萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)之父

Tim Berners Lee is the man who wrote the software programme that led to the foundation of the World Wide Web.

Britain played an important part in developing the first generation of computers. The parents of Tim Berners Lee both worked on one of the earliest commercial computers and talked about their work at home. As a child he would build models of computers from packaging material. After graduating from Oxford University he went on to the real thing. In the 1980s， scientists were already using a primitive version of email. While working at a laboratory in Switzerland Tim Berners Lee wrote a programme which let him store these messages. In 1990 he wrote the HTTP and HTML programmes which form the basis of the World Wide Web.

The next year his programmes were placed on to the Internet. Everyone was welcome to use them and improve them if they could. Programmers used his codes to work with different operating systems. New things like web browsers and search engines were developed. Between 1991 and 1994 the number of web pages rose from 10 to 100，000.

In 1994 Tim Berners Lee formed the newly formed World Wide Web Consortium or W3C. More than 200 leading companies and laboratories are represented by W3C. Together they make sure that everyone can participate equally on the Web.

蒂姆·伯納斯·李寫(xiě)的軟件程序奠定了萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)的基礎(chǔ)。

在發(fā)展第一代電腦中，英國(guó)發(fā)揮了重要作用。蒂姆·伯納斯·李的父母都為最早的商業(yè)電腦公司工作，他們常在家里談?wù)摴ぷ?。還是孩子的時(shí)候，蒂姆·伯納斯·李就會(huì)用材料建立計(jì)算機(jī)模型。從牛津大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他就開(kāi)始真正著手關(guān)于電腦方面的東西。在20世紀(jì)80年代，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)使用了原始版本的電子郵件。當(dāng)在瑞士一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作時(shí)，蒂姆·伯納斯·李寫(xiě)了一個(gè)程序，有了這個(gè)程序他就能保存這些消息。1990年他寫(xiě)的超文本傳送協(xié)議和超文本標(biāo)記語(yǔ)言的程序構(gòu)成了萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)的基礎(chǔ)。

第二年，他的程序被放置到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上，每個(gè)人都可以使用并能夠改善這些程序。程序員使用他的編碼在不同的操作系統(tǒng)上運(yùn)行。網(wǎng)頁(yè)瀏覽器和搜索引擎這類(lèi)新事物被開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái)。在1991年到1994年，網(wǎng)頁(yè)數(shù)量從10個(gè)上升到10萬(wàn)個(gè)。

1994年，蒂姆·伯納斯·李成立了新的世界萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)聯(lián)盟協(xié)會(huì)或稱(chēng)W3C。W3C代表200多家領(lǐng)先公司和實(shí)驗(yàn)室。他們共同確保每個(gè)人都能平等地參與網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

KEYS

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

1—4 ADBD 5—8 DAAC

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

完形填空

1—5 CBADA 6—10 DBCCB

11—15 ADAAD 16—20 ACABD

語(yǔ)法填空

1. who 2. exciting 3. starts 4. than 5. to earn 6. themselves

7. encouragement 8. usually 9. for 10. lucky

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

1—4 BDAA 5—8 DABC

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

1—4 AADC

閱讀七選五

1—5 CEBFG

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

選詞填空

1. amazing 2. impressed 3. embarrassed 4. disappointed

5. misunderstanding（s） 6. encouragement 7. corrections

8. Fluency 9. moved 10. disappeared

句子翻譯

1. We have a lot of things to do. In other words， none of us can go to the movies.

2. Were looking forward to working with the new manager.

3. At the start of the story， I am impressed with this friendly teenager.

4. They divided the job into five parts， and each man did one part.

5. Fifty of us will take part in the exam.

短文改錯(cuò)

This afternoon I went to see my grandfather by a bus. It was very crowding and I had to stand. Besides me， there was a woman hold a little

crowded holding

boy in her arms. In front of her， a young man occupies two seats，

occupied

pretending to be sleeping. I heard the little boy curious asking his mother，

curiously

“Whats wrong with the uncle？”I had thought if perhaps the woman

that或去掉if

would blame the man. Beyond her expectations， the woman answered

my

with a smile， “Be quiet. This uncle must∧very tired because of hard work.”

be

The young man must have heard the word. His face turned red but offered

words and

one seat to the woman at once.

書(shū)面表達(dá)

One possible version：

My high school is located in the northern part of the city. It has two five-story teaching buildings， a library， a lab and a sports centre. Our classroom is on the third floor of No.1 teaching building. It is large， clean and bright.

On the first day of high school， we didnt have any classes. In the morning， the head teacher handed out new textbooks to us and we introduced ourselves to each other. In the afternoon， we did some cleaning and held a class meeting.

