compiled. Construction plan by stages is made, and land for major facilities and industrial projects is implemented. Key construction project library and action plan are established, and operability of planning is improved.

3 Main problems in current village-level planning

3.1 Current planning valuing city over village, causing unbalanced allocation of urban and rural resourcesFor a long time, the concept of "valuing city over village" has always existed in China’s planning compilation[4-5]. At town planning aspect, perfect planning system is established to guide urban construction in an all-round way by detailed planning and town master plan. At village-level planning aspect, position of land space planning at village level is unclear since there lack legal documents defining the legal status of village-level space planning[6]. Moreover, index distribution of new construction land tends toward the city in many regions, causing unbalanced allocation of urban and rural land resources.

3.2 Small scale of current planning difficult to guide specific practice of village-level planningIn theTechnicalGuidelinesforVillageLandUsePlanningCompilation, compulsory arrangement has not been made for the overall land use planning at the village level, causing that there lack available data for village-level planning[7-9]. The differences of land types in villages are more and more obvious, and current land classification in village is difficult to be implemented according to national standard. Main problems are as below. First, part of the land has not yet been defined. For example, land for special and new functions such as memorial square and cemetery has not been defined in classification of current village-level planning land. Second, the classification of part of land is too rough. For example, the land for public service facilities in village containing religion, health, culture, sports, education, and public management is simply and uniformly defined as "land for public service facilities of village" in current classification guide.

3.3 Relevant planning conflicts clashing, and village-level scale difficult to implementAt present, the phenomenon of "planning fighting" sometimes occurred in village-level planning compilation in many regions. For example, there is different emphasis when land and resources department compiles village-level land use planning, agricultural department compiles new rural construction planning, and housing sector compiles village planning. It causes that there is larger conflict in target, basis, land space layout and control rules of village-level planning, which is not easy to coordinate[10-12].

4 Compilation thinking and innovation of village-level land space planning in new era

4.1 Refined land arrangement by using large-scale basic data as base mapSince space scale becomes small, base map of village-level land space planning should take basic data with larger scale. Village-level planning maps, containing land use planning map, land use status map and other relevant planning maps are suitable to select basic data with 1∶2 000 scale or higher precision. In actual operation, it could be properly adjusted according to area of administrative region. Qualified villages could use basic data in 1∶500 of scale, such as urban-rural junction areas, urban suburbs and economically developed villages.

4.2 Realizing optimal allocation of spatial layout of land resources based on assessment of resources and environment carrying capacityThe bearing capacity of resources and environment determines the scientific limits of land space planning. If land resources development and utilization neglect assessment of resources and environment carrying capacity and do not respect objective requirements of resources and environment, it will seriously affect feasibility, rationality and scientificity of space planning of land resources. Finally it will destroy environment and resources, and obstruct sustainable development of land use. Therefore, compilation of land space planning at village level should take assessment of resources and environment carrying capacity as the basis and premise, and properly arrange and regulate intensity and depth of resource development activities and environmental remediation activities in the region, making it be controlled within the reasonable range of resources and environment carrying.

4.3 Perfecting land classification standard of land space planning at village level, and normalizing unification of compilation proceduresImportant measure of improving the quality of village-level space planning is establishing unified land use classification system of village-level land space planning. On the basis of theClassificationGuideofVillagePlanningLand, reasonable optimization of adding new classification, detailed classification and extending definition needs to be carried out. In optimization process, below points need to be noticed. First, it should maintain three categories of land use unchanged, to guarantee and coordinate that spatial planning and management at each level are not affected. Second, the used classification standard should consider property, construction situation and property rights of the land. Third, according to specific situation of village, classification is optimized for land development control, and refinement degree of land classification is improved, and special land and new functional land are comprehensively considered.

4.4 Land space planning at village level truely realizing "unification"Land space planning at village level is not an independent plan, but covers culture, industry, ecology, land, traffic, and history. Compared with planning at other layers, land space planning at village level shows more microcosmic and diversified. Therefore, village-level land space planning must be contained in national space planning system, and relevant departments cooperate to promote, enhance technology research, optimize allocation of village resources, and finally realize "integration".

4.5 The public deeply integrating and participating, and improving enforceability of planning resultsFarmers are not only the objects of planning but also the beneficiaries. In compilation process of village-level land space planning, it should sufficiently solicit villagers’ wishes, and actively promote the bottom-up common planning mode. It not only makes that future development of village is more suitable for villagers’ wishes but also greatly improves enforceability of planning results.

5 Related suggestions on village planning

5.1 Perfecting legal status of village-level land space planningAt present, there are fewer laws and regulations on village-level planning in China, causing that the compilation and implementation of village-level land space planning are not standardized enough. Therefore, it must sort out relevant laws and regulations at this stage, and clear legal status of land space planning by setting theLandSpacePlanningLaw. Governments at all levels should issue corresponding supporting legal system, and establish a complete and comprehensive legal system of space planning, to ensure that there are laws to follow in the construction and development of villages.

5.2 Valuing region features, and giving consideration to the overall developmentLand space planning at village level needs solving village development problem, embodying regional characteristics, and continuing the unique cultural environment of the village. At present, more and more cultural villages, leisure villages, tourism villages, ecological villages, folk villages and other characteristic elements are integrated into the planning. But it can’t be mechanically copied in the planning, and the planning should take real life and production demands of village as orientation. Urbanization degree, industry development situation and area characteristic of village should be comprehensively studied to organize planning content, and avoid the phenomenon of repetition.

5.3 Valuing landscape design, and guiding land space layout by detailed planningVillage development model gradually transforms from traditional driven model of economic growth to propulsion model of multiple driven factors by industry updating, cultural refinement and environmental optimization. As an important driving carrier of rural development, by comprehensively shaping rural construction, culture and ecology, rural landscape design could sublime rural spirit and culture, and create high-quality village landscape, finally realizing coordinated and healthy development of village. Therefore, it should sufficiently consider landscape design and other detailed planning, clear its structure layout, determine village development target, and guide layout of land space at village level when compiling land space planning at village level.

5.4 Establishing communication and coordination mechanism of planningAt compilation stage of planning, it should enhance the organization and coordination work at district level, clear work functions of each department, innovate management and communication mechanism with grass roots, effectively reflect the demands of the grassroots, strengthen supply of land management supporting system, and tilt to land use index for rural construction project implementation. The top-down planning transmission mechanism and the bottom-up planning adjustment filing mechanism should be established. Under the premise of not breaking through the total scale of construction land and permanent basic farmland layout, it allows compiling village planning and specifying land layout. Rural construction planning in county region could be refined and amended via approval and filing of village planning.

6 Conclusions

By compiling land space planning in village range, land use planning at countryside (town) level and overall arrangement of village and town planning are refined, and the development, utilization and protection of the land space in the village are coordinated as a whole, and various land use activities in rural areas are rationally arranged, to adapt to agricultural and rural development requirements in new period. "Planning science is the greatest benefit, and planning mistake is the biggest waste, and planning toss is the biggest taboo". In compilation process of land space planning at village level, it should improve the quality of agricultural development and rural people’s livelihood security level, impel rural green development, prosper rural culture, and enhance institutional supply for rural revitalization according to requirements for implementing the strategy of rural revitalization, to construct a new pattern of harmonious coexistence and development of man and nature.