ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION OF OIL & GAS FIELDS

Vol.29 No.4 2019 Tot.No.131

ManagementPrincipleandTreatmentTechno-logyofOffshoreDrillingWaste(1)

Zhang Yuchen Lin Jiayu Huo Hongbo Liu Hailong Zhang Lei

(TianjinBranchofSinoseaPetroGroup(China)CompanyLimited)

ABSTRACTWith the increasing requirement of marine environmental protection, more and more offshore oil fields require zero discharge of drilling waste. Compliant treatment of drilling waste has become an urgent problem to be solved in offshore production. According to the “4R” principle of foreign drilling waste management, management principle of offshore drilling waste is discussed based on the analysis of the current treatment methods and existing problems of offshore drilling waste. In addition, combined with characteristics of offshore operations, chemical destabilizing solid-fluid separation techniques for water-based drilling waste are explored. Moreover, focusing on coupling techniques of mechanical separation and thermal desorption for oil-based drilling waste, their corresponding treatment processes and equipments are introduced. The results show that the performance of the new drilling fluid separated from the chemical destabilizing fluid is basically the same as that prepared with clear water. After thermal desorption, oil and water are recovered, and the oil content of drilling cuttings is less than 1%, which meets requirements of GB 16297—1996 “EffluentLimitationsforPollutantsfromOffshorePetroleumExplorationandProduction”.

KEYWORDSdrilling waste; recycling; solid-liquid separation; thermal desorption

CurrentSituationandSuggestiononOilySludgeTreatmentatHomeandAbroad(4)

Ren Shuoyi1Guan Shuo2Shi Jun3Wang Jin1

(1.DepartmentofOverseasHSSETechnicalSupportCenter,PetroChinaInternationalOilandGasExplorationandDevelopmentCorporation; 2.DepartmentofHealth,SafetyandEnvironmentalProtection,PetroChinaInternationalOilandGasExplorationandDevelopmentCorporation; 3.DepartmentofExplorationandDevelopment,PetroChinaCoalbedMethaneCompanyLimited)

ABSTRACTBase on the acute situation of oily sludge pollution and treatment, this article briefs the source and the harm of oily sludge, and the current status of oily sludge pollution at home and abroad; introduces oily sludge treatment requirements and standards of America, Canada, and several European countries; analyzes the policy, law and regulation in oil sludge treatment of our country. This article points out main problems and challenges, including huge amounts of oily sludge left over by history, certain types of oily sludge being difficult to treat, ambiguity of domestic oily sludge treatment standard, and complexity of overseas oily sludge problem. In addition, a group of corresponding countermeasures and suggests are given, including recycling treatment of sludge, reducing the amount of sludge left over by history, minimizing the new sludge, and improving compliance management.

KEYWORDSoily sludge; hazardous wastes; treatment

StudyonanNovelTypeofOilySludgeCleaningAgent(8)

Wei Yihan Wen Tianxiang Duan Xinxin Wu Shigen Liu Yucheng

(CollegeofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,SouthwestPetroleumUniversity)

ABSTRACTTea saponin is a kind of natural non-ionic surfactant with good properties extracted from tea seeds. By using tea saponin and existing cleaning agent to be compounded in certain proportion, it can be expected that the benefits, including high efficiency and environmental friendliness, can be obtained from an novel type of oily sludge cleaning agent through screening. Tea saponin is compounded with alkylphenol ethoxylates(OP), sodium silicate(Na2SiO3), fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether(AEO) and sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate(SAS), respectively. Tea saponin, Na2SiO3, AEO, NaHCO3optimized ratio was 1∶3∶3∶3, which obtains from a series of experiments. The results show that hot water bath temperature is 65℃; the stirring time is 40 min; the speed is 100 r/min; the solution pH is 10; the maximum handling capacity is 2.0 g of sludge per 50 mL of this cleaning agent; this optimized secondary cleaning agent is 0.3 g of AEO per 50 mL of distilled water. Both this cleaning agent and this secondary cleaning agent can better deal with oily sludge, and the highest rate of oil removal can reach 95.35%.

KEYWORDSenvironmental-friendly; tea saponin; oily sludge; proportion; optimized process conditions

ExistingProblemsandMeasuresoftheDispo-salofDesulfurizationRichAgent(12)

Li Xiaobin Zhong Guochun Wang Jue Xia Ying Jiang Rui Wen Ming Zhong Chaoqian

(ChongqingGasField,PetroChinaSouthwestOilandGasCompany)