I was a little nervous but quite excited that day. I made up my mind to try my best to do well in high school.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

1—4 ABDD 5—8 CBCA

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

完形填空

1—5 BADCD 6—10 CABAC

11—15 DCDBA 16—20 BDABC

語(yǔ)法填空

1. why 2. broke 3. miles 4. to take 5. friendly

6. which 7. at 8. will take 9. me 10. others

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

1—4 DBDA 5—8 CABC

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

1—4 BDDA

閱讀七選五

1—5 CDFAB

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

選詞填空

1. admitted 2. respected 3. nervously 4. organised

5. shyness 6. impressions 7. revising 8. energetic

9. appreciation 10. waving

句子翻譯

1. In fact， you are the shyest girl Ive ever met.

2. I think it is true， but you had better make sure.

3. She saved enough money， so that she could go abroad for her vacation this year.

4. My father often falls asleep in his chair during the day.

5. It will take me a couple of days to translate this film into English.

短文改錯(cuò)

When I was having lunch in a restaurant， I noticed a young man. Dressing in black， he was playing with a smart phone while eating. She

Dressed He

smiled at everyone that walked by. All of a sudden， a boy ran into him， making some food dropping on his trousers， what I thought would make

drop which

him annoyed with the boy. Instead， he laughs it off when the mother made

laughed

the apology to him.“Never mind！”he said polite. Seeing this， I ∧

an politely was

touched and appreciated the kindness he brought to the world. On the way out， I handed to him a Smile Card which said， “Best wish and good

wishes

luck to you！”

書(shū)面表達(dá)

One possible version：

My Favorite Teacher

Mrs. Wang is my favourite teacher. She is our class teacher. She teaches us English. She is a very good teacher and we all like her very much.

Mrs. Wang is in her forties. She is tall and slim， and always wears glasses. She has been a teacher for many years， so she has rich teaching experience. She speaks English well.

Mrs. Wang always thinks of ways to make her classes lively and interesting. Not only have we learnt a lot of English from her， but we have also learnt a lot about the cultures of foreign countries.

She is very patient and helpful， though strict with us. We are proud to be the students of such a great teacher.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

1—4 ACBC 5—8 CCDA

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

完形填空

1—5 AACDB 6—10 DACAC

11—15 BBDAA 16—20 BCCAA

語(yǔ)法填空

1. for 2. better 3. called 4. watching 5.a 6. foolishly

7. to save 8. lacks 9. and 10. your

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

1—4 BCDD 5—8 CABB

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

1—4 CBBC

閱讀七選五

1—5 FBEAG

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

選詞填空

1. abandoned 2. shot 3. trained 4. avoiding

5. frightened 6. Admitting 7. relaxes 8. seriously

9. correcting 10. exhausted

句子翻譯

1. The plane took off an hour late.

2. Call me Jo—its short for Joanna.

3. My parents wont allow me to travel with you any more.

4. We missed the train because our timetable is out of date.

5. Excuse me， what do these words in this paragraph refer to？

短文改錯(cuò)

“International Airport， be quick！” I shouted to the driver while put my luggage in the car. Not a word from the shocking driver， he

putting shocked

started the car and we rushed away. Soon he noticed something wrong.

I

There was not a meter （里程表） in the car and the driver did not wear a uniform， too. It became quite obviously that the car was not a taxi at all.

either obvious

This was just a poor man ∧ was in the wrong place at the wrong

who/that

time， and was very scared to say anything！ I feel so embarrassed. I

too felt

threw him a twenty bill and hurried away for a quick apology. It was

with

only a brief four-minute drive， the one I will never forget.

書(shū)面表達(dá)

One possible version：

About Travelling

Travelling is a very good activity. When you are free， you can go to a beautiful place to enjoy the beauty of nature. You can breathe the fresh air， meet different people and make friends with them.

However， travelling is not always pleasant. The weather can be changeable. You may be caught in the rain and may catch a cold while travelling. Besides， you may have your money stolen.

Therefore， when going on a trip， you should have clear information about the weather and be very careful about where you go so as to avoid accidents. If you prepare yourself carefully， you will surely enjoy yourself.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

1—4 BCBB 5—8 CDCC

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

完形填空

1—5 BADAB 6—10 DDBAA

11—15 CBDCB 16—20 CABCB

語(yǔ)法填空

1. and 2. are 3. built 4. beaches 5. enjoyable

6. to book 7. truth 8. with 9. makes 10. neither

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

1—4 CCAD 5—8 ADAC

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

1—4 CDCD

閱讀七選五

1—5 ABFGD

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

選詞填空

1. tourists 2. parking 3. sounds 4. surveys

5. professional 6. starving 7. approached 8. contacted

9. employment 10. survived

句子翻譯

1. I have been in the army for more than five years so far.

2. A number of people took part in the race， but only some of them kept on running to the end.

3. The price of houses has gone up. We cant afford to buy such an expensive house.

4. Up to now， he has been away from home for over two weeks.

5. We bought a small house in the country to get away from the noisy city.

短文改錯(cuò)

Last week I went to visit to my former neighbor， Mr. Yang. He and

I used to living next to each other for many years. About half a year ago，

live

the order came that the old building， along with many other similar ones，

an

were going to be pulled down to make room for a main street. So I had

was we

to move apart. His new apartment is much big than before. The only

bigger

problem is that it took quite a long time to get to the downtown area.

takes

Therefore， Mr. Yang doesnt seem to worry about the long distance. He

However

says that a new subway line is to be built in a few year and he is sure

years

that life will ∧ better in the future.

be

書(shū)面表達(dá)

One possible version：

Dear Tom，

Im glad to know that you will come to China to study as a homestay student this September. However， I am anxious about your trouble in choosing a suitable homestay because of limited knowledge of China. So I will offer some suggestions.

