上海國(guó)際汽車(chē)城科技創(chuàng)新港C地塊

建筑師： 周 蔚 + 張 斌 / 致正建筑工作室

主持建筑師：周 蔚、張 斌

項(xiàng)目建筑師：金燕琳（方案設(shè)計(jì)、擴(kuò)初設(shè)計(jì)、施工圖設(shè)計(jì)）、蘇炯（方案設(shè)計(jì)）、李沁（施工圖設(shè)計(jì)）

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)： 王佳琦、李佳、霍麗、楊敏、李姿娜、李曄、仇暢、夏彧、陸磊、黃偉立

合作設(shè)計(jì)： 上海建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司

建設(shè)地點(diǎn)： 上海市嘉定區(qū)安亭鎮(zhèn)安研路、安拓路

建設(shè)單位： 上海國(guó)際汽車(chē)城發(fā)展有限公司

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間： 2010年1月-2013年3月

建造時(shí)間： 2013年7月-2016年6月

建筑面積： 36 839m2（地上），10 332m2（地下）

主要用途： 研發(fā)、辦公

攝 影 師：陳顥、胡義杰

項(xiàng)目概況

科技創(chuàng)新港位于上海西北郊的上海國(guó)際汽車(chē)城的核心區(qū)域，是一個(gè)定位于面向汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)未來(lái)智能化轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)的研發(fā)集聚園區(qū)和產(chǎn)業(yè)示范基地，總建筑面積逾20萬(wàn)平方米。整個(gè)園區(qū)呈現(xiàn)為由南北景觀中軸串聯(lián)、20個(gè)小街坊（約50mX50m）均布的低層高密度空間規(guī)劃模式，并由國(guó)內(nèi)五家建筑師事務(wù)所（維思平、致正、大舍、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)營(yíng)造和劉宇揚(yáng)）以集群設(shè)計(jì)的方式負(fù)責(zé)落地實(shí)施。整體方案幾經(jīng)演化，最后確定為由十字雙軸（南北向的景觀綠化軸和東西向的公共服務(wù)軸）串聯(lián)四組研發(fā)組團(tuán)，每組研發(fā)組團(tuán)包含四個(gè)小街坊。

致正建筑工作室所承擔(dān)設(shè)計(jì)的C地塊位于整個(gè)園區(qū)的東北角。項(xiàng)目面臨的難題是無(wú)法對(duì)將來(lái)的入駐研發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)的空間需求做出清晰的界定，而是希望不同的建筑師團(tuán)隊(duì)根據(jù)初步的設(shè)想通過(guò)對(duì)空間設(shè)計(jì)的探討來(lái)形成多樣而又富有彈性的空間模式。設(shè)計(jì)之初C地塊能夠確定的設(shè)計(jì)要求是：其中有一個(gè)街坊是十二套小型研發(fā)單元的集合（每單元300-500平米）；另三個(gè)街坊都是八套中型研發(fā)單元的集合（每單元800-1200平米）。

設(shè)計(jì)策略

面對(duì)新興產(chǎn)業(yè)空間的適應(yīng)性要求和規(guī)劃確定的高密度開(kāi)發(fā)模式，以及無(wú)特征性場(chǎng)地上的地域空間文化傳承語(yǔ)境，我們希望創(chuàng)造出有空間歸屬感和文化認(rèn)同感的積極的辦公環(huán)境。我們的基本策略是引入不同的研發(fā)空間組合模式，并與多層次的立體庭院組織相耦合，為每一個(gè)作為研發(fā)集合體的街坊營(yíng)造專(zhuān)屬于它的半公共空間的獨(dú)特氛圍，進(jìn)而以多樣的方式來(lái)促進(jìn)未來(lái)使用中的交流與共享。從虛實(shí)相生、步移景異的江南傳統(tǒng)宅園文化中獲得啟發(fā)，以庭院為核心組織空間，以提高空間的靈活性和積極性，并在高密度的咫尺天地中營(yíng)造出江南園林文化所寄托的山水意趣，賦予產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新空間以地域文化精神。由此形成的三種具有空間原型特征的街坊模式分別是針對(duì)小型研發(fā)單元組合的“層峰隱閣”，以及針對(duì)中型研發(fā)單元組合的“空中連院”和“雙聯(lián)圍院”。

