刊首語

20 世紀(jì)90年代末，隨著社會(huì)綜合實(shí)力的提升和專業(yè)領(lǐng)域交流需求的增加，全國性的園林園藝博覽會(huì)開始出現(xiàn)。1999年昆明世界園藝博覽會(huì)的舉辦，將我國園林園藝博覽會(huì)的發(fā)展推到了世界級的高度。我們至今仍能回憶起昆明世園會(huì)滿園的春色、精美的園林、熙攘的人潮和悠揚(yáng)的民族舞曲，每一位參觀者都是興奮的、期待的、積極的，這種場景在后來的上海世博會(huì)中也表現(xiàn)得較為突出。時(shí)隔20年，國際A1 類的世園會(huì)又一次來到中國，北京會(huì)給世界呈現(xiàn)什么樣的狀態(tài)呢？我們同樣期待。

世界是變化的，20年來，中國大中小城市的面貌都發(fā)生了實(shí)質(zhì)性的改變，園林行業(yè)也發(fā)生了深刻的變化，由簡單的園林綠化美化走向了生態(tài)文明引領(lǐng)。人們對園林園藝已經(jīng)不再陌生，不同層級的世園會(huì)、園博會(huì)、綠博會(huì)、花博會(huì)層出不窮，輪番上演。人們對世園會(huì)的理解逐漸由關(guān)注表象到關(guān)心實(shí)質(zhì)，世園會(huì)要解決的問題越來越綜合、越來越復(fù)雜，這些都給主辦方和設(shè)計(jì)師帶來了前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)。

從歷史發(fā)展看，世園會(huì)要承載一個(gè)國家在特定歷史時(shí)期的發(fā)展理念和發(fā)展水平，要向世界展示園林園藝發(fā)展的新理念、新技術(shù)、新成果，這是要有高度的。北京世園會(huì)舉辦之際，正值新中國成立70 周年，全面建成小康社會(huì)前夕。世園會(huì)組委會(huì)提出要將2019 北京世園會(huì)作為展示我國生態(tài)文明建設(shè)成果、促進(jìn)綠色產(chǎn)業(yè)國際交流與合作的重要舞臺(tái)，作為弘揚(yáng)綠色發(fā)展理念、推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式和居民生活方式轉(zhuǎn)變的重要契機(jī)，作為建設(shè)美麗中國的生動(dòng)實(shí)踐。從這個(gè)意義上看，我們就不難理解本屆世園會(huì)的辦會(huì)目標(biāo)“世界園藝新境界，生態(tài)文明新典范”。

從社會(huì)生活看，世園會(huì)要承載當(dāng)下社會(huì)發(fā)展和人們生活的需要，這是要有廣度的。如今的世園會(huì)不僅僅是一場有期限的展覽活動(dòng)，更要持續(xù)有效地帶動(dòng)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，并為更大范圍的人們創(chuàng)造美好的生活環(huán)境。于是“綠色生活，美麗家園” 成為本屆世園會(huì)的主題。世園會(huì)需要更關(guān)注本質(zhì)，關(guān)注園林園藝走進(jìn)生活、服務(wù)市民，需要更關(guān)注園林園藝從業(yè)者之間的展示交流、促進(jìn)行業(yè)進(jìn)步，而不是把重點(diǎn)放在展會(huì)期間短暫的狂歡和慶典。世園會(huì)后的世博園要成為北京的新地標(biāo)，一個(gè)綠色生態(tài)的大花園，以此帶動(dòng)地區(qū)的綠色產(chǎn)業(yè)升級和旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，為北京和全國服務(wù)。

從規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)看，世園會(huì)要體現(xiàn)出風(fēng)景園林規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)的最新理念和最高水平，這是要有深度的。20年來，我國風(fēng)景園林事業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，有影響的設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)越來越多，百花齊放、百家爭鳴，國內(nèi)外設(shè)計(jì)師經(jīng)常同臺(tái)競技，設(shè)計(jì)理念不斷融合。設(shè)計(jì)師在注重功能和形式的基礎(chǔ)上，不斷思考人與自然、主觀與客觀的關(guān)系，不斷踐行傳統(tǒng)園林文化精髓思想的傳承與創(chuàng)新，不斷探索生態(tài)理念在地域性景觀營造上的實(shí)施策略，這些都可以在本屆世園會(huì)的規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)中有所體現(xiàn)?！白寛@藝融入自然，讓自然感動(dòng)心靈” 的辦會(huì)理念，將打開設(shè)計(jì)師與自然相通的內(nèi)心世界，并通過設(shè)計(jì)傳達(dá)給公眾，感染每一位游客。

