蔣躍的水彩人生行走于藝術(shù)和生活之間

周懿

筆耕不輟的藝術(shù)人生

蔣躍鶴發(fā)童顏、聲如洪鐘，更令人感嘆的是他仿佛活力無限。他是畫家，是教育家，是媒體人，是管理者……采訪約在上午10點，蔣躍已工作了兩個多小時，他說自己是個閑不下來的人，正趁著好天氣“曬曬書”——滿滿一地他的過往著作：教學(xué)研究、文集、畫集、著作、雜志，行行排列的書籍占據(jù)了工作室一半的面積。其中，《繪畫形式語言研究》一書在20年中不斷修改完善，被多家出版社先后以7個版本出版；《繪畫構(gòu)圖與創(chuàng)作》則被列為中國高等教育“十二五”全國規(guī)劃教材。

除了記錄他個人幾十年藝術(shù)探索歷程的一本本畫冊，出書著錄中，更是傾注了他對傳播水彩這門藝術(shù)的心血。《蔣躍水彩畫課堂》《水彩畫要點50講》《水彩畫技法、創(chuàng)意、鑒賞》《水彩畫答問》《東西方繪畫的交匯：中國當(dāng)代水彩畫研究》……中央電視臺曾于2014年拍攝水彩專題教學(xué)片《中央電視臺書畫頻道蔣躍水彩畫教學(xué)》34集，一經(jīng)播出，廣受好評。蔣躍的努力推動，為廣大藝術(shù)愛好者開拓了一條進(jìn)入水彩繪畫藝術(shù)的道路，也為藝術(shù)專業(yè)從業(yè)者指引了追求的方向。

他笑嘆，“時間過得真是快，不知不覺已經(jīng)發(fā)表了42種、總計400多萬字的著作，最近還在整理一些手稿、筆記”。蔣躍筆耕不輟，交流對話、所思所想、文化趣事都會被他記錄下來，“你看，這些筆記本整理出來又可以出書了?！焙窈竦囊豁彻P記本，記錄了他幾十年藝術(shù)人生的過往點滴，記錄了他對藝術(shù)的思考與實踐，經(jīng)過時間的沉淀，開出璀璨之花。

傳道授業(yè)桃李遍天下

蔣躍最為人熟知的身份是水彩畫家，他是中國美術(shù)學(xué)院水彩畫專業(yè)教授。少年時期的他，深受家學(xué)影響，跟隨在中國美院雕塑系任教的舅舅葉慶文學(xué)習(xí)繪畫，表現(xiàn)出藝術(shù)天賦。高中時期，他的作品入選浙江省美展。之后，蔣躍考入中國美術(shù)學(xué)院深造，機緣巧合中與水彩畫結(jié)緣。

水彩，是人們一般認(rèn)知中的小眾繪畫藝術(shù)門類。在油畫、國畫成為資本市場寵兒，價格節(jié)節(jié)攀升的當(dāng)下，蔣躍堅守水彩之路40余載?！拔艺J(rèn)為，勿以畫價論長短?！笔Y躍水彩畫的金字招牌在30多年前就立了起來，連續(xù)入選被譽為“中國美術(shù)最高殿堂”的全國美術(shù)作品展的第7、8、9、10屆，并有14次獲國家級各類獎項的紀(jì)錄。

“水彩畫講究水色交融、造型和構(gòu)圖，以及素描關(guān)系、色彩關(guān)系、空間關(guān)系、水分關(guān)系等等要素，都要在一筆之內(nèi)解決，猶如跳芭蕾舞。但水彩畫獨特的透明感、水性的韻味感，會奏出無比美妙水色交融的華彩樂章?！?996年金秋，中國美術(shù)家協(xié)會水彩藝術(shù)委員會舉辦首屆中國水彩畫藝術(shù)展，蔣躍將自己以惠安女生活為題材創(chuàng)作的《漁汛》送展，摘得金獎。第二年7月，由中國水彩畫家協(xié)會舉辦的第七屆中國水彩畫大展在四川美術(shù)學(xué)院亮相，他的《海風(fēng)》又獲唯一的金獎。

1986年，蔣躍留校任教，開啟了“師者”的身份，30多年來，桃李遍天下。他更以水彩畫普及為己任。1998年，蔣躍參與組織籌辦中國第一個官方水彩畫高研班——“首屆中國美術(shù)學(xué)院水彩畫高研班”，在杭州、北京、沈陽3地舉辦結(jié)業(yè)展覽，出版師生畫冊，引起中國水彩畫界的廣泛關(guān)注，有水彩畫“黃埔一期”的美譽。蔣躍親力親為，盡心盡責(zé)。那些當(dāng)年參與高研班的學(xué)子，如今都已成為中國水彩藝術(shù)界的一面面大旗。