層峰隱閣（C2）

C2街坊探討密集的小尺度研發(fā)單元在獲得各自獨(dú)立性的同時(shí)，如何鼓勵(lì)未來(lái)更有創(chuàng)意的使用方式，并始終將研發(fā)空間的開(kāi)放性、交融性和景觀化作為基本述求。這一街坊包含12套小型研發(fā)辦公單元，我們希望用層疊的方式來(lái)組合，但要保證每套在底層有獨(dú)立的入口門(mén)廳。建筑整體被分為一、二層帶有庭院的基座和上部懸挑在不同核心筒上的五個(gè)透明盒子兩部分，其間的三層是全部架空、上下共享的屋頂花園。屋頂花園上設(shè)置了一系列凸起不同高度的小花園，它們成為上部懸浮單元和三層花園之間的景觀和游走過(guò)度。由于一、二層有較大面積的內(nèi)部退臺(tái)庭院，這樣整個(gè)基座就成為了一座抽象意義上的可觀可游的山，外部邊界整齊，內(nèi)部層巒疊嶂、峰回路轉(zhuǎn)；而上部的漂浮單元?jiǎng)t成為群山之巔若隱若現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)落樓閣。我們特意把三層上凸起的五個(gè)山峰般的小花園設(shè)想為一系列超大尺度的樹(shù)石山水盆景，以此來(lái)反轉(zhuǎn)建筑與山水意向之間的尺度差異。這一富有山水自然意境的研發(fā)集合體，除了作為12個(gè)獨(dú)立的研發(fā)單元來(lái)使用，也可以或者在水平方向上組合擴(kuò)大單元使用，或者在垂直方向上分層擴(kuò)大單元使用，甚至也鼓勵(lì)作為一個(gè)5000平米的研發(fā)整體來(lái)使用。上述的最大使用靈活性始終可以和我們營(yíng)造的那個(gè)“咫尺山林”般的建筑中的花園相互動(dòng)。

空中連院（C1、C4）

C1、C4這兩個(gè)街坊的設(shè)計(jì)述求一方面是希望在底層提供無(wú)柱的大跨高敞試制車(chē)間，另一方面是為上部的研發(fā)辦公空間提供一種可靈活組合的小尺度空間模式。我們的基本思路是先把體量分為密集均布的四條，每條的底層都是兩端開(kāi)門(mén)的長(zhǎng)條試制車(chē)間。條狀體量之間的空隙是可穿行的綠化巷道，并為上部的研發(fā)空間提供采光與通風(fēng)。上部的研發(fā)空間借鑒江南傳統(tǒng)院宅的布局模式，在四路四進(jìn)的格局中形成橫向和縱向可以靈活組合的庭院辦公環(huán)境。這種組合方式在今后可以應(yīng)對(duì)不同規(guī)模的使用要求，并維持庭院式的空間特質(zhì)。

雙聯(lián)圍院（C3）

C3街坊的設(shè)計(jì)述求是在確立每個(gè)研發(fā)單元的獨(dú)立性的同時(shí)，為將來(lái)使用中的再組合提供多樣的靈活性，并保持室內(nèi)外空間的充分互動(dòng)。每個(gè)單元底層的試制車(chē)間鼓勵(lì)展示、交流等使用的兼容性。街坊由四組雙聯(lián)研發(fā)樓呈風(fēng)車(chē)狀圍合而成，中間是一個(gè)街坊共享的可穿行公共庭院。每組雙聯(lián)研發(fā)樓底層都有每個(gè)單元的試制車(chē)間各自專(zhuān)屬的庭院空間，上部的研發(fā)辦公部分每層都有錯(cuò)落的露臺(tái)或雙層大開(kāi)口的陽(yáng)臺(tái)空間，而且可以?xún)蓛蓡卧诓煌瑯菍?、不同方向連成一體。

構(gòu)造系統(tǒng)