2019年來了，北京世園會(huì)來了，我們可以設(shè)想這樣的場景，圍繞中國館的核心景區(qū)將成為游覽的熱點(diǎn)，山水園藝軸和世界園藝軸將精彩紛呈，各個(gè)公共景點(diǎn)和眾多國內(nèi)外展園將帶給我們更多的驚喜。作為專業(yè)人士，我們需要透過表象去思考，我們能否通過本屆世園會(huì)，捕捉到世界園藝發(fā)展的趨勢，找到行業(yè)甚至個(gè)人的未來方向。本期的主題文章可以帶給我們對北京世園會(huì)初步的了解，更重要的是，我們要身臨其境，到實(shí)際場景中，用身體去感受，用眼睛去觀察，用大腦去思考，用內(nèi)心去評價(jià)……

At the end of the 1990s, with the improvement of the comprehensive strength of the society and the increasing demand for communication in the professional field, the national garden fair began to appear in China. The 1999 Kunming World Horticultural Exposition was held, and the development of China's garden expo was pushed to a world-class level. We can still recall the spring colors, exquisite gardens, bustling crowds and melodious folk dances of the Kunming World Expo Park. Every visitorwas excited, expecting and active. This scene was later in Shanghai, which also performed more prominently in the World Expo. Now, after a lapse of 20 years, the international A1 class world garden expo will once again come to China. What kind of state will Beijing present to the world? We are also looking forward to it.

The world is changing. In the past 20 years, the faces of China's large, medium and small cities have undergone substantial changes. The garden industry has also undergone profound changes, from simple landscaping and beautification to ecological civilization. People are no longer unfamiliar with landscape and gardening. The various levels of world expo, garden expo, green expo, and flower expo are endless. People's understanding of the world expo gradually shifts the focus from appearance to essence, and the issues that the world expo is expected to solve are more comprehensive and more complex, which brings unprecedented challenges to the organizers and designers.

From the perspective of historical development, the world expo carries the development philosophy and development level of a country in a certain historical period, which is a high requirement. The world expo shows the world new ideas, new technologies and new achievements in the development of gardening and horticulture. The Beijing International Horticultural Exhibitionwill be held on the eve of the 70thanniversary of the founding of the New China and the completion of a well-off society. The organizing committee of the Beijing International Horticultural Exhibition proposed to take the 2019 Beijing International Horticultural Exhibitionas an important stage to showcase the achievements of China's ecological civilization construction and promote international exchanges and cooperation in green industries, as an important opportunity of promoting the concept of green development, promoting the mode of economic development and changing the lifestyle of residents, and as a vivid practice of building beautiful China. From this point of view, it is not difficult for us to understand the goal of this International Horticultural Exhibition, "the new realm of world horticulture, and a new paradigm of ecological civilization".

From the perspective of social life, the world expo has to carry the needs of the current social development and people's lives, which is a requirement for breadth. Today's world expo is not just a time-limited exhibition, and it must continue to effectively promote the development of the regional economy and create a good living environment for a wider range of people. So "green life, beautiful home" became the theme of this year's Horticultural Exposition. The world expo needs to pay more attention to the essence, pay attention to landscape and gardening entering the life and serving the public, and needs to pay more attention to the display and exchange between the gardening and gardening practitioners, and promote the progress of the industry, instead of focusing on the shortterm carnival and celebration during the exhibition. The expo park after the world expo will become Beijing's new landmark, a green and ecological garden, which will drive the regional green industry upgrade and tourism economic development to serve Beijing and the whole country.

From the perspective of planning and design, the world expo should reflect the latest concepts and the highest level of landscape planning and design in the emerging stage, which requires depth. In the past 20 years, China's garden landscape industry has flourished, and there are more and more influential design institutions. Like hundreds of flowers bloom and hundreds of schools contend, designers at home and abroad often compete on the same stage, and the design concept is continuously integrated. On the basis of focusing on function and form,designers constantly think about the relationship between man and nature, subjectivity and objectivity, constantly practice the inheritance and innovation of the essence of traditional garden culture, and constantly explore the implementation strategy of ecological concept in regional landscape construction, which can be reflected in the planning and design of this International Horticultural Exposition. The concept of "let the garden integrate into nature and let the nature touch the soul" will open up the inner world of designers and nature, and convey it to the public through design to move every visitor.

Beijing International Horticultural Exhibition will come in 2019. We can imagine such a scene that the core scenic spots around the China Pavilion will become a hot spot for sightseeing, the landscape gardening axis and the world gardening axis will be splendid, and various public attractions and numerous domestic and international exhibition gardens will bring us more surprises. As professionals, we need to think through the appearance if we can capture the trend of world horticulture development through this World Expo, and find the future direction of the industry and even individuals. The papers in this issue can give us a preliminary understanding. More importantly, we must be immersed in the actual situation, use the body to feel, use the eyes to observe, use the mind to think, and use the heart to evaluate…