如何閱讀課本

苗淑華

Reading a textbook can feel like a hard task. The language can be dry and there can be many unknown words and phrases. You may have been assigned to read too many pages. There are ways that you can become more comfortable with your textbook and more confident in reading it.

閱讀課本可能會讓人覺得是一項艱巨的任務(wù)。語言很枯燥，還有許多生單詞和短語。也許你需要完成太多頁的閱讀。下面這些方法可以讓你閱讀課本時更順暢、更有信心。

Part 1 Getting To Know Your Textbook

第一部分 了解課本

1. Look at the cover. Are there pictures or art that can give you a clue on the topics you may be studying？ What about the title？ Is this a book for beginners or for someone with more skill？

1. 查看封面。有沒有照片或繪圖可以提示你關(guān)于要學(xué)習(xí)的科目內(nèi)容？那標題呢？這本書適合初學(xué)者還是技能水平更高的人呢？

2. Review the table of contents， index， and vocabulary. How many chapters does the textbook have， and about how long are they？ What about sub-chapters？ What are the titles of the chapters and sub-chapters？

2. 查看目錄，索引和詞匯表。課本有多少章，以及它們有多長篇幅呢？那么分章節(jié)呢？這些章節(jié)和分章節(jié)的標題是什么？

3. Skim the textbook for headlines and visuals1. Quickly flip2 through the pages. What immediately catches your attention？ Take note of the chapter titles， bold3 words and vocabulary， photos， drawings， charts and so on. What do they tell you about things youll be learning in the book？

3. 瀏覽課本標題和圖片?？焖贋g覽書頁。什么會立即引起你的注意？注意章節(jié)標題、粗體詞和單詞、照片、圖紙、表格等。這些會告訴你哪些是在書中會學(xué)到的東西嗎？

Part 2 Reading Actively

第二部分 積極閱讀

1. Read the end of the chapter first. Thats right. Go to the end of the chapter， and read the summary and the questions that are there. This is the perfect way for you to get an idea of what youre about to read in the chapter. Next， read the introduction to the chapter. This also helps your brain get ready for the new information and helps it with processing.

1. 首先閱讀章節(jié)的結(jié)尾。沒錯，翻到章節(jié)末尾，閱讀該部分相關(guān)的總結(jié)和問題。這是讓你了解本章閱讀內(nèi)容的最佳方式。接下來，閱讀本章的簡介。這也可以幫助你的大腦準備接收和處理新信息。

2. Highlight your own textbook. If you buy the book （and youre not borrowing it from a person， library， or school）， you should highlight. Dont stop to highlight or take notes during the first reading. This disrupts your flow of comprehension， and you may end up highlighting things that you shouldnt.

2. 在自己的課本上做標記。如果你購買了這本書（而不是從他人、圖書館或?qū)W校借的），那你可以在上面做一下標記。不要在閱讀第一遍時停下來做標記或記筆記。這會打斷你的理解思路，最后也許會讓你在不該標記的部分做標記。

3. Take notes. In a notebook for the class， write down the main ideas of what you read for each section， IN YOUR OWN WORDS. It is extremely important to write your notes in your own words.

3. 做筆記。在課堂筆記中寫下每個部分閱讀的主要思想，用你自己的話寫。用你自己的話記筆記非常重要。

4. Bring your notes and questions to class. This will help you feel prepared for class discussions or lectures. Be sure to pay attention during class， and add notes.

4. 把筆記和問題帶到課堂上。這將幫助你做好課堂討論或講座的準備。請務(wù)必在課堂上集中注意力，同時添加筆記。

Part 3 Scheduling Time to Read， Review， and Study

第三部分 安排時間來閱讀，復(fù)習(xí)和學(xué)習(xí)

1. Give yourself breaks. If you have four hours of reading， dont try to do all of it at one time. You may become tired and unfocused.

1. 注意休息。如果你有四個小時的閱讀時間，不建議你一次性完成所有的閱讀。這會讓你變得疲憊且無法集中注意力。

2. Read in a distraction-free4 zone. You cant be expected to comprehend lots of information if there is noise around. Avoid reading in your bed if possible. Your brain most likely associates your bed with sleep， and it will want to do that if you are reading there. Go to a quiet place that has little distractions for you.

2. 在不受打擾的地方閱讀。如果周圍有噪音，你就沒法理解大量的信息。如果可能，盡量避免在床上閱讀。你的大腦很可能會將床與睡眠聯(lián)系在一起，如果你在床上讀書，大腦會想睡覺。去一個安靜的不會讓你分心的地方閱讀吧。

3. Read your notes multiple times. If you read carefully， highlighted and took notes， you should only need to read the textbook once. What you will re-read during studying is your highlighted phrases， your margin5 questions and/or notes， and your notebook notes.

3. 多閱讀筆記。如果你仔細閱讀課本，做好標記和筆記，則只需要讀一次。在學(xué)習(xí)期間你要反復(fù)看的是重點詞組，頁邊空白處的問題、注釋，以及筆記本上的筆記。

4. Complete all of the work assigned. If the teacher gives you math exercises to complete， or short answer questions to write， do them anyway. There is a purpose to the assigning of the work， and that is for you to further your understanding of the material from the book.

4. 完成布置的所有功課。如果教師給你布置數(shù)學(xué)練習(xí)來完成，或者簡短的問答題，不管怎樣你要先完成。布置作業(yè)的一個目的，就是讓你進一步理解書中的內(nèi)容。

Notes：

1. visual [■] n. 視覺資料 （展示或解釋用的圖畫、圖表或電影片段等）

2. flip [■] vi. 快速翻閱

3. bold [■] adj. 黑體的

4. distraction-free不分心；免受干擾

5. margin [■] n. 邊緣；頁邊的空白