在建筑外觀上所有研發(fā)組團(tuán)都選擇了灰白色涂料作為整體背景，以保持差異中足夠的一致性。C地塊不同街坊的差異也很大，我們選擇在白色涂料的高低錯(cuò)落、凹凸呼應(yīng)的體量背景上以大小不等、自由分布的窗洞來(lái)統(tǒng)一不同街坊的形態(tài)差異，在高密度的環(huán)境中形成一種輕松愉悅的外部氛圍。不同街坊都有分布的大尺度陽(yáng)臺(tái)在立面上提供了有進(jìn)深的、甚至是穿透體量的開(kāi)口，加強(qiáng)了建筑內(nèi)外的勾連體驗(yàn)，并在不同高度創(chuàng)造了有公共氛圍的活動(dòng)空間。不同體量之間的空中連接體采用玻璃幕墻外加穿孔鋁板的雙層構(gòu)造形成半透明的體量。C2街坊的一系列懸浮玻璃盒子營(yíng)造了頂端的輕盈與開(kāi)放，強(qiáng)化了建筑與景觀的互動(dòng)，透明表面背后隱約透出桁架桿件既參與了空間與形式的建構(gòu)，又保持了大尺度懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)的可讀性。

本項(xiàng)目從設(shè)計(jì)到建成所跨越的這六、七年正是中國(guó)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)完成傳統(tǒng)制造規(guī)模的高峰期、面對(duì)新能源、智能、網(wǎng)聯(lián)、體驗(yàn)等產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型挑戰(zhàn)的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期?？上驳氖?，隨著越來(lái)越多的代表性研發(fā)企業(yè)的入駐，園區(qū)的空間與環(huán)境契合了這些研發(fā)企業(yè)的需求，街區(qū)式的開(kāi)放結(jié)構(gòu)和景觀化的公共空間開(kāi)始營(yíng)造出園區(qū)的社區(qū)認(rèn)同感，差異化、有彈性的研發(fā)單元組合促進(jìn)了創(chuàng)造性的空間使用，讓創(chuàng)新港有能力承載未來(lái)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)一步升級(jí)與轉(zhuǎn)型。

Project Overview

Auto Innovation Park is located in the core area of Shanghai International Automobile City (northwest suburb, Shanghai), which is the research and development hub and industrial model base for automotive industry’s future intelligent transformation and upgrade, with overall fl oorage of more than 200,000 m2.The whole Park is presented as a low-rise high-density spatial planning with north-south landscape axis series and 20 small blocks (about 50mX50m). It will be in the form of group design composed by fi ve Chinese architect oきces (WSP, Atelier Z +, Deshaus, Standard Architecture and ALYA) for landing implementation. Upon the several evolutions, the overall project was fi nally determined by the four R&D groups which de fi ned by cross biaxial series (landscape green axis in north-south and the public service axis in east-west), and each group includes four small blocks.

The Plot C designed by Atelier Z+ is located in the northeast corner of the entire park. The challenge faced by the project is: there isn’t a clear de fi nition on space requirements from the R&D institutions to be settled, but rather that diあerent architect groups are hoped to create a diverse and fl exible spatial model based on their preliminary spatial design. Design requirements of Plot C which are able to be determined in the early days are: one block of twelve small R&D units (each measuring 300-500 m2);and other three blocks each containing eight medium-sized R&D units (each measuring 800-1200 m2).

Design Strategies

Facing adaptability requirements of emerging industry space and high-density development model determined by the plan, as well as the context of the regional spatial cultural heritage on the noncharacteristic sites, we hope to create a positive oきce environment with a spatial sense of belonging and cultural identity. Our basic strategy is to introduce a diあerent R&D space combination model and be coupled with a multi-level three-dimensional courtyard organization to create a unique semi-public space for every entity settled in the block and then to promote exchange and sharing for future use in a variety of ways. Getting inspiration from the traditional garden culture of virtual-real complementation and varying sceneries with changing view-points, we regard the courtyard as the core organization space to improve the spatial fl exibility and enthusiasm, and to create the landscape charm of garden culture on Yangtze Delta in such high density place, providing the industrial innovation space with spirit of regional culture. The three kinds of blocks with spatial prototyping are the "Wrinkled Peaks and

Hidden Attics" for small R&D units, the "Elevated Courtyards" and the "Enclosure Courtyards with Duplex Units” for medium R&D units.

