文/瓊·克雷格黑德·喬治 譯析/吳文安
By Jean Craighead George
山姆,開始過橋的時(shí)候我自言自語,你必須停止這些念頭,開始想想該做些什么,因?yàn)槟阋呀?jīng)沒有獵鷹了。
[2]我的朋友班多曾經(jīng)說過,生活中總免不了碰到問題和解決問題,無論你是變形蟲或者太空旅行者都莫不如此。我現(xiàn)在有問題了。我必須為艾麗斯和我自己提供肉食。魚類、堅(jiān)果和蔬菜有益且必需,但我們要從事繁重的體力勞動(dòng),這些不能提供足夠的能量。雖然現(xiàn)在我們還有鹿肉,但我不能總是指望能得到鹿肉。就今年來說,我們只在草莓夫人家農(nóng)場前面的路上撿到過被車撞死的鹿,并無其他來源。
[3]我決定走最遠(yuǎn)的路回家。這條路是沿著特拉華河西部支流的洪泛平原直到“急流殺”處。急流殺是我給一條湍急的小溪起的名字,它從我住的山脈南面奔流而下。我需要時(shí)間來思考。也許艾麗斯和我應(yīng)該像早期的愛斯基摩人那樣生活。我們應(yīng)該四處游走,宿營并且狩獵,當(dāng)季節(jié)變化,我們就走向新的食物來源地。但我愛我的樹屋還有我的山頂,不想四處游牧。
[4]另一個(gè)辦法就是當(dāng)農(nóng)民,像曾經(jīng)生活在這里的易洛魁聯(lián)盟的印第安人那樣。他們定居在村子里,以種植玉米、南瓜、矮菜豆和漿果為生。我們已經(jīng)在濕潤的土壤里種花生,在貧瘠的地方種南瓜。但易洛魁人也狩獵。我再也不能狩獵了。
[5]我又回到一無所有的狀態(tài)。
椴木林和鐵杉樹遮天蔽日,我從一塊巖石跳向另一塊巖石,慢慢地爬向急流殺。這時(shí)我突然聽到了棲息在山頂?shù)募t尾鷹的叫聲。這讓我想起了“驚悚”,心口隱隱作痛。我仿佛聽到她在叫我的名字,可里,可里,可里,咔里。
[6]如果我找大學(xué)里負(fù)責(zé)游隼的那個(gè)老師央求,也許能把“驚悚”要回來?!暗删褪侨绱??!彼麜?huì)說。我可以給美國總統(tǒng)寫信,請(qǐng)求他給艾麗斯和我豁免權(quán)。這恐怕也行不通。因?yàn)榭偨y(tǒng)就職的時(shí)候,曾經(jīng)宣誓捍衛(wèi)美國的憲法和法律。
[7]我接著往上爬。我必須不再想那些不可能的方案,解決目前的問題,想想要做些什么。我必須找到養(yǎng)活我們的辦法。而“驚悚”在大學(xué)里會(huì)有人好好照料,也會(huì)生育自己的幼鳥。
[8]一想到“驚悚”的那些幼鳥,我面露微笑,遲滯的腳步也變得輕快了。
[9]我來到小河的上游,脫下衣服還有鹿皮鞋,到一處深潭里洗個(gè)澡。潭水清澈透明,我很快就精神振作,可以更清醒地思考了。我爬上岸,穿好衣服,坐下來。山風(fēng)徐徐吹來,我深吸幾口,想要找到解決問題的更現(xiàn)實(shí)的辦法。
Sam, I say to myself as I start across the bridge, you must stop these thoughts and start thinking about what to do now that you have no falcon.
[2] Life, my friend Bando once said,is meeting problems and solving them whether you are an amoeba or a space traveler. I have a problem. I have to provide Alice and myself with meat. Fish,nuts, and vegetables are good and necessary, but they don’t provide enough fuel for the hard physical work we do.Although we have venison now, I can’t always count on getting it. So far this year, our venison has been only road kill from in front of Mrs. Strawberry’s farm.
[3] I decide to take the longest way home, down the flood plain of the West Branch of Delaware to Spillkill, my own name for a fast stream that cascades down the south face of the mountain range I’m on. I need time to think.Perhaps Alice and I should be like the early Eskimos. We should walk, camp and hunt, and when the seasons change,walk on to new food sources. But I love my tree and my mountaintop.
