• <tr id="yyy80"></tr>
  • <sup id="yyy80"></sup>
  • <tfoot id="yyy80"><noscript id="yyy80"></noscript></tfoot>
  • 99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看 ?

    Chief physician Zhang Tang-fa’s experience of acupuncture for gouty arthritis

    2018-06-28 09:27:54LiYuebing李躍兵WeiWei魏巍
    關(guān)鍵詞:魏巍基金項目教育廳

    Li Yue-bing (李躍兵), Wei Wei (魏巍)

    1 Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China

    2 General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan 430000, China

    Chief physician Zhang Tang-fa is the director of Acupuncture Department of Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, a tutor of master degree candidate,the deputy president of Acupuncture Association of Hubei province, and the instructor of National Fourth Group of Senior Chinese Medicine Experts for Inheritance of Academic Experience. Prestigous in Hubei province, he used to be awarded with the honorable title ‘Master of Chinese Medicine in Hubei Province’[1-3].Director Zhang learned from Yang Jun-bo, a famous acupuncturist in Shanghai, for over 4 years and obtained real instruction from his teacher. He graduated from the Chinese Medicine Course of Shanghai Health Bureau in 1966 and then was assigned to be engaged in clinical, research and teaching profession of Chinese medicine and acupuncture in Wuhan No.1 Hospital for over 50 years. He has gradually formed his own unique clinical thinking and therapeutic methods from the long-term practice, and travelled to many countries like Algeria to guide the clinical practice of acupuncture in the local areas,making certain contribution to global popularization of Chinese acupuncture[4].

    Gouty arthritis (GA) is a metabolic disease characterized by metabolic disturbance of purine inside the human body due to genetic and environmental factors and elevation of uric acid in blood, by inflammatory reaction due to accumulation of urate in the tissues of the joint capsule, synovial membrane and cartilage, and is mostly seen in males above 40. GA mostly occurs in the small joints of the human body,particularly in the ankle and foot joints. Clinically, GA is mainly treated with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. But this type of drugs is easy to induce adverse reaction in the digestive tract and damage the hepatic functions. Director Zhang has treated GA by acupuncture for many years and has gathered rich clinical experience in diagnosis and treatment[5-8]. As a master degree candidate of Zhang, I have been studying with my teacher for 3 years. Now, his beneficial experience in acupuncture treatment of GA is summarized as follows.

    1 Treatment Based on Syndrome Differentiation

    With profound study of the four classics of traditional Chinese medicine, Zhang believes that this disease belongs to Bi-impediment syndrome and acute arthritis in Chinese medicine based upon syndrome differentiation. In terms of the etiology and pathogenesis of GA, the medical masters in successive dynasties classified it as dampness, heat, blood stasis. In accordance with his clinical experience, Zhang believes that the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease are related to internal reason and external factors. The internal factors include the abnormal prenatal endowment of spleen and stomach, dysfunction of the spleen in transportation ability, and poor circulation of qi movement, leading to accumulation of water,dampness and phlegm inside the body. The external factors include improper food ingestion, and over intake of greasy and sweet food, causing damage to the spleen and stomach and dysfunction of qi movement, and hence resulting in conversion of the long-term accumulated water inside the body into toxin, which goes with the circulation of qi into the joints, further inducing this disease. The obstruction of pathogenic toxin in the joints induces joint pain. The accumulation of phlegm would produce gout stones or stone in the urinary tract[9-10]. Zhang points out that this disease is not closely related to external affection of six exogenous pathogens, and is neither different from Bi-impediment syndrome caused by deficiency of body constitution plus infection of pathogenic wind, cold and dampness,and that main etiology and pathogenesis are related to improper food ingestion, dysfunction of the spleen in transportation, dysfunction of the kidney in qi transformation, poor circulation of qi, and internal accumulation of water, dampness, phlegm and blood stasis, becoming pathogenic toxin, which flows into the joints and causes the problem. The disorder in renal functions is the main factor and improper food ingestion is an inducing factor. In terms of the therapeutic principle, it is necessary to focus on the spleen and kidney, by reinforcing and benefiting the spleen and kidney, clearing away heat and removing dampness in predominance. Zhang believes that the treatment of GA is not just simply to clear away heat and remove dampness, but to reinforce and benefit the spleen and kidney, to clear away heat, remove dampness, dissolve phlegm and eliminate the turbidity,so as to maintain smooth circulation of qi and normal metabolism of water, dampness and phlegm and fluid,for realizing the therapeutic purpose[11].

    2 Selecting the Acupoints Mainly from the Three Yin Meridians of Foot, Proposing Acupoints-selection Based on Zi Wu Liu Zhu(Midnight-noon Ebb-flow)

    Zhang treats GA mainly using the acupoints from the three yin meridians of foot, mostly from the Spleen Meridian of Foot Taiyin, plus the local acupoints of Taichong (LR 3), Taibai (SP 3), Taixi (KI 3), Zhaohai (KI 6)and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), and remote acupoints of Yinlingquan (SP 9), Zusanli (ST 36) and Xuehai (SP 10).Xuehai (SP 10) is supposed to expel wind and dredge the collaterals, selected in the implication to ‘treat blood before treating wind, and wind would go out as soon as blood flows’. Sanyinjiao (SP 6), a crossing acupoint of Meridians of Liver, Spleen and Kidney, is supposed to circulate qi and blood, dredge the collaterals and stop pain. It has been proved by modern study that Sanyinjiao (SP 6) is able to enhance the metabolic function of the kidney[12].

