重點句型用法點撥

福建 李志艷

●句型梳理

1.It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total by Abing were recorded for the future world to hear,but his popularity continues to this day.

It's a pity that...是一個常見的句型,意為“很遺憾……”。其中that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句,it是形式主語,用來代替后面的主語從句,以使句子平衡。例如：

It's a pity that you missed the important meeting held last Sunday.很遺憾你錯過了上周日召開的重要會議。

It's a pity that she has made such a mistake.遺憾的是她犯了這樣的一個錯誤。

【真題鏈接】

—The concert this evening is sure to be exciting.

—But it is a______that I can't go there with you. 【2015·綿陽中考題】

A.joy B.choice C.pity D.case

【答案與解析】C根據(jù)句意“——今晚的音樂會一定令人興奮?！呛苓z憾我不能和你一起去那兒了?！庇删唧w語境可知,本題考查的是“It is a pity that...”句型,意為“很遺憾……”。故選C項。

2.That's how people in Japan are expected to greet each other.

be expected to do sth.意為“被期望做某事；應(yīng)該做某事”。表示“應(yīng)該做某事”時,相當(dāng)于“be supposed to do sth.”形式。例如：

Mike could not be expected to finish all the work alone.不能期望邁克獨自完成所有的工作。

The French are expected to kiss when they meet for the first time.=The French are supposed to kiss when they meet for the first time.法國人第一次見面時應(yīng)該親吻。

【真題鏈接】

—Have you telephoned your husband?

—Yes.He is expected______back next week.【2015·河池中考題】

A.to coming B.to come

C.come D.coming

【答案與解析】B 根據(jù)答句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知本題考查be expected to do sth.句型,答句的意思是“是的。他下周應(yīng)該會回來”。故選B項。

3.Neither medicine nor rest can help him.

neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……”,是并列連詞短語,表示否定,通常用來連接兩個相同的句子成分。當(dāng)它連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞要用肯定形式,并且要與其靠近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。例如：

In general,the weather in Britain is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer.一般來說,英國冬天的天氣不太冷,夏天的天氣也不太熱。

There is neither ice-cream nor green tea in the fridge.冰箱里既沒有冰淇淋也沒有綠茶。

Neither his father nor his mother is going with him.他的父親和母親都不打算和他一起去。

Neither my wife nor I have been to Brazil.我妻子和我都沒有去過巴西。

【特別提醒】

neither...nor...也可以連接兩個句子,但這兩個句子都要用倒裝語序。例如：

Neither did Eric write to me,nor did he call me.埃里克既沒給我寫信,也沒給我打電話。

【知識拓展】

both...and...是neither...nor...的反義短語,意為“……和……（兩者）都”,表示肯定的意思。當(dāng)both...and...作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：

Both Tom and Lisa are from the United States.湯姆和麗薩都來自美國。

either...or...意為“要么……要么……；不是……就是……”,連接相同的句子成分，表示選擇。當(dāng)連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞要與后一個主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。例如：

When Maryishappy,she eithersingsor dances.瑪麗高興時,不是唱歌就是跳舞。

Either you or I am going there tomorrow morning.明天上午要么你去那里,要么我去那里。

【真題鏈接】

1.I could speak______French______Chinese,but luckily I could talk with him in English.【2016·巴中中考題】

A.both;and B.neither;nor

C.either;or

【答案與解析】B both...and...意為“……和……（兩者）都”；neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……”；either...or...意為“要么……要么……”。根據(jù)題干中后一個分句的意思“但是幸運的是,我能用英語和他交談”可知,題干中前一個分句的意思應(yīng)該是“我既不會說法語,也不會說漢語”。故選B項。

2.Neither Li Hua nor I______good at writing.【2016·永州中考題】

A.am B.is

C.are

【答案與解析】A neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……”,當(dāng)該短語連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞要與nor后的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。本題中nor后的主語是I,因此be動詞用am。故選A項。

3.—When shall we send the washing machine to you,Mrs.Read?

—______on Thursday______on Friday,please.I'll be at home then. 【2016·海南中考題】

A.Either;or B.Neither;nor

C.Both;and

【答案與解析】A either...or...意為“要么……要么……”；neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……”；both...and...意為“……和……（兩者）都”。問句的意思是“里德夫人,我們什么時候把洗衣機給您送去？”。答句中后一個句子的意思是“那時我在家”,其中的“那時”指的就是前面提到的Thursday和Friday。由此可見,送洗衣機的時間要么是在星期四，要么是在星期五。

4.Both Peter and Tom______from England and English is their native language.【2016·百色市中考題】

A.am B.is

C.are D.be

【答案與解析】C both...and...意為“……和……（兩者）都”,當(dāng)連接兩個主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

4.I'd rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I'm eating.

would rather意思是“寧愿；寧可”,經(jīng)常縮寫為’d rather形式。would沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,其后接動詞原形。例如：

Mrs.Green would ratherworkin the countryside.格林夫人寧愿在農(nóng)村工作。

【知識拓展】

would rather與than連用可構(gòu)成would rather...than....句式,意為“寧愿……而不愿……”,此時would rather和than后面都接動詞原形。如果would rather和than后面所接的是同一個動詞,那么than后的動詞可以省略。would rather...than...也可寫成would...rather than...,二者的意思和用法相同。例如：

The children would rather walk than take a bus there.孩子們寧愿步行也不愿乘公共汽車去那里。

They would rather play soccer than(play)volleyball.他們寧愿踢足球,也不愿打排球。

【真題鏈接】

—Are you going swimming this afternoon?

—I'd rather______with you.【2016·蘭州中考題】

A.to go shopping B.go shoping

C.to go shoping D.go shopping

【答案與解析】D 答句中的“I'd rather”是I would rather的縮寫形式。would rather意為“寧愿”,后接動詞原形,排除A、C兩項。shop的動詞-ing形式是shopping,排除B項。故選D項。

●跟蹤檢測

Ⅰ.根據(jù)句意,從A、B、C、D四個選項中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢浮?/p>

1.My grandma's hobby is______cooking______watching TV.It's square dancing.

A.not only;but also B.neither;nor

C.both;and D.either;or

2.—I have two apples.Which one do you like？

—I'd rather______the smaller one.

A.had B.to have

C.have D.having

3.—Neither Linda nor Susan______the music club because they have no time.

—What a pity!

A.haven't joined B.hasn't joined

C.have joined D.has joined

4.—How about seeing a movie,Jane?

—Well,I would stay at home rather than______to the movies.

A.go B.going

C.goes D.went

Ⅱ.按要求完成句子,每空一詞。

5.Neither the father nor the son is interested in the new movie.(改為肯定句)

______ the father______ the son______interested in the new movie.

6.Paul is expected to run every morning.(對畫線部分提問)

______is Paul expected____________every morning?

7.很遺憾他們錯過了這次出國的機會。(完成譯句)

______ ______ ______ ______ thatthey missed the chance of going abroad.

(答案見64頁)