水色交融顯東方神韻

“我們?nèi)绻延彤嫳茸餍≌f，把中國畫比作散文，那水彩畫就是一首首短小又精致的詩。水彩畫起源于歐洲，是貴族的藝術(shù)，就像皇后皇冠上璀璨的寶石?！闭f起水彩，蔣躍有著一種自豪的柔情。他認(rèn)為，水彩畫中水與色的結(jié)合、透明的質(zhì)感、隨機的肌理，形成奇妙的變奏，產(chǎn)生了透明酣暢、淋漓清新視覺效果，與自然幻化為和諧的靈動之美，構(gòu)成了水彩畫的個性特征，產(chǎn)生出獨特的不可替代的特殊美感。

而在水彩畫中呈現(xiàn)東方的、民族的美學(xué)，是蔣躍一直的藝術(shù)追求，“我覺得水彩畫有深厚的藝術(shù)底蘊，有遠(yuǎn)大的發(fā)展前程。中國畫講究水韻、情調(diào)，水彩畫亦然。兩者間詩意性完全相通。在當(dāng)今的水彩畫創(chuàng)作當(dāng)中，應(yīng)該融入更多的中國的民族意識，民族情懷，民族境界。水彩畫的道路，會越走越寬。”他深信民族的就是世界的。受家學(xué)影響，蔣躍有優(yōu)秀的中國畫底蘊，他在用色、用水、筆法上不斷探索，將中國畫的東方神韻融入水彩畫當(dāng)中。

2002年，蔣躍受俄羅斯文化部邀約，前往莫斯科舉辦個人畫展，大獲成功。莫斯科水彩學(xué)院校長安德烈·楊卡激動地稱贊，這位中國畫家竟然用西方傳統(tǒng)的水彩，畫出了東方美學(xué)的神韻。安德烈·楊卡還邀請他經(jīng)常帶著作品來俄羅斯交流，莫斯科水彩學(xué)院的大門隨時向他敞開。

探索修煉行者無疆

活力如他，“出去走走”不僅僅只是一句話，而是腳下的路。新疆的高山、內(nèi)蒙的草原、藏區(qū)的牧場、江南的水鄉(xiāng)、歐洲的教堂……他瀏覽風(fēng)景無數(shù)，更用水彩定格風(fēng)景無數(shù)。

2010年，蔣躍與專修俄羅斯文學(xué)的夫人李莉一同前往烏克蘭進(jìn)行學(xué)術(shù)交流。在緊張的日程安排中，他們特意抽出一天，只為尋找大文豪果戈里的故鄉(xiāng)。下了大巴突遇狂風(fēng)暴雨，恰逢幾位年輕人開車經(jīng)過，向他們伸出援手。經(jīng)過交流，知道他們是烏克蘭師范大學(xué)的教師，他們很驚訝，甚至不知道那個他們?nèi)粘Ｊ煜さ男℃?zhèn)原來是果戈里的故鄉(xiāng)，更感慨于這對來自中國的中年夫婦竟然長途跋涉尋找文學(xué)偶像。直到現(xiàn)在，他們之間仍有聯(lián)絡(luò)，或許應(yīng)該感謝那場突如其來的大雨，讓他們收獲異國摯友，收獲奇妙的旅行經(jīng)歷。

交流過程中，蔣躍對影響他一生的世界文豪如數(shù)家珍。泰戈爾的理想信念、莫泊桑的希望追求、杰克倫敦的生命力量、茅盾的悠揚激越……幾十年，慢慢化作河面蕩漾的薄霧，聚成一汪微醺的紅月亮。那些生命燃燒而成的文字，那份浪漫主義的詩情，那關(guān)于人類意念之美的畫意，融進(jìn)了他滾燙的血液中，也匯入了他畫筆靈動的色彩里。而《伏特加里的紅月亮》正是他在10多年前赴俄羅斯舉辦個人畫展并考察了伏爾加河沿岸后，與其夫人李莉合寫的一本散文體的游記。

10年前，時任中國美術(shù)學(xué)院教研處負(fù)責(zé)人的蔣躍，又被委以重任，派往該學(xué)院與浙江日報報業(yè)集團(tuán)合辦的《美術(shù)報》任副社長。當(dāng)時正值媒體報業(yè)發(fā)展的春天，有著深厚文學(xué)底蘊、心懷社會擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)乃?zé)無旁貸，除了是三尺講臺前的美院教授，還成了案邊忙碌的媒體人。說文解字、句讀標(biāo)點，一路走來，他親歷了10年來藝術(shù)圈的大小點滴，也見證了媒體報業(yè)的輝煌歲月。

蔣躍翻看著日歷，不無感慨，“晃眼之間，這都快退休啦?！倍嗌龠^往，都付笑談，面對60個春秋，他顯得釋然，“退休了，這一切反倒可以卸下了。人其實生來就是在畫句號，直至人生的終點，要把這個句號一筆一筆畫圓滿，一切均在修煉過程之中?！弊杂砂才诺臅r間，自由選擇的未來，蔣躍其實早就做了計劃，“前段時間在整理作品，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己已經(jīng)畫了上萬幅作品了。以后屬于自己的時間就多了，我希望沿著長江、黃河，一路走一路畫。‘無限風(fēng)光在險峰，去游、去看、去感受、去創(chuàng)作?！?/p>

生命不就是這樣嗎，在成長中收獲不同歲月的美好。美麗的夏天凋謝了，但強大的生命和藝術(shù)的信念，正如泰戈爾筆下的“夏花”，“生來如同璀璨的夏日之花，不凋不敗，熱烈如火”。

A Watercolor Life and Dedication

By Zhou Yi

It was an early autumn morning when I came to visit Professor Jiang Yue at his studio on the campus of China Academy of Art in Hangzhou， the capital of eastern Chinas Zhejiang Province. This visit marked the 60th year of the artists life. Jiang was about to retire.

That day， Jiang looked young despite his silver hair and his voice was sonorous. His energy was impressive. He is an artist， teacher， media worker， and administrator. I arrived at his studio at the appointed time in the morning， that is， 10 oclock. He had already worked for more than 2 hours. He said he kept himself busy. It was a fine day and the floor of the studio was full of the books. Half of the studio was stacked with books.

A prolific writer， Jiang has published 42 books on art. The books amount to a total of over 400 million words. A Study of Form and Language in Painting， a book authored by Jiang and published 20 years ago， has been modified by Jiang many times and published in seven editions by various publishers. Composition and Creative Painting was inscribed as a textbook for the 12th Five-Year Plan for the countrys higher education system.

Of the 42 books， many are collections of his watercolor works and many are textbooks. His 34-episode watercolor course was screened in 2014 on CCTV， Chinas biggest television network.

“How time flies！ I am surprised to know I have published 42 books. I have been going through some of my manuscripts and notes，” remarked Jiang. The professor is a writer indeed. He jots down his thought wherever and whenever. He pointed to a stack of notebooks， “They can become a book after I sort them out.” These notebooks are records of what he have thought about art and life over decades.

Jiang Yue is a well-known watercolor artist and professor of watercolor at China Academy of Art. While a boy， he took art lessons from his maternal uncle Ye Qingwen， who taught at the Sculpture Department of Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts， which morphed into China Academy of Art in 1993. His artwork was good enough to be exhibited at a provincial art exhibition while he was still in high school. He then studied watercolor at the academy.

He graduated in 1986 and has been teaching at his alma mater since then.

Jiang established himself as an outstanding watercolorist more than 30 years ago. His artworks appeared at the 7th， 8th， 9th and 10th National Artworks Exhibition， an event that takes place every five years since 1955 （2019 will see the 13th）. He has received 14 national awards. In 1998， he was a teacher at a national master course for watercolorists. The works created at the course were exhibited respectively in Hangzhou， Beijing and Shenyang. The young watercolor artists studying at the course are now celebrated artists.

In 2002， Jiang Yue held his solo watercolor exhibition in Moscow， at the invitation of the Ministry of Culture of Russia. It was a huge success. His style of expressing the oriental verve in the western style won many hearts there.

As an artist， he has traveled a lot， leaving his footprints across the country and in foreign lands. In 2010， he and his wife Li Li， a scholar specialized in Russian literature， visited Ukraine for taking part in an academic exchange program. They found a day to travel and visit the hometown of Nikolai Gogol. They got off the bus and walked into a storm. A car stopped for them. The young people in the car happened to be teachers of a normal university and they had the slightest idea that the town so familiar to them was the hometown of Gogol. Jiang and his wife still keep in touch with the teachers today.

Jiang said his worldview and aesthetics reflect the thought of many great literary luminaries. Over years， he has read many masters including Rabindranath Tagore， Guy de Maupassant， Jack London， and Mao Dun. His understanding of these writers may differ from those of other readers， but his understanding has long since found its way into his watercolors.

Jiang Yue was appointed vice president of Art Weekly， a periodical jointly published by China Academy of Art and Zhejiang Daily Press Group， ten years ago. The professor has done a quite lot for the paper. He has witnessed the glory of the printed medium.

He isnt sad about retirement. He is ready to put a period to the past. And he is looking forward to a freedom he has never really enjoyed in his 60-year life. “I have examined all my paintings recently and to my surprise， they amount to more than 10，000. As I have much more time to myself in the future， I will travel along the Yangtze River and the Yellow River to take a look at the world， to feel what the world offers to me， to externalize what art says to my heart and soul，” enthused Jiang Yue.