    Zhang studiesZhen Jiu Da Cheng(Complete Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion)profoundly and is skillful in treating diseases by needling method of Zi Wu Liu Zhu (Midnight-noon Ebb-flow). For GA patients with clear onset time, Zhang can obtain better therapeutic effects by following the flowing rules of qi and blood, in combination of his clinical experience and acupoint-selection based upon the theory of Na Zi Fa (earthly branch method) of Zi Wu Liu Zhu (midnight-noon ebb-flow)[13]. There was a male GA patient, with serious pain in the first metatarsophalangeal joint of the right foot, and the pain was intolerable and usually attacked around 5 to 7 every afternoon, with visible urate crystal in the painful area. Many treatments failed. Master Zhang selected Yongquan (KI 1) and Taixi (KI 3) and gave acupuncture treatment during the time period of the tenth earthly branch (5:00-7:00 p.m.). The patient’s pain was alleviated after one treatment and disappeared after three treatments. The meridian qi of the Kidney Meridian is most exuberant during the time period of the tenth earthly branch, and GA is closely related to the kidney in the etiology and pathogenesis, and the pathogenic location is also on the pathway of the Kidney Meridian. Therefore, Yongquan (KI 1), the son acupoint of the Kidney Meridian of Foot Shaoyin, was selected and punctured with reducing manipulation,assisted by Taixi (KI 3) in the painful location. After the treatment by selecting the acupoint based upon the theory of Na Zi Fa (earthly branch method) of Zi Wu Liu Zhu (midnight-noon ebb-flow), the therapeutic effects were remarkable[14].

    3 Adopting Shallow Acupoint-towards-acupoint Needling with Multiple Needles, Combining with Reinforcing and Reducing Manipulations by Respiration

    In the treatment of GA by shallow acupoint-towardsacupoint needling with multiple needles in the local area, Zhang believes that the acupoint-towardsacupoint needling can reduce the number of the acupoints and enlarge the effects of acupuncture,strengthen the stimulation and also easily expand the needling sensation[15]. Taixi (KI 3) is punctured shallowly towards Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) is punctured shallowly towards Yinlingquan (SP 9), and Taibai (SP 3) is punctured shallowly towards Taichong (LR 3), for exciting the circulation of qi and blood, enlarging the therapeutic area, alleviating pain and promoting the restoration of the functions of the spleen and stomach.By the ancient acupuncture theory, Zhang uses the reducing manipulation by respiration in the treatment of GA, i.e. inserting the needle upon inspiration and withdrawing the needle upon expiration, and twisting the needle after the arrival of the needling sensation and stopping manipulation upon expiration. Zhang believes that the reinforcing-reducing manipulations by respiration should be combined with qi movement of the whole body, to ensure more remarkable effects[16].Zhang proposes to retain the needles for 20 min and believes that this period of time is able to realize the goal to treat the disease and leave time for other therapeutic methods.

    4 Proposing the Comprehensive Treatment of Acupuncture and Medications

    Zhang proposes the comprehensive therapeutic method to ‘deal with the exterior with the needles, and attack the interior with the drugs by integrated application of acupuncture and herbal medicine’[17-18].He usesSi Miao San(Four Marvels Powder) together with modifiedHuo Luo Xiao Ling Dan(Fantastically Effective Pill to Invigorate the Collaterals), includingTu Fu Ling(Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae) 50 g,Yin Hua Teng(Caulis Lonicerae) 30 g,Wei Ling Xian(Radix Clematidis)15 g,Di Long(Lumbricus) 15 g,Jiang Can(Bombyx Batryticatus) 10 g,Yi Yi Ren(Semen Coicis) 50 g,HuangBai(Cortex Phellodendri) 12 g,Cang Zhu(Rhizoma Atractylodis) 15 g,Niu Xi(Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae)15 g,Ru Xiang(Olibanum) 12 g,Mo Yao(Myrrha) 12 g,Dang Gui(Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 12 g,Dan Shen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) 15 g,Bai Shao(Radix Paeoniae Alba) 30 g,Mu Gua(Fructus Chaenomelis)15 g,Ze Xie(Rhizoma Alismatis) 10 g,Han Fang Ji(Radix Aristolochiae Heterophyllae) 15 g,Yuan Hu(Rhizoma corydalis) 10 g,Bai Zhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae) 10 g,Mu Dan Pi(Cortex Moutan Radicis) 10 g,Gan Cao(Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata) 6 g. Because GA patients usually present serious pain at night, and the problem involves blood system,Huo Luo Xiao Ling Dan(Fantastically Effective Pill to Invigorate the Collaterals)is used. Because GA patients often present spasm in the muscles and tendons with pain,Shao Yao Gan Cao Tang(Peony and Licorice Decoction) is added withMu Gua(Fructus Chaenomelis) for soothing the tendons and stopping pain. Because of intolerable serious pain,Yuan Hu(Rhizoma corydalis) andBai Zhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)are added to stop pain. Because of tumefaction in the local area,Ze Xie(Rhizoma Alismatis)andHan Fang Ji(Radix Aristolochiae Heterophyllae) are added to remove dampness and eliminate tumefaction.Mu Dan Pi(Cortex Moutan Radicis) is used to activate blood, clear away heat and stop pain.

    At the same time, hydro-acupuncture is also proposed, i.e. acupoint-injection method. CompoundDan Shen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) injection is used,0.5-1.0 mL for each acupoint, once every other day, for three times per week. The needling sensation is comparatively stronger in the treatment by hydroacupuncture. Moreover, CompoundDan Shen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) injection is able to activate blood,dissolve blood stasis, dredge the collaterals and stop pain, and able to enlarge the therapeutic area and strengthen the therapeutic effect in combination of acupuncture.

    5 Emphasizing Health Education and Diet Regulation

    In reference to the beneficial experience of traditional medicine and modern medicine, Zhang is very good to communicate with the patients, to eliminate the patient’s fear and anxiety and help the patient to build up the correct view about disease and win the patient’s trust. Therefore, the patients could positively cooperate with Zhang in the treatment,leading to better therapeutic effects in acupuncture treatment[19]. In dietetic therapy, Zhang suggests low-purine diet for GA patients, telling the patients to follow the principles: sufficient volume of carbohydrate and fat, more stewing, boiling, steaming and blenching,less fries, more food with rich vitamin B1and vitamin C,such as rice, noodle, milk, egg, fruits and various vegetable oil, no liver, kidney, brain, clam, crab, fish,meat broth, chicken soup, peas, lentils, mushroom,asparagus, celery, cauliflower, spinach, alcohol, tea,coffee, and chilly stuffs.

    6 Case Study

    A male patient, 41 years old, first visited on May 6th,2008.

    Complaints and current history: Pain in the bilateral first metatarsophalangeal joints, accompanied by fever for one month, attacking every time after ingestion of bean foodstuff or alcoholic drinks, and serious and intolerable pain during the attack, with the second metatarsophalangeal joint and ankle involved. After onset, the patient presented poor appetite, reduced body weight, poor sleep, normal urination and defecation, a red tongue with yellow and sticky coating,a thready and rapid pulse. Lab test in Western hospital showed blood uric acid at 563 mmol/L.

    Diagnosis: GA.

    Therapeutic method: Acupuncture treatment was given together with acupoint-injection method and herbal medicine. The acupoints were Taichong (LR 3),Taixi (KI 3), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Yinlingquan(SP 9), and Taibai (SP 3). The needling method was as follows, Taixi (KI 3) toward Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao(SP 6) toward Yinlingquan (SP 9), Taibai (SP 3) toward Taichong (LR 3), with the needles retained for 20 min.CompoundDan Shen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae)injection was used for acupoint-injection method. After the injection was mixed with 5% glucose by ratio of 1:10,0.5-1.0 mL was injected into each acupoint, and 2 or 3 acupoints were selected each time from the above acupoints. Acupuncture and acupoint-injection method were given once every other day, three sessions per week, and two weeks as one course. Chinese herbal medicines used wereSi Miao San(Four Marvels Powder)plus modifiedHuo Luo Xiao Ling Dan(Fantastically Effective Pill to Invigorate the Collaterals), includingTu Fu Ling(Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae) 50 g,Yin Hua Teng(Caulis Lonicerae) 30 g,Wei Ling Xian(Radix Clematidis)15 g,Di Long(Lumbricus) 15 g,Jiang Can(Bombyx Batryticatus) 10 g,Yi Yi Ren(Semen Coicis) 50 g,Huang Bai(Cortex Phellodendri) 12 g,Cang Zhu(Rhizoma Atractylodis) 15 g,Niu Xi(Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae)15 g,Ru Xiang(Olibanum) 12 g,Mo Yao(Myrrha) 12 g,Dang Gui(Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 12 g,Dan Shen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) 15 g,Bai Shao(Radix Paeoniae Alba) 30 g,Mu Gua(Fructus Chaenomelis)15 g,Ze Xie(Rhizoma Alismatis) 10 g,Han Fang Ji(Radix Aristolochiae Heterophyllae) 15 g,Yuan Hu(Rhizoma corydalis) 10 g,Bai Zhi(Radix Angelicae Dahuricae) 10 g,Mu Dan Pi(Cortex Moutan Radicis) 10 g, andGan Cao(Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata) 6 g, totally 14 packs,water decoction, one dose per day. At the return visit after two weeks, the patient’s blood uric acid was 241 mmol/L, in the normal scope. One month later, the patient’s blood uric acid was still in the normal range.

    7 Summary

    Under the guidance of treatment based on syndrome differentiation theory in Chinese medicine, Zhang treats GA by the therapeutic method the advantage of various schools, mostly combining holistic regulation and comprehensive treatment. He puts forward the following notes in acupuncture treatment of GA: be clear about the causative factor and adopt the symptomatic treatment first of all, then correctly use the reinforcing and reducing technique by respiration,combine the acupoint selection based upon the Na Zi Fa (earthly branch method) in Zi Wu Liu Zhu (midnightnoon ebb-flow), and thirdly correctly use the shallow penetrating method, pay attention to the direction,strength and depth of the needle insertion, and to the intensity of the needling stimulation, and finally combine acupoint-injection method and Chinese herbal medicine, use the acupoints alternatively in acupointinjection method, and apply herbal formula by the theory of syndrome differentiation.

    Conflict of Interest

    The authors declared that there was no potential conflict of interest in this article.

    Acknowledgments

    This work was supported by Fund Project of Hunan Province Education Office (湖南省教育廳科研基金項目,No. 14C0855); Scientific Fund Project of Health and Family Planning Commission of Wuhan Municipality (武漢市衛(wèi)生和計劃生育委員會科研基金項目, No.WZ16C03).

    Received: 23 August 2017/Accepted: 8 October 2017

    [1] Zhang HX. Brief introduction to academic thought of chief physician Zhang Tang-fa. Shanghai Zhenjiu Zazhi, 2003,22(6): 3-4.

    [2] Huang GF, Zhang TF. Analysis on clinical academic thoughts of Zhang Tang-fa. Shanghai Zhenjiu Zazhi, 2015,34(9): 804-806.

    [3] Xu HF, Wang L, Xin Y, Zhang HX, Zhou L. Introduction to professor Zhang Tang-fa’s academic experience on acupuncture and moxibustion. Yunnan Zhongyi Xueyuan Xuebao, 2017, 40(1): 84-86.

    [4] Zhang HX. Experience of senior TCM doctor Zhang Tang-fa in scalp acupuncture for children with Tourette’s syndrome. Shizhen Guoyi Guoyao, 2015, 26(10): 2535-2537.

    [5] Yin Y, Zhang HX, Zhang TF. Clinical observation on electroacupuncture combined with medicine for treatment of acute gouty arthritis. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 2005, 25(10):683-685.

    [6] Zou R, Zhang HX, Zhang TF, Xu Y. Observation on therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture combined with acupoint-injection on acute gouty arthritis. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 2007, 27(1):15-17.

    [7] Zou R, Zhang HX, Zhang TF, Xu Y. Treatment of acute gouty arthritis with electroacupuncture at different frequencies versus medication. Zhongguo Linchuang Kangfu, 2006, 10(43): 188-189.

    [8] Zou R, Zhang HX, Zhang TF. Development of studies on arthragra by acupuncture in the recent 5 years. Zhenjiu Linchuang Zazhi, 2006, 22(11): 48-50.

    [9] Zhou L, Tian JY, Zhang TF. Zhang Tang-fa on application of the thoughts of ‘treating unformed disease’ by acupuncture in the prevention and treatment of spleen and stomach diseases. Zhongguo Zhongyi Jichu Yixue Zazhi,2016, 22(6): 831-832.

    [10] Zhou L, Zhang TF. Zhang Tang-fa, a national famous and senior TCM doctor talks on ‘kidney being a pass of the stomach’. Zhonghua Zhongyiyao Zazhi, 2015, 30(9): 3152-3154.

    [11] Zhang HX, Huang GF, Zhou L, Wu WL, Zhang TF.Preliminary discussion on the relation of meridian with viscus. Zhenjiu Linchuang Zazhi, 2007, 23(1): 1-2.

    [12] Hong JH, Huang JL, Lu ZK. Acupuncture therapy for calculous renal colic: a meta analysis. Ya Tai Chuantong Yiyao, 2017, 13(19): 59-62.

    [13] Huang GF, Zhang HX. Pictures of Zhang Tang-fa's Acupuncture Clinical Cases. Beijing: People’s Military Medical Press, 2011: 174.

    [14] Huang GF, Zhang TF. Application of integrated chinese and Western therapy in treatment of pain. Xiandai Zhongxiyi Jiehe Zazhi, 2006, 15(2): 151.

    [15] Chen M, Zhang TF, Zhang HX, Zhou L, Huang GF.Clinical application of Fenglong (ST 40). Hubei Zhongyi Zazhi, 2006, 28(11): 18-19.

    [16] Zhang HX. Zhang Tang-fa’s characteristics of acupuncture academic ideology and clinical treatment of syndrome differentiation. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 2015, 35(10): 1045-1048.

    [17] Yang JM, Zhang TF. Analysis of misdiagnosis of degenerative spondyloarthropathy and treatment. Hubei Zhongyi Zazhi, 2011, 33(7): 63-64.

    [18] Wang Z, Zhang TF, Zhang HX, Zhang QJ. Clinical observation on acupoint injection for treatment of lumbago-leg pain in duced by primary osteoporosis.Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 2008, 28(4): 261-264.

    [19] Zhang HX. Chief physician of Zhang Tang-fa’s acupuncture and moxibustion education idea. Hubei Zhongyiyao Daxue Xuebao, 2015, 17(4): 95-97.