Wrinkled Peaks and Hidden Attics (C2)

For block C2, we tried to explore the small R&D units in their own independence, discussed on how to encourage a more creative future use and always regard the openness, integration and landscaping as a basic requirement. This block contains 12 small R&D oきce units, so we decided to combine them in cascading way and ensure that there is a independent entrance on each ground floor. The whole building is divided into two parts, a perforated pedestal with courtyards on fi rst and second fl oor and five transparent boxes suspended on different core tubes in the upper fourth floor, in which the third fl oor are all overhead, up and down sharing roof garden. The roof garden is provided with a series of small gardens with diあerent heights, they become the landscape and path transition between the upper suspension unit and the garden on the third fl oor. As the fi rst and second fl oor have a large area of the internal setback courtyards, the entire pedestal has become a mountain in the abstract sense, in which we can view and also we can stroll. It's outer boundary is neat and the inside peaks is rising one after another with winding paths, while the upper part of the fl oating unit has become the looming scattered pavilion at the top of the peaks. We deliberately conceive the fi ve-peak-like small gardens which are raised on the third fl oor as a series of large-scale potted tree-stone landscape, in order to reverse the discrepancy in scale between architectural and scenic images. These R&D combinations with artistic conception of natural scenery can be used as 12 independent R&D units as well as the expansion unit in the horizontal or vertical direction. They are even encouraged to be used as a whole R&D zone of 5,000 m2. The above-mentioned maximum fl exibility can always be used to interact with our garden created in this “very small scale mountain”.

Elevated Courtyards(C1/C4)

The design of block C1 and C4 is aim to provide large-span and high-open trial workshop without column on the ground fl oor and to provide a small-scale space model with fl exible combination for the upper part of the R&D oきce space. Our basic idea is to divide the volume into four densely distributed strips, each of which is the long strip trial workshop with doors at both sides. The gap between the strips is the green roadway where people can walk through, and they provide lighting and ventilation for the upper R&D space. The upper R&D space refers to the traditional on Yangtze Delta courtyard house layout, forming the courtyard oきce space which can be fl exibly combined both in transverse and longitudinal direction.This kind of combination is well prepared for multiple future use and maintaining the courtyard-style space particularity.

Enclosure Courtyards with Duplex Units (C3)

The block C3 is designed to establish the independence of each R&D unit, providing a variety of fl exibility on re-combination in future use, and maintaining sufficient indoor and outdoor spatial interaction.Functional activities like display, communication are encouraged in each trial workshop on ground fl oor.The windmill shaped block is made up of four groups of duplex R&D buildings, in the middle of which there is a public courtyard where people can walk through. On the ground fl oor of each duplex building,each trial workshop enjoys an exclusive courtyard, while the upper R&D oきces have scattered terraces or balconies with double-storey height large opening. Every two units can be connected on the diあerent fl oors and in diあerent directions.

Architectonic System

All R&D groups have chosen grey white painting as a whole background color to keep enough consistency of architectural appearance. Since the blocks of Plot C are very diあerent from each other, we unify morphological diあerence by setting diあerent size and freely distributed windows in this scattered and organized concave-convex white volume background. We create relaxed and pleasant external atmosphere in such a high-density environment. The large-scale balconies in each block have provided the facade with deep, even volume-penetrating opening. The indoor and outdoor connecting experience is strengthened and public activity realm is created at diあerent heights. The air connectors between diあerent building volumes are constructed with glass curtain wall and doublelayer perforated aluminum plate, which makes the volume translucent and fuzzy. In block C2, a light graceful and opening top is created by a series of suspended glass boxes. So the interaction between the building and landscape is intensified. The hidden trusses behind the transparent surface are not only involved in spatial and form construction, but also have maintained the legibility of large-scale cantilever structure.

The six or seven years elapsed from the design to the completion of this project happened to be the peak time and crucial period of China's automobile industry, which is turning to complete its traditional production scale, face the challenges brought by new energy industry, artificial intelligence, mobile internet and customer experience. It is gratifying that as the number of representative R&D enterprises are settled, the park space and environment have fi tted their needs. The block open structure and the landscaping public space began to create a park community identity; different and flexible R&D unit combinations have facilitated creative spatial use; Auto Innovation Park is able to survive the future automobile industry upgrade and transformation.