First of all， it is of great importance to ensure it is near your school for traffic jams are everywhere during rush hours in China. Besides， it will be better to find a host family that can cover the charges for water and electricity. In addition， a well-educated host will be helpful for you to learn Chinese history and cultures. Last but not least， you should take the living and diet habits into consideration.

I do hope that you will find an ideal homestay as soon as possible.

Yours，

Li Hua

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

1—4 ABAB 5—8 DABC

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

完形填空

1—5 DCABB 6—10 ADCBA

11—15 CBACD 16—20 CADDB

語(yǔ)法填空

1. whether 2. pleasant 4. to analyse 5. explanation

6. better 7. recognizing 8. used 9. convinced 10. a

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

1—4 BABC 5—8 ADDA

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

1—4 ACAD

閱讀七選五

1—5 FGDEB

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

選詞填空

1. electrical 2. liquid 3. floating 4. rusting

5. reaction 6. flames 7. lectures 8. forms

9. facilities 10. boiled

句子翻譯

1. It is important to know how the metal reacts with different substances.

2. Can human beings live on the moon？ Its too early to draw a conclusion.

3. He was proud of himself for not giving up.

4. He used to live in Paris， but he lives in Beijing now.

5. What time are you supposed to be there？

短文改錯(cuò)

In our life， we often regret what we did and which we couldnt do. Actually， it doesnt benefit us at all. As for most of us， we missed

many chance to earn more money， to get a high position and to realize our dreams. We often regret that we dont seize those opportunities，

thus feel upset. Although we do know regretting the past is∧no benefit， but we still cant help doing it.

To avoid the problem below， we need to pay more attention to what you are doing now， making us busier and having no time to recall the past. Moreover， wed better set reasonably goals one by one. Only by doing so can we struggle for our future better.

書(shū)面表達(dá)

One possible version：

Dear friends，

As we all know， we are what we eat. Therefore， its very important for us to form healthy eating habits.

However， bad eating habits are still very common among us students. Some of us often go to school without breakfast； some like to have snacks； and some eat too much or too little. All these bad habits will surely do harm to our health.

To keep fit， we should have various healthy diets， including proper amounts of fish， meat， vegetables， fruit as well as main food. Besides， wed better eat regularly every day.

From my point of view， we should develop healthy eating habits. Only in this way can we keep ourselves healthy and live a happy life.

Thats all. Thank you！

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

1—4 BAAD 5—8 BBAC

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

完形填空

1—5 DBACD 6—10 BACDB

11—15 ABCDA 16—20 CBACD

語(yǔ)法填空

1. that/which 2. to see 3. heroes 4. is taking 5. successful

6. terribly 7. have learnt/learned 8.with 9. what 10. easier

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

1—4 DCBB 5—8 CBBD

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

1—4 BCCD

閱讀七選五

1—5 BEDAF

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

選詞填空

1. contains 2. inventions 3. permission 4. designed

5. disadvantages 6. frequently 7. definite 8. dependent

9. shorten 10. compared

句子翻譯

1. The committee consists of ten members.

2. The price of oil is going down.

3. A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.

4. Its known as the most dangerous part of the city.

5. I think youre wrong. You should come up with a better idea.

短文改錯(cuò)

Dear Editor，

Now many students have iPods and regard them as their most favorite. Use an iPod， we can listen to music， download a lot of learning

Using

materials and read it on the screen. Apparently， it is∧ great help to our study，

them of

especially to our English listening.

Some students， however， bring their iPods to classroom and listen to music with earphones， which make the teacher and other students

makes

greatly annoying. Whats bad， some of them even waste precious time

annoyed worse

in class play video games.

playing

In my opinion， the classroom is a place that students should

where

concentrate in study. Furthermore， some rules should be made to guide

on

the students to use iPods properly.

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

書(shū)面表達(dá)

One possible version：

Dear Li Hua，

I really feel sorry that you get some symptoms of anxiety before exams.

Most students feel nervous and worried when taking an important exam. One reason is that they care too much about exam results.

In my opinion， first of all， its important for you to have a positive attitude towards exams. There is no need to worry too much about the exam results. Study hard every day and make careful plans.

Besides， enough sleep can make you energetic and enable you to perform well in an exam. Therefore， we shouldnt stay up too late before the exams. Having a hot bath or a cup of milk before going to bed can help you have a nice sleep.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming