沃爾什海灣改造，悉尼，澳大利亞

建筑設(shè)計：HPA建筑事務(wù)所與PTW建筑事務(wù)所合作

Architects: HPA Architects in association with PTW Architects

沃爾什碼頭地處悉尼港沃爾什灣，1820年建成后對外開放，很快成為了當(dāng)?shù)胤比A的商業(yè)港，對悉尼航運事業(yè)做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)。然而，隨著港口現(xiàn)代化及大型現(xiàn)代集裝箱船的出現(xiàn)，碼頭的使用頻率逐漸減少，同時也因其木質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)年久失修遭受忽視和白蟻困擾而接近荒廢，改造轉(zhuǎn)型的需求日益劇增。

PTW建筑事務(wù)所堅持對歷史結(jié)構(gòu)的維護(hù)，綜合濱水開發(fā)與市政規(guī)劃部門一起同步維護(hù)城市肌理，重組功能，為沃爾什地區(qū)注入活力。改造后的濱水碼頭由住宅區(qū)、商業(yè)區(qū)及零售區(qū)域組成。

第6/7號碼頭是沃爾什灣第一階段改造的項目，選擇環(huán)保材料，采用現(xiàn)代和傳統(tǒng)結(jié)合的路線，配合生態(tài)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的開發(fā)技術(shù)手段，使其在規(guī)模、形式、肌理上自然融入海岸結(jié)構(gòu)。碼頭提供140套單層和復(fù)式公寓，包含配套的公共設(shè)施，如健身房、船舶或車輛?？课恢玫?。部分項目公寓和公共海濱廣場銜接形成新城區(qū)。

沃爾什海灣波茨格街有一處倉庫區(qū)，17座大型豪華住宅就安置在鋼架混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的倉庫之上，與Lower Fort街遙相呼應(yīng)。此外，為了保證采光的充足，每一處宅邸都包含一個私人庭院。

擁有857座的羅斯林劇院位于沃爾什灣中心地帶，是該地區(qū)的重要文化單位，劇院利用最新技術(shù)為觀眾提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的觀影條件。禮堂外墻覆蓋的彩色圖案木板是原建筑拆除的遺留物，由建筑團(tuán)隊從工地廢舊物品中打撈并逐件組裝而成。劇院目前常駐的藝術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)有悉尼劇院公司、悉尼舞蹈團(tuán)和悉尼作家節(jié)?！?/p>

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: Walsh Bay Partnership (a Mirvac/Transfield joint venture)

設(shè)計/竣工時間/Design/Completion: 1998/2004

攝影/Photos: Rowan Turner (fig. 7-10), Patrick Bingham-Hall ( fig. 4)

1 港口鳥瞰/Aerial view (Image courtesy of HPA Mirvac)

2 海岸線歷史演化示意圖/The history of shoreline

3 港口歷史航拍圖/Walsh Bay c.1937 (Image courtesy of Royal Australian Historical Society)

In the 1820s, the first wharves were built at Walsh Bay to accommodate ships carrying trade to and from Sydney Harbour and Walsh Bay soon became a bustling commercial port. With the advent of passenger jet travel and large modern container ships these wharves became obsolete.

The water and land-based buildings and vacant sites at Walsh Bay offer residential apartments, cafes, restaurants, retail, cultural and commercial buildings and an 850-seat drama theatre as well as commercial and retail space. The redevelopment of the Walsh Bay precinct combines restoration and adaptive re-use of historic structures and new buildings which when combined, helped to reinvigorate this important but disused waterfront area.

Pier 6/7 was an integral part of the first stage of the Walsh Bay Redevelopment, one of Australia's major urban renewal undertakings. The construction utilised principles of ecologically sustainable development (ESD) and robust maritime materials, such as timber and stainless steel, appropriate to the location. The pier provides 140 apartments in single and double storey configurations, residents' common areas, a gym and health club, boat moorings and car parkings.

Pier 6/7 was an important piece of infill architecture on Sydney Harbour's foreshore. It needed to relate in scale, form and grain to the magnificent timber wharf and shore structures nearby.

Combined with the Shore 8-9 apartments (containing another 99 apartments) and the public waterfront concourse, this project created an important new precinct for the people of Sydney.

Seventeen grand terrace homes were designed for a vacant site, overhead a 1920s reinforced concrete bond store structure, in Pottinger Street, Walsh Bay. The luxury homes were designed to reflect the context of the nearby terrace houses along Lower Fort Street, yet maintain a contemporary expression.