    猜你喜歡
    魏巍基金項目教育廳
    ON CONTINUATION CRITERIA FOR THE FULLCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS IN LORENTZ SPACES*
    吉林省教育廳新年賀詞
    我的老師
    常見基金項目的英文名稱(二)
    常見基金項目的英文名稱(一)
    2014中國省級教育門戶網(wǎng)站年度排行榜
    中國當(dāng)代著名作家:魏巍
    基金項目
    基金項目
    中國省級教育門戶網(wǎng)站排行榜
    99精品久久久久人妻精品| 国产精品久久久久久精品电影小说| 亚洲av成人精品一二三区| 久久免费观看电影| 免费女性裸体啪啪无遮挡网站| 免费高清在线观看日韩| 国产在线免费精品| 日日啪夜夜爽| 亚洲精品成人av观看孕妇| 亚洲色图综合在线观看| 又粗又硬又长又爽又黄的视频| 日韩不卡一区二区三区视频在线| 欧美日韩成人在线一区二区| av.在线天堂| 亚洲欧美成人精品一区二区| 久久毛片免费看一区二区三区| 精品一品国产午夜福利视频| 亚洲精品久久成人aⅴ小说| 欧美在线黄色| av视频免费观看在线观看| 亚洲精品一二三| 99国产精品免费福利视频| 欧美日本中文国产一区发布| 看十八女毛片水多多多| 99国产综合亚洲精品| 在线看a的网站| 美女大奶头黄色视频| 亚洲人成电影观看| 国产极品天堂在线| 汤姆久久久久久久影院中文字幕| 一级,二级,三级黄色视频| 男女下面插进去视频免费观看| 美女大奶头黄色视频| 亚洲精品,欧美精品| 美女主播在线视频| 最黄视频免费看| 亚洲成国产人片在线观看| 久久久国产一区二区| 搡老乐熟女国产| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜爱| 婷婷色综合www| 无限看片的www在线观看| 国产成人欧美| 亚洲图色成人| 在线天堂最新版资源| 天天操日日干夜夜撸| 亚洲av成人精品一二三区| 久久 成人 亚洲| 国产精品蜜桃在线观看| 黑丝袜美女国产一区| 久久这里只有精品19| 在线观看免费高清a一片| 国产精品久久久久久精品古装| 宅男免费午夜| 欧美人与性动交α欧美精品济南到| 91老司机精品| 妹子高潮喷水视频| 久久精品人人爽人人爽视色| 国产一区亚洲一区在线观看| 一二三四在线观看免费中文在| avwww免费| 国产成人精品久久二区二区91 | 国产成人av激情在线播放| 少妇人妻精品综合一区二区| 亚洲国产精品999| 久久精品亚洲av国产电影网| 黄色怎么调成土黄色| 久久久久久免费高清国产稀缺| 国产伦理片在线播放av一区| 男女午夜视频在线观看| 最近中文字幕2019免费版| 国产国语露脸激情在线看| 国产成人免费无遮挡视频| 自线自在国产av| 人人妻人人澡人人爽人人夜夜| 日韩不卡一区二区三区视频在线| 高清欧美精品videossex| 久久久国产欧美日韩av| 在线看a的网站| 亚洲国产中文字幕在线视频| 少妇人妻精品综合一区二区| 岛国毛片在线播放| 爱豆传媒免费全集在线观看| 少妇人妻精品综合一区二区| 美女高潮到喷水免费观看| 免费在线观看黄色视频的| 91精品伊人久久大香线蕉| 嫩草影视91久久| 国产高清不卡午夜福利| 熟女少妇亚洲综合色aaa.| 欧美精品亚洲一区二区| 在线精品无人区一区二区三| 桃花免费在线播放| 日韩 亚洲 欧美在线| 尾随美女入室| 久久久精品国产亚洲av高清涩受| 日韩免费高清中文字幕av| 少妇精品久久久久久久| 精品福利永久在线观看| 两个人看的免费小视频| 黑人巨大精品欧美一区二区蜜桃| 欧美xxⅹ黑人| 中国国产av一级| 超碰97精品在线观看| 啦啦啦 在线观看视频| 国产国语露脸激情在线看| 精品久久久精品久久久| 久久久欧美国产精品| 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| 好男人视频免费观看在线| 日本91视频免费播放| 亚洲av日韩在线播放| 亚洲国产欧美在线一区| 久久精品久久久久久久性| 精品人妻熟女毛片av久久网站| 久久精品久久久久久噜噜老黄| av国产久精品久网站免费入址| 丁香六月天网| 国产成人精品无人区| 夫妻午夜视频| 欧美亚洲日本最大视频资源| 精品国产乱码久久久久久男人| 亚洲国产欧美在线一区| 国产一级毛片在线| 肉色欧美久久久久久久蜜桃| 成人影院久久| 女人高潮潮喷娇喘18禁视频| 成年美女黄网站色视频大全免费| 欧美久久黑人一区二区| 久久久国产欧美日韩av| 久久性视频一级片| 一区二区三区乱码不卡18| 美女午夜性视频免费| 男女边摸边吃奶| 