特許標(biāo)準(zhǔn)計(jì)劃的實(shí)施,擺脫了以往以學(xué)校為單位的青少年人才選拔機(jī)制,充分利用了英足總和英國職業(yè)足球俱樂部在資金、師資、場地設(shè)施等方面的優(yōu)勢,以社區(qū)(區(qū)域)為單位,最大限度地發(fā)現(xiàn)、挖掘青少年足球人才,逐漸形成職業(yè)足球、校園足球、社區(qū)足球相結(jié)合的青少年足球發(fā)展網(wǎng)絡(luò)[5]。
[4] Another solution would be to become farmers, like the people of the Iroquois Confederacy who once lived here. They settled in villages and planted corn and squash, bush beans and berries. We already grow groundnuts in the damp soil and squash in the poor land.But the Iroquois also hunted game. I can’t do that anymore.
[5] I’m back where I started from.
Slowly I climb the Spillkill. As I hop from rock to rock beneath shady basswoods and hemlocks, I hear the cry of the red-tailed hawk who nests on the mountain crest. I am reminded of Frightful and my heart aches. I can almost hear her call my name, Creee,creee, creee, car-ree.
[6] Maybe I can get her back if I plead with the man who is in charge of the peregrines at the university. “But it’s the law,” he would say. I could write to the president of the United States and ask him to make an exception of Alice and me. That won’t work. The president swore to uphold the Constitution and laws of the United States when he took of fice.
[7] I climb on. I must stop thinking about the impossible and solve the problem of what to do now. I must find a new way to provide for us. Frightful is going to be in good hands at the university, and she will have young.
[8] I smile at the thought of little Frightfuls and lift my reluctant feet.
[9] When I am far above the river, I take off my clothes and moccasins and bathe in a deep, clear pool until I am refreshed and thinking more clearly.Climbing up the bank, I dress and sit down. I breathe deeply of the mountain air and try to solve my problem more realistically.
【第一段】山姆提醒自己,要拋棄一切不切實(shí)際的幻想,必須直面困境,因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)沒有獵鷹幫忙了。原文里的第二人稱you需要直譯過來,這樣才能表現(xiàn)山姆自言自語的狀態(tài)。
【第二段】原文第一句是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá)真理式的論斷,譯文應(yīng)添加“總是”等詞語。為了中文句子完整,譯文添加了“都莫不如此”。第四句的good不宜直譯為“很好”,這里轉(zhuǎn)換為“有益”。原文里的fuel(燃料)屬于比喻,譯文明晰化為“能量”。最后一句的譯文添加了“并無其他來源”,是補(bǔ)足原文的意思。
【第三段】原文第一句中有一個(gè)主人公自己起的地名Spillkill(急流殺),聽上去有點(diǎn)古怪,譯文予以保留。最后一句原文是山姆的意識(shí)流,句子不完整,譯文補(bǔ)出隱含的意思“不想四處游牧”。
【第四段】山姆的思想在激烈地斗爭。他想當(dāng)農(nóng)民,但農(nóng)民也狩獵,所以他的思路仍然離不開被搶走的獵鷹。這里有一個(gè)專有名詞易洛魁聯(lián)盟。
【第五段】第一句語義模糊,譯文明晰化為“一無所有(一開始)的狀態(tài)”。下一段句首是一個(gè)主題句,符合英語習(xí)慣,但在中文里顯得有點(diǎn)混亂,于是譯文調(diào)整了語序。聽到紅尾鷹的叫聲,山姆又想到了“驚悚”,真是揮之不去。這說明他的思路已經(jīng)混亂,需要清醒一下。原文句末是象聲詞,中文也適當(dāng)做了模仿。
【第六段】山姆的思路又回到了如何奪回“驚悚”,而且極不現(xiàn)實(shí)。不過,這也符合一個(gè)少年的心境,畢竟他思想簡單,缺乏閱歷,有很多不切實(shí)際的幼稚想法。
【第七段】山姆命令自己停止思念“驚悚”,但做不到。他還想到了“驚悚”會(huì)生兒育女,撫養(yǎng)小獵鷹。
【第八段】原文reluctant feet屬于移就修辭手法,表明山姆步履遲緩,思路混亂。等他想到“驚悚”也應(yīng)該養(yǎng)育自己的幼鳥,心里稍有寬慰,步伐才輕快起來。
【第九段】第一句原文稍嫌復(fù)雜,譯文調(diào)整了語序,使之更符合中文邏輯。最后一句的譯文也沒有恪守原文語序,而是調(diào)換了mountain air的位置,這樣中文更加順暢。
【小結(jié)】這一段選文里有幾個(gè)專有名詞需要注意并適當(dāng)傳譯。同時(shí),這一部分文字屬主人公的意識(shí)流,有的句子意思不完整,需要在譯文里補(bǔ)足才好。原文還有幾句話語序搭配較為特殊,不宜照搬到中文里,按照中文習(xí)慣加以調(diào)整會(huì)更順暢。 □