Each terrace addresses the street and contains a garden and a rear private courtyard. As the site was steeply stepped to the south from Pottinger Street, a central atrium was provided for light and solar access.

The Roslyn Packer Theatre is a first class 857-seat drama theatre located in the heart of the Walsh Bay heritage precinct. The venue utilises the latest in theatre and design technology to ensure optimal audience conditions with excellent sight lines and acoustic environment. The auditorium, foyers and fly tower occupy the space created by the demolition of a warehouse built in the 1950s. Back of house and support facilities are located within adjacent heritage buildings.

Since opening, the theatre has achieved the highest performance standards for both the actors and the audience. The external wall of the auditorium is clad in coloured and patterned timber battens salvaged from the site and composed piece by piece by the architectural team.

The theatre currently houses several major arts institutions, most notably: The Sydney Theatre Company, Sydney Dance Company and Sydney Writers' Festival.□

4 外景/Exterior view

5 平面/Plan

6 剖面/Section

7.8 木結(jié)構(gòu)/Timber structure

9 海景住宅/The sea view from the residence

評論

何可人：這是一個難得的城市更新項目，在已經(jīng)開始敗落的港口區(qū)開發(fā)住宅來增強(qiáng)整個區(qū)域的活力，建筑和公共空間的肌理保持原有的風(fēng)貌，利用道路和連接橋避免與城市另一側(cè)割裂開。文字中沒有詳細(xì)介紹的是這個港口區(qū)域有著得天獨厚的條件，具有一個多世紀(jì)的歷史和人文，中間歷經(jīng)不同時期的發(fā)展，特別是最后由于演藝文化創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)的興起促進(jìn)了整個地區(qū)的發(fā)展。建筑改造得也恰如其分，保持了原有的格局，利用新的材料和技術(shù)。其他城市總是將一些港口空間改造成開放的市民設(shè)施，而這里建筑密度很大，雖然有一些吸引游客的行走項目，但是最新的開發(fā)沒有形成理想的開放公共空間，算是一種遺憾吧。鮑勃·卡爾：悉尼的城市面貌在新的時代背景下得到了很多優(yōu)秀建筑師的參與。如今，我們要在這一系列名單中，自豪地添加上沃爾什灣開發(fā)項目，這個全新的城市建筑組群重新豐富了悉尼優(yōu)美的濱水岸線。不同國籍的居民聚集在此工作和生活，證明了這個改造設(shè)計對增添濱水空間魅力的貢獻(xiàn)。沃爾什灣項目帶動了當(dāng)?shù)孛癖妼Τ鞘懈碌臒崆?，并驗證了現(xiàn)代和傳統(tǒng)之間平衡可以通過適宜的保護(hù)設(shè)計來呈現(xiàn)。它和一些優(yōu)秀的改造案例，如音樂學(xué)院、奧羅拉廣場、歌劇院碼頭、天使廣場等共同構(gòu)成了澳大利亞步入21世紀(jì)的重要文化標(biāo)識。

10 外景/Exterior view

Comments

HE Keren: This is a big urban regeneration project that intended to boost the underdeveloped harbor area by building housing and other infrastructure. The architects and engineers keep the original pattern for architecture and public spaces, adding the buildings along roads and build connecting bridges to the harbor to avoid separation. What the project texts do not mention in detail is that this harbor is an unique, historically rich area that has experienced various changes and development over a century, especially the initiation of the theatrical culture that started to bring up the development of the entire area. The architectural renovation is also quite appropriate by maintaining the original layout and utilising the new materials and technologies. Such harbor redevelopment in other big cities always tends to create a large public space for tourists and local residents. Although there are a few walking tours developed here in this project, the density of the project didn't allow for larger public spaces.

Bob Carr: This era of Sydney's evolving modern face has been blessed with really good advice and great collaborating designers. To this large list we proudly add the Walsh Bay development, another landmark by which a great waterfront will be redefined. Without this eager gathering of talent, this shrewd and intricate local enthusiasm, this hard-nosed and hard-fought love of this city, then our much acknowledged latter-day triumphs - the Conservatorium, Aurora Place, Opera Quays, Angel Place and the many other quiet miracles that powered the city at the turn of the millennium - would not have achieved for Sydney the unfeigned esteem it now enjoys and richly merits worldwide.