天堂8中文在线网| 久久久久久久国产电影| 久久99一区二区三区| 免费av中文字幕在线| 亚洲精品在线美女| 中文字幕人妻丝袜制服| 国产精品女同一区二区软件| 免费黄频网站在线观看国产| 欧美日韩成人在线一区二区| 久久韩国三级中文字幕| 久久精品aⅴ一区二区三区四区| 麻豆av在线久日| 亚洲精品久久午夜乱码| 亚洲第一av免费看| 国产黄色免费在线视频| netflix在线观看网站| 国产色婷婷99| 男人操女人黄网站| 不卡av一区二区三区| av视频免费观看在线观看| 免费观看a级毛片全部| 午夜91福利影院| 欧美在线黄色| 国产欧美日韩综合在线一区二区| 777久久人妻少妇嫩草av网站| 99国产精品免费福利视频| 操美女的视频在线观看| 国产精品国产三级国产专区5o| 日韩,欧美,国产一区二区三区| e午夜精品久久久久久久| 国产黄色视频一区二区在线观看| 色94色欧美一区二区| 可以免费在线观看a视频的电影网站 | 激情视频va一区二区三区| 久久精品人人爽人人爽视色| 成人影院久久| 波多野结衣av一区二区av| av网站免费在线观看视频| 精品一区二区三区av网在线观看 | 国产精品成人在线| 国产精品熟女久久久久浪| 1024香蕉在线观看| 菩萨蛮人人尽说江南好唐韦庄| 国产片特级美女逼逼视频| 男女床上黄色一级片免费看| 777米奇影视久久| 麻豆精品久久久久久蜜桃| 女性生殖器流出的白浆| 在线观看国产h片| 九九爱精品视频在线观看| 亚洲一码二码三码区别大吗| 黄色毛片三级朝国网站| 国产一卡二卡三卡精品 | 亚洲精品成人av观看孕妇| 性高湖久久久久久久久免费观看| 国产视频首页在线观看| 国产在线一区二区三区精| 日韩人妻精品一区2区三区| 久久99热这里只频精品6学生| 亚洲国产毛片av蜜桃av| 中文字幕人妻熟女乱码| 在现免费观看毛片| 久久精品人人爽人人爽视色| 免费av中文字幕在线| 久久人人97超碰香蕉20202| 欧美在线一区亚洲| 中文字幕av电影在线播放| 搡老岳熟女国产| 亚洲色图 男人天堂 中文字幕| 无限看片的www在线观看| 午夜福利,免费看| 精品久久久久久电影网| 啦啦啦啦在线视频资源| 交换朋友夫妻互换小说| 欧美乱码精品一区二区三区| 久久久久精品人妻al黑| 国产视频首页在线观看| 欧美97在线视频| 最黄视频免费看| 9热在线视频观看99| av有码第一页| 久久综合国产亚洲精品| 美女视频免费永久观看网站| 欧美xxⅹ黑人| 精品国产国语对白av| 国产一卡二卡三卡精品 | 国产欧美日韩一区二区三区在线| 日韩av在线免费看完整版不卡| 丝袜美足系列| 人妻 亚洲 视频| 黄片无遮挡物在线观看| 老司机在亚洲福利影院| 狠狠婷婷综合久久久久久88av| 9色porny在线观看| 久久久精品免费免费高清| 人人妻人人澡人人看| 97精品久久久久久久久久精品| 国产高清不卡午夜福利| 欧美日韩视频高清一区二区三区二| 日本91视频免费播放| 十八禁人妻一区二区| 精品卡一卡二卡四卡免费| 久久久欧美国产精品| 最新在线观看一区二区三区 | 新久久久久国产一级毛片| 十八禁人妻一区二区| 亚洲自偷自拍图片 自拍| 欧美黑人欧美精品刺激| 亚洲国产欧美在线一区| 久久久久久久国产电影| 亚洲色图 男人天堂 中文字幕| av女优亚洲男人天堂| 色94色欧美一区二区| 中国国产av一级| 国产成人系列免费观看| 操美女的视频在线观看| 伊人久久大香线蕉亚洲五| 最新的欧美精品一区二区| 一区二区三区乱码不卡18| 国产精品二区激情视频| 伦理电影免费视频| 久久狼人影院| 少妇的丰满在线观看| 在线亚洲精品国产二区图片欧美| 久久免费观看电影| 亚洲国产精品成人久久小说| 免费观看人在逋| 亚洲精品久久午夜乱码| 欧美激情 高清一区二区三区| 狂野欧美激情性xxxx| 纯流量卡能插随身wifi吗| 一级片免费观看大全| 日韩欧美精品免费久久| 久久精品人人爽人人爽视色| 国精品久久久久久国模美| 午夜免费男女啪啪视频观看| 国产亚洲欧美精品永久| 在线观看人妻少妇| 菩萨蛮人人尽说江南好唐韦庄| 在线观看www视频免费| 国产福利在线免费观看视频| 国产精品久久久久成人av| 女人久久www免费人成看片| 久久久久人妻精品一区果冻| 秋霞伦理黄片| 午夜久久久在线观看| 精品亚洲成国产av| 亚洲av成人精品一二三区| 婷婷色av中文字幕| 91国产中文字幕| a级毛片黄视频| 99国产综合亚洲精品| 久久99热这里只频精品6学生| 亚洲人成网站在线观看播放| 午夜久久久在线观看| 一个人免费看片子| 操美女的视频在线观看| 国产乱人偷精品视频| 亚洲一卡2卡3卡4卡5卡精品中文| 蜜桃国产av成人99| 91aial.com中文字幕在线观看| 9热在线视频观看99| 一级毛片黄色毛片免费观看视频| 亚洲国产欧美网| 老汉色av国产亚洲站长工具| 国产精品女同一区二区软件| av视频免费观看在线观看| 久久久久国产一级毛片高清牌| 伊人久久大香线蕉亚洲五| 国产一区二区三区av在线| 久久久久国产精品人妻一区二区| 天天操日日干夜夜撸| 又黄又粗又硬又大视频| 欧美日韩综合久久久久久| av在线播放精品| 国产毛片在线视频| 黄片播放在线免费| 黄片小视频在线播放| 国产精品三级大全| 午夜福利乱码中文字幕| 国产亚洲欧美精品永久| 久久狼人影院| 国产精品人妻久久久影院| av线在线观看网站| 精品一区二区免费观看| 精品亚洲乱码少妇综合久久| 国产成人91sexporn| 18禁观看日本| 日本一区二区免费在线视频| 欧美日韩亚洲高清精品| 99精品久久久久人妻精品| 另类精品久久| 亚洲熟女精品中文字幕| 久久久久久免费高清国产稀缺| 亚洲精品日韩在线中文字幕| 亚洲五月色婷婷综合| 交换朋友夫妻互换小说| 国产 精品1| 满18在线观看网站| 在现免费观看毛片| 人成视频在线观看免费观看| 久久久久精品性色| 国产精品久久久久久人妻精品电影 | 久久亚洲国产成人精品v| 男女边吃奶边做爰视频| 亚洲精品久久成人aⅴ小说| 精品午夜福利在线看| 男女午夜视频在线观看| 成人国语在线视频| 国产又爽黄色视频| 亚洲精品国产一区二区精华液| av在线老鸭窝| 色综合欧美亚洲国产小说| 精品亚洲成国产av| 成年女人毛片免费观看观看9 | 777久久人妻少妇嫩草av网站| 黄色一级大片看看| 自线自在国产av| 99re6热这里在线精品视频| 国产精品 欧美亚洲| 精品亚洲成国产av| 亚洲美女视频黄频| 亚洲av综合色区一区| 亚洲精品aⅴ在线观看| 亚洲精品国产av成人精品| 不卡视频在线观看欧美| 国产人伦9x9x在线观看| 日本91视频免费播放| 国产极品粉嫩免费观看在线| 亚洲综合精品二区| 成人午夜精彩视频在线观看| 国产精品无大码| 美女国产高潮福利片在线看| 国产熟女欧美一区二区| 色视频在线一区二区三区| 亚洲视频免费观看视频| 日本猛色少妇xxxxx猛交久久| 99久久人妻综合| 如日韩欧美国产精品一区二区三区| 亚洲欧美中文字幕日韩二区| 成人亚洲欧美一区二区av| 久久精品久久精品一区二区三区| 久久天堂一区二区三区四区| 女人精品久久久久毛片| 狠狠精品人妻久久久久久综合| 午夜日本视频在线| 亚洲四区av| 亚洲男人天堂网一区| 免费在线观看黄色视频的| 免费黄色在线免费观看| 五月开心婷婷网| www.精华液| 最新在线观看一区二区三区 | 男女边吃奶边做爰视频| 国产日韩欧美亚洲二区| 69精品国产乱码久久久| 国产精品一区二区精品视频观看| 亚洲成人av在线免费| 天堂8中文在线网| avwww免费| 国产97色在线日韩免费| 在线观看www视频免费| 亚洲国产精品一区二区三区在线| 啦啦啦在线免费观看视频4| 成人午夜精彩视频在线观看| 久久久久视频综合| 国产深夜福利视频在线观看| 69精品国产乱码久久久| 国产乱来视频区| 午夜福利免费观看在线| www.熟女人妻精品国产| 人妻 亚洲 视频| 国产高清国产精品国产三级| 亚洲成av片中文字幕在线观看| 色视频在线一区二区三区| 黄色视频不卡| 午夜91福利影院| 成年美女黄网站色视频大全免费| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区国产| 国产精品偷伦视频观看了| 在线观看www视频免费| 日本午夜av视频| 成年av动漫网址| 精品一区二区免费观看| 精品国产一区二区三区四区第35| 伦理电影免费视频| 日韩,欧美,国产一区二区三区| 在线观看免费高清a一片| 黑丝袜美女国产一区| 2021少妇久久久久久久久久久| 男女下面插进去视频免费观看| 狂野欧美激情性bbbbbb| 黄片无遮挡物在线观看| 老熟女久久久| 久久久国产一区二区| 国产又色又爽无遮挡免| 亚洲精品久久午夜乱码| 欧美日韩综合久久久久久| 国产精品熟女久久久久浪| 日韩一本色道免费dvd| 日韩一区二区三区影片| 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| 亚洲专区中文字幕在线 | 久久久欧美国产精品| 观看美女的网站| 女人久久www免费人成看片| 美国免费a级毛片| 亚洲精品aⅴ在线观看| 欧美成人午夜精品| 又大又黄又爽视频免费| 波多野结衣av一区二区av| 亚洲国产中文字幕在线视频| 99re6热这里在线精品视频| 中文字幕高清在线视频| 视频区图区小说| 亚洲美女搞黄在线观看| 亚洲综合色网址| 日韩一区二区视频免费看| 国产激情久久老熟女| av视频免费观看在线观看| 