龔理杰 呂振曄 丁小文 石吉
[摘要] 目的 觀察舒肝涼血湯改善乳腺癌術(shù)后使用藥物去勢(shì)患者圍絕經(jīng)期綜合征的臨床療效。 方法 選取2015年6月~2017年10月在浙江省人民醫(yī)院接受藥物去勢(shì)治療出現(xiàn)圍絕經(jīng)期癥狀并經(jīng)中醫(yī)辨證為肝郁血熱型的乳腺癌患者96例作為研究對(duì)象,采用隨機(jī)雙盲對(duì)照法分為治療組和對(duì)照組,每組48例。治療組給予內(nèi)分泌治療并服用舒肝涼血湯,對(duì)照組給予內(nèi)分泌治療并服用安慰劑,比較兩組圍絕經(jīng)期癥狀變化情況及不良反應(yīng)情況,并進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。 結(jié)果 治療后,治療組Kupperman評(píng)分下降近50%,40例治療有效,總有效率為83.3%;對(duì)照組Kupperman評(píng)分下降不到27%,19例治療有效,總有效率僅為39.6%,治療組療效顯著優(yōu)于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),兩組均未發(fā)生明顯不良反應(yīng)。 結(jié)論 舒肝涼血湯能有效緩解乳腺癌術(shù)后使用藥物去勢(shì)患者的圍絕經(jīng)期癥狀,療效安全可靠,值得臨床推廣應(yīng)用。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 舒肝涼血湯;肝郁血熱型;乳腺癌;藥物去勢(shì);圍絕經(jīng)期綜合征
[中圖分類號(hào)] R273? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701(2019)33-0127-04
[Abstract] Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Shugan Liangxue decoction in improving peri-menopausal syndrome in the patients with breast cancer using postoperative medical castration. Methods 96 cases with breast cancer receiving medical castration who developed peri-menopausal symptoms and who were diagnosed as having liver stagnation and blood heat by TCM differentiation during the period from June 2015 to October 2017 were selected. They were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 48 cases in each group. The treatment group was treated with endocrine therapy and Shugan Liangxue decoction, while the control group was treated with endocrine therapy and placebo. The changes of peri-menopausal symptoms and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups, and statistical analysis was performed. Results After treatment, the Kupperman score in the treatment group decreased nearly 50%, 40 cases were effective, and the total effective rate was 83.3%. the Kupperman score in the control group decreased less than 27%, 19 cases were effective, and the total effective rate was only 39.6%. The curative effect in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no obvious adverse reaction in two groups. Conclusion Shugan Liangxue Decoction can effectively alleviate the peri-menopausal symptoms of patients with breast cancer receiving postoperative medical castration. The curative effect is safe and reliable, and it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
[Key words] Shugan Liangxue decoction; Liver stagnation and blood heat; Breast cancer; Medical castration; Peri-menopausal syndrome
乳腺癌發(fā)病率及死亡率居全球女性惡性腫瘤首位[1],我國(guó)以45歲以下絕經(jīng)前癌癥患者中乳腺癌死亡率最高[2],其嚴(yán)重威脅著女性的身體健康。不同分子分型的乳腺癌具有截然不同的分子機(jī)制及生物學(xué)行為,激素受體陽(yáng)性乳腺癌患者通常被認(rèn)為預(yù)后較好,但該類患者在術(shù)后需要至少5年輔助內(nèi)分泌治療[3]。三苯氧胺或三苯氧胺+戈舍瑞林進(jìn)行藥物去勢(shì)是絕經(jīng)前乳腺癌患者最為常用的兩種內(nèi)分泌治療方案。對(duì)于早期、具有高復(fù)發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的患者通常采用三苯氧胺+戈舍瑞林進(jìn)行藥物去勢(shì)治療,該方案能顯著改善患者生存期,但同時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)潮熱、出汗等圍絕經(jīng)期癥狀[4,5]。近年來(lái)越來(lái)越多年輕、具有高復(fù)發(fā)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的乳腺癌患者接受了藥物去勢(shì)內(nèi)分泌治療,患者的生存質(zhì)量及治療依從性引起了更多人的重視。圍絕經(jīng)期癥狀對(duì)患者造成嚴(yán)重困擾,其為影響患者生存質(zhì)量及依從性的重要因素之一,據(jù)報(bào)道約有25%患者因副反應(yīng)不得不在醫(yī)囑或非醫(yī)囑的情況下停藥[6],但臨床上對(duì)此副反應(yīng)缺乏有效的治療手段,因而如何緩解此類患者癥狀成為臨床工作中上亟待解決的重大難題。在臨床實(shí)際工作中,常用激素替代療法(Hormone replacement therapy,HRT)來(lái)改善健康婦女出現(xiàn)的圍絕經(jīng)期癥狀[7],但針對(duì)于乳腺癌患者,激素替代療法已被證實(shí)是不可行的[8]。已有很多人嘗試用藥物改善圍絕經(jīng)期癥狀,其中之一為新型抗抑郁藥,新型抗抑郁藥物如SSRIs(Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)和SNRIs(Selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor)在治療潮熱癥狀方面具有明顯效果,但可能削弱三苯氧胺的治療效果[9-11]。國(guó)內(nèi)外西醫(yī)多采取對(duì)癥治療的方法,尚無(wú)針對(duì)性的藥物治療手段,不能從根本上解決該類乳腺癌患者困擾。在臨床實(shí)踐中應(yīng)用舒肝涼血湯改善乳腺癌術(shù)后使用藥物去勢(shì)患者的圍絕經(jīng)期癥狀取得了一定的療效,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)藥物去勢(shì)治療前患者的癥狀以潮熱、出汗、失眠為主,用舒肝涼血湯治療的總有效率達(dá)83.3%,其中對(duì)改善患者潮熱的效果最為顯著,可能與柴胡、丹皮、白薇清熱涼血的功效有關(guān)。近年來(lái),國(guó)內(nèi)外多項(xiàng)研究證明,柴胡的有效成分柴胡皂苷具有解熱、鎮(zhèn)靜、調(diào)節(jié)免疫等作用[19,20],白薇[21]、丹皮[22]均有退熱、抗腫瘤、增強(qiáng)免疫等藥理作用。因此,舒肝涼血湯不僅可以改善圍絕經(jīng)期癥狀,可能還具有一定增強(qiáng)免疫及抗腫瘤的效果。在本研究中還發(fā)現(xiàn)治療組治療后Kupperman評(píng)分均值較治療前有所下降,經(jīng)統(tǒng)計(jì)該組心煩失眠情況改善最明顯,可能與中醫(yī)歸經(jīng)理論中“苦味入心,能降火除煩”有關(guān),另外口服中藥湯劑對(duì)患者可能也有一定的心理暗示安慰作用。與對(duì)照組相比,舒肝涼血湯未增加與藥物相關(guān)的嚴(yán)重毒副反應(yīng)。綜上所述,認(rèn)為舒肝涼血湯是安全、有效的。
本研究結(jié)果表明舒肝涼血湯能明顯改善乳腺癌術(shù)后使用藥物去勢(shì)患者圍絕經(jīng)期綜合征的癥狀,能有效提高乳腺癌患者生活質(zhì)量,可增強(qiáng)患者治療信心,具有臨床推廣意義。
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(收稿日期:2019-06-18)