ABSTRACTFor the current status that the disposal of desulfurization rich agent produced by the dry desulphurization process of sour natural gas must meet requirements of environmental protection and green mining creation. In this article, several disposal methods of desulfurization rich agent are compared, which analyzes the impact on the environment, and than the feasibility of these methods is sorted out. Combined with the practical situation, it can be concluded that the synergetic disposal by the cement kiln and vitrified brick is a kind of feasible and relative environmental-friendly treatment method. By the disposal experiments of the two kinds of process the technological process, the blending ratio of desulfurization rich agent is controlled within the amount of 0.5%-1%. The cement can be qualified, and the maximum exhaust emission within the concentration of 125 mg/m3can meet GB 29620—2013 “TheStandardofAtmosphericPollutantsEmissionofBrickandTileIndustry”; when 5% of desulfurization rich agent is introduced into the shale to make bricks, the maximum exhaust emission within the concentration of the 300 mg/m3can meet GB 29620—2013 “TheStandardofAtmosphericPollutantsEmissionofBrickandTileIndustry”, the total content of SO2is also within the control range of the local environmental department. In conclusion, this article further figures out the main problems existing in the current disposal of desulfurization rich agent from the aspects of legitimacy and compliance, regional disposal requirements, safety and environmental risk, and disposal market, and offers several feasible suggestions and solutions in order to solve these problems.

KEYWORDSnatural gas; purification products; desulfurization rich agent; blending; cement kiln; vitrified brick; disposal

SelectionofTreatmentandDisposalTechnologyforSludgeContainingSulfurinHighSulfurGasField(17)

Wang Hongchun Xiong Juanjuan Xi Junlan Huo Haizhou

(TechnicalMonitoringCenter,SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTThe sources and properties of sulfur-containing sludge in high-sulfur gas fields are introduced in this paper. According to the different properties of sulfur-containing sludge, their advantages and disadvantages of 9 kinds of treatment technologies, and their applications are further compared and analyzed. For the scattered sulfur sludge production points, the skid-mounted pyrolysis process is selected to carry out on-site reduction treatment irregularly. For the sulfur-containing sludge generated by the water treatment station, the end of the existing process shall be added with the quenching and tempering mechanical dehydration facilities as well as drying facilities, and the water treatment process optimization research and technical experiments shall be carried out for verification. Through experimental analysis, it can be concluded that four processes are suitable for the treatment of sulfur-containing sludge: chemical agent+pressure filtration, solid waste heat treatment, rubber breaking+pressure filtration+dry distillation, granulation+ disc drying.

KEYWORDSsulfur sludge; processing; disposal; choose

ApplicationComparisonofTwoInvestigationMethodsataPetroleumContaminatedSite(21)

Gao Chunyang1,2,3,4Chen Changzhao1,2,4Huang Liang5Song Quanwei1,2Zhang Yu1,2,4Chen Hongkun1,2

(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofPetroleumPollutionControl; 2.CNPCResearchInstituteofSafetyandEnvironmentTechnology; 3.InstitudeofHydrogeologyandEnvironmentalGeology,ChineseAcademyofGeologicalSciences; 4.ChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Beijing); 5.PetroChinaLiaohePetrochemicalCompany)

ABSTRACTIn order to investigate the pollution situation of an abandoned petroleum refinery in Northwest China, MIP and geophysical methods are used to investigate the pollution sites, and then the pollution phenomena are confirmed in the residue tank area, the diesel tank area, and the gasoline tank area. This paper makes a correlation analysis on VOCs pollution laboratory value, MIP-FID value, PID signal value, and the resistivity value obtained by high density resistance method in geophysical method. The results show that there is a positive correlation between VOCs and resistivity values determined by FID as well as a positive correlation between PID corresponding electrical signals and high density method. The correlation coefficients are 0.938 9, 0.923 8 and 0.849 8, respectively.

KEYWORDSMIP; geophysical method; VOCs; tank area; correlation

IndustrialTestofPressureContinuousFlowFilterinXinjiangOilfield(25)

Fu Lei1Liu Jianchao1Han Liyan2Li Benshuang2Wu Qianyi1

(1.DesignBranchofXinjiangPetroleumEngineeringCo.,Ltd; 2.EngineeringTechnologyResearchInstitute,PetroChinaXinjiangOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTThe industrial testing of pressure-type continuous flow filters for producing water from oil fields is described in this article. According to the test results, when using 0.8-1.2 mm quartz sand filter material treats the water suspended solids, in the case of 73.7%, the suspended matter content is less than 2 mg/L; in the case of 26.3%, the suspended matter content is in the range of 2-5 mg/L. The treated water quality is between the primary filtration index and the secondary filtration index, which is better than that of the double filter material. When the 0.5-0.8 mm emery media is used, the suspended solid content of the treated water will be in the range of 5-6 mg/L, and the oil content will be less than 1 mg/L.

KEYWORDSpressure continuous flow filter; processing; oilfield produced water; industrial test; evaluation

StudyonEstimationMethodsofVOCsEmi-ssionsinOilandGasField(29)

Sun Encheng1Liu Xue2Chen Xiaoyan3Han Zhuo1Wang Yongqiang2

(1.TechnicalTestingCenter,SinopecShengliOilfieldCompany; 2.CollegeofChemicalEngineering,ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(EastChina); 3.MinistryofEnergyManagementandEnvironmentalProtection,SinopecCorporation)

ABSTRACTThe sources, processes, forms, and working conditions of VOCs in the oil and gas fields during the development and construction period and gas production periods are discussed in this paper. Methods for estimating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from oil and gas fields are also studied. In addition, the common calculation methods for VOCs emission in oil and gas field development processes, such as stack sampling, emission factor, calculation programs and engineering calculations are introduced. By comparing with the present status and issues of VOCs emissions in oil and gas fields industry at home and abroad, a group of reasonable suggestions has been put forward for the existing problems, which will provide more effective technical support for improving the governance level of VOCs in China.

KEYWORDSAmerican Oil and Gas Fields; volatile organic compounds; source analysis; accounting method

PopularizationandApplicationofLowPre-ssureCasingGasRecovery(33)

Wang Juan1Ding Hailing2Li Qi3

(1.FirstOilProductionPlant,PetroChinaHuabeiOilfieldCompany; 2.CNPCResearchInstituteofSafetyandEnvironmentTechnology; 3.OilLidePetroleumEngineeringCo.Ltd.)

ABSTRACTA self-research casing gas recovery device has been developed to recover the low-pressure casing gas in Huabei oilield. By using the reciprocating motion of the beam from the pumping unit as power source, the supercharged pump can reciprocate simultaneously, bring the casing gas into oil pipeline, and further realize the recovery of casing gas. The first oil recovery plant has gradually applied this recovery device to the entire plant with daily recovery gas volume over 100 m3for a single well, which succeeds in recover low pressure casing gas.

KEYWORDScasing gas; low pressure casing gas; recovery device

ApplicationofLowNitrogenBurnerinGasHeatingFurnace(36)

Hua Jingyu1Zhang Ruili2Zhang Yuhui1

(1.SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany; 2.BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology)

ABSTRACTIn order to meet the requirements of NOxemission standard in furnace exhaust gas for the prevention and control of air pollution in “2+26” cities, this paper analyzes the implementation standard, the present situation of furnaces in oil fields and the feasibility of installing low nitrogen burner in gas furnaces, and makes a comparative study on the prevention and control effect of NOxafter it is put into operation. The results show that the NOxconcentration of furnaces is greatly reduced in the range from 40-50 mg/m3. It can meet the current environmental protection requirements, including GB 13271—2014“EmissionStandardsofAirPollutantsforBoilers” and “TheActionPlanforComprehensivelyControllingAirPollutionintheAutumnandWinterof2018—2019intheBeijing-tianjin-hebeiRegionandTheirSurroundingAreas”.

KEYWORDSgas; furnace; nitrogen oxide low nitrogen burner

ApplicationPracticeofSeweragePoolSealingandGasRecoveryTechnologyinOilProductionPlant(39)

Zhang Tongguo1Sun Ganchuang1Feng Xiaohong2

(1.DepartmentofSafetyandEnvironmentalProtection,SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany; 2.InstituteofEngineeringTechnology,SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTAfter a certain oil production plant has launched the closed treatment of sewage ponds, the waste gas collected is treated up to standard. In this paper, the feasibility of combining low temperature plasma with photooxygen catalysis are explored, and the treatment effect after operation is also discussed. The results show that the ozone concentration at the boundary of the sewage treatment station is greatly reduced, which meets requirements of GB 14554—1993 “EmissionStandardsforOdorPollutants”. In addition, non-methane total hydrocarbon from treated exhaust gas meets the secondary standard requirement of GB 16297—1996“ComprehensiveStandardsfortheDischargeofAirPollutants”.

KEYWORDSoil recovery waste water; sewage lagoon; waste gas; collection and treatment

StudyonAdvancedTreatmentandReuseTechnologyofWastewaterinPuguangPurificationPlant(41)

He Xianwei

(PuguangBranchofSinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTIn the view the fact that both the total phosphorus and microorganism exceed standard in sewage reuse in purification plant, a series of lab experiments are explored, including chemical and physical membrane filtration and sterilization techniques, chemical sterilization, physical membrane filtration and biological sterilization. These results indicates that the combination of chemical sterilization and membrane filtration sterilization has the best effect. Ultrafiltration ceramic membrane system combined with chemical sterilization can effectively control the total number of bacteria in the effluent. When the dosage is 10 mL, the total number of bacteria in the effluent can be controlled at the amount of 100-400/mL. When ceramic membrane tube with filtration accuracy of 50 nm is adopted for contrast experiments, the total number of effluent bacteria is approximately 100/mL. In the field experiments, it can improve the quality of reuse water by ultrafiltration ceramic membrane system and integrated process of chemical phosphorus removal and sterilization .

KEYWORDSwaste water reuse; phosphorus removal; sterilization; circulating water

ResearchonWasteGasRecoveryandTreatmentTechnologyinOilProductionSewageTank(46)

Zhang Tao Tan Wenning Wu Baoguo Li Yongxiang

(WenweiOilProductionPlant,SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTThis paper introduces the sources and hazards of volatile waste gases from pool of oil production sewage, and discusses the treatment technology and principle of volatile waste gases in combination with its own theoretical knowledge and practical work. Through capping and sealing modification of pool of open sewage in an oil production plant of Zhongyuan oilfield company, volatile waste gases are recovered and treated, which can reduce the harm of waste gases to the environment. It will eliminate the hidden dangers and risks of environmental protection and improve the working environment of employees.

KEYWORDSsewage tank; waste gas recovery; VOCs treatment

ExperimentalStudyonDeterminationofEffectiveSulphurinSoilbyIonChromatography(49)

Cao Huajie

(EnvironmentalMonitoringTerminal,MonitoringTechnologyCenter,SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTIn this paper, according to the retention time of sulfate ions, the soil effective sulfur content can be quantitatively calculated by peak height or peak area, by potassium dihydrogen phosphate as extraction agent and ion chromatograph for separation and detection. The effective sulfur in acidic and neutral soil in a gas field is determined by ion chromatography, where the correlation coefficient of standard curve reach 0.999 at least. The relative standard deviations for repeated determination of the same sample for the three concentrations are 3.01%, 5.55%, and 5.25%, respectively. The recoveries of standard addition in soil samples are 88% and 90%, respectively. The relative standard deviation of soil standard sample was 5.56%. The precision and accuracy are better than NY/T 1121.14—2006 “SoilTestingPart14DeterminationofEffectiveSulfurinSoil” barium sulfate turbidimetric method, which solves the problems existing in the barium sulfate turbidimetric method, such as standard curve linearity, complex operation, and poor accuracy of the measurement results.

KEYWORDSion chromate graphy; acidic and neutral soils; effective sulfur; potassium dihydrogen phosphate

StudyonDeterminationandInvestigationofVolatileOrganicCompoundsinOilFields(54)

Gao Guangwei

(DepartmentofSafetyandEnvironmentalProtection,PetroChinaTianjinGasStorageCompany)

ABSTRACTThe control policy of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in China is summarized, and the technical scheme of leakage detection and repair (LDAR) project is put forward based on the field experience. Through the nine-step process of data collection, inculding scope audit, on-site inspection and marking, information collection, and establishment of database, the unorganized emission of pipelines and equipment VOCs can be controlled and reduced. The implementation of LDAR project can effectively reduce VOCs unorganized emissions and reduce air pollution, improve the level of enterprise safety production, increase the enterprise economic efficienc, and keep employees healthy.

KEYWORDSoil field; leakage; detection; volatile organic compounds; environment

EcologicalMonitoringandAnalysisofDevelopmentTrendinPuguangGasfield(57)

Xiong Juanjuan1Wang Xihui1Meng Chao1Zhang Yuhui2

(1.TechnicalMonitoringCenter,SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany; 2.DepartmentofSafetyandEnvironmentalProtection,SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTLeaves, grains and soil of typical plants and crops around Puguang gas field are monitored, and the biodiversity is also investigated. Compared with the monitoring results in 2016, in 2017, the pH value and chlorophyll content of the leaves of typical plants and crops increase slightly, while the sulfur content has a decreasing trend. In addition, the contents of starch, protein and fat in grains of crops show a decreasing trend. Moreover, the soil pH value, available sulfur and organic matter in the region have an upward trend. These indicate that the development of gas field and operation of purification plant have no adverse impact on local ecological environment.

KEYWORDSPuguang Gasfield; environmental monitoring; development trend

DiscussiononPreparingtheBrigadeCleanProductionIndex(60)

Zhang Jie

(PudongOilProductionPlant,SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTAt present, the oil and gas exploitation industry only has the professional clean production technical indicators for oil production, and its supporting auxiliary units have no indicators for the brigade, making it difficult to conduct clean production evaluation audits. In the view of three aspects that includes the use of resources and energy, pollution control, waste recycling and utilization, the group's clean production indicators are proposed by preparing the production data from 2015 to 2017. The above indicators were applied in the production in 2018, and the implementation effect is evaluated by comparing the production data before and after implementation.

KEYWORDSclean manufacturing; oil production plant; prepare the brigade; index

PracticeofGreenMineCreationinDagangOilfield(63)

Dong Qingmei1Wang Yunpeng2Yang Jianxin3

(1.FirstOilProductionPlant,PetroChinaDagangOilfieldCompany; 2.DepartmentofQuality,SafetyandEnvironmentalProtection,PetroChinaDagangOilfieldCompany; 3.FifthOilProductionPlant,