亚洲精品国产色婷婷电影| 欧美激情 高清一区二区三区| 青青草视频在线视频观看| 国产成人精品福利久久| 丰满少妇做爰视频| 最近最新中文字幕大全免费视频 | 在线亚洲精品国产二区图片欧美| 精品一区二区三区四区五区乱码 | 亚洲熟女毛片儿| 欧美亚洲 丝袜 人妻 在线| 热re99久久精品国产66热6| 一区在线观看完整版| 中文字幕亚洲精品专区| 亚洲国产av影院在线观看| 日日啪夜夜爽| 啦啦啦在线观看免费高清www| 国产精品香港三级国产av潘金莲 | 91精品伊人久久大香线蕉| 色网站视频免费| 欧美人与性动交α欧美软件| 天天躁夜夜躁狠狠久久av| 日韩一区二区三区影片| 69精品国产乱码久久久| 亚洲国产精品国产精品| 日本猛色少妇xxxxx猛交久久| 久久久欧美国产精品| 人人澡人人妻人| 亚洲精品美女久久av网站| 卡戴珊不雅视频在线播放| 人体艺术视频欧美日本| www日本在线高清视频| 久久人妻熟女aⅴ| 9热在线视频观看99| 国产精品国产三级专区第一集| 蜜桃国产av成人99| 七月丁香在线播放| h视频一区二区三区| 精品一区在线观看国产| 日本黄色日本黄色录像| 久久精品国产综合久久久| 中文字幕另类日韩欧美亚洲嫩草| 黄色视频在线播放观看不卡| 国产 一区精品| 99久久人妻综合| 高清av免费在线| 国产一卡二卡三卡精品 | 午夜福利乱码中文字幕| 国产av国产精品国产| 肉色欧美久久久久久久蜜桃| 韩国高清视频一区二区三区| 女人精品久久久久毛片| 亚洲精品一二三| 午夜日韩欧美国产| 美女大奶头黄色视频| 女的被弄到高潮叫床怎么办| 亚洲国产欧美在线一区| 国产在线视频一区二区| 2021少妇久久久久久久久久久| 大香蕉久久成人网| 91成人精品电影| 久久久久人妻精品一区果冻| 99精国产麻豆久久婷婷| 麻豆乱淫一区二区| 国产成人91sexporn| 免费看不卡的av| 美女福利国产在线| 色精品久久人妻99蜜桃| 国产深夜福利视频在线观看| av一本久久久久| 女人久久www免费人成看片| 丝袜脚勾引网站| 最黄视频免费看| 国产淫语在线视频| 看免费av毛片| 精品国产一区二区三区久久久樱花| 王馨瑶露胸无遮挡在线观看| 精品国产露脸久久av麻豆| 一边摸一边做爽爽视频免费| 亚洲av成人精品一二三区| 精品亚洲成a人片在线观看| 中文字幕色久视频| 久久天堂一区二区三区四区| 一级毛片我不卡| 久久99精品国语久久久| 高清在线视频一区二区三区| 男女国产视频网站| 色网站视频免费| 青春草国产在线视频| 国产成人91sexporn| 亚洲成人国产一区在线观看 | 国产精品久久久av美女十八| 天堂8中文在线网| 久久精品国产亚洲av高清一级| 黄色 视频免费看| 午夜激情久久久久久久| 美女高潮到喷水免费观看| 日韩 亚洲 欧美在线| 亚洲国产av新网站| 欧美老熟妇乱子伦牲交| 女人爽到高潮嗷嗷叫在线视频| 久久免费观看电影| 婷婷成人精品国产| 亚洲国产av新网站| 狠狠精品人妻久久久久久综合| 亚洲国产精品999| xxxhd国产人妻xxx| 亚洲av电影在线进入| av不卡在线播放| 男女边摸边吃奶| 青春草国产在线视频| 国产有黄有色有爽视频| 免费高清在线观看视频在线观看| 国产在视频线精品| 制服丝袜香蕉在线| 欧美成人午夜精品| 欧美精品一区二区免费开放| 中文字幕最新亚洲高清| 欧美黄色片欧美黄色片| 丁香六月欧美| 免费高清在线观看日韩| 丝袜脚勾引网站| 免费观看a级毛片全部| av在线老鸭窝| 欧美精品av麻豆av| 黄色一级大片看看| 老司机亚洲免费影院| 国产极品天堂在线| 韩国精品一区二区三区| 大片电影免费在线观看免费| 久久毛片免费看一区二区三区| 免费观看性生交大片5| 国产精品一区二区在线观看99| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区久久| 制服丝袜香蕉在线| 一区二区三区激情视频| 国产一区二区在线观看av| 在线观看免费视频网站a站| 天美传媒精品一区二区| 亚洲成人av在线免费| 9热在线视频观看99| 午夜日本视频在线| 另类精品久久| 国产精品秋霞免费鲁丝片| 精品视频人人做人人爽| 精品少妇久久久久久888优播| 精品国产一区二区三区久久久樱花| 亚洲精品日本国产第一区| 婷婷色麻豆天堂久久| 在线亚洲精品国产二区图片欧美| 一本—道久久a久久精品蜜桃钙片| 午夜免费观看性视频| 人人妻人人添人人爽欧美一区卜| 人体艺术视频欧美日本| 精品少妇一区二区三区视频日本电影 | 99国产精品免费福利视频| 中文字幕高清在线视频| 欧美xxⅹ黑人| 一边摸一边做爽爽视频免费| 69精品国产乱码久久久| 精品亚洲成国产av| av天堂久久9|