Richard Wilbur
Obscurely yet most surely called to praise,
As sometimes summer calls us all,I said
The hills are heavens full of branching ways
Where star-nosed moles fly overhead the dead;
I said the trees are mines in air,I said
See how the sparrow burrows in the sky!
And then I wondered why this mad instead
Perverts our praise to uncreation,why
Such savor's in this wrenching things awry.
Does sense so stale that it must needs derange
The world to know it?To a praiseful eye
Should it not be enough of fresh and strange
That trees grow green, and moles van course in clay,
And sparrows sweep the ceiling of our day?
模糊而肯定,我應(yīng)邀贊頌,
像夏天常常邀請我們那樣,
我說山是布滿岔道的天空,
星鼻子鼴鼠在死尸上飛翔。
我說樹木是空中的礦井,
看麻雀怎樣在天空打洞!
為何病態(tài)地替換,我納悶,
導(dǎo)致毀滅并歪曲我的贊頌;
為何對扭曲事物津津樂道。
難道感官如此陳舊和遲鈍,
世界不顛倒反而不能知曉?
贊賞之眼只見樹木綠而純,
鼴鼠土里打洞,麻雀飛過白晝,
脫穎而清新,這不也已足夠?
理查德·威爾伯(Richard Wilbur,1921—),美國當(dāng)代“桂冠詩人”?!断募举潯肥且皇讉鹘y(tǒng)的十四行詩。它不僅運(yùn)用了傳統(tǒng)的“抑揚(yáng)格”韻律和abab bcbc cdcd ee的押韻體系,同時還對現(xiàn)代派詩歌的寫作手法和認(rèn)知方式進(jìn)行了尖銳的批評。在《夏季贊》中,威爾伯想象自己是一位現(xiàn)代詩人,應(yīng)邀寫一首贊頌夏季的詩歌。但是他所想到的都是一些難以被普通讀者接受的奇想。現(xiàn)代詩人不把“樹木”想象成樹木,而把它們想象成“空中的礦井”,“鼴鼠在泥土里打洞”對他們來說已經(jīng)是過時的說法,它們應(yīng)該是在泥土里“飛翔”。相反,林雀不是在空中飛翔,而是在天空“打洞”。在詩里,威爾伯對這種想象的合理性提出質(zhì)疑?!半y道世界不顛倒反而不能知曉?”在他看來,樹就是樹,鼴鼠在泥土里打洞,麻雀在天空飛翔,這已經(jīng)很自然,同時也很清新、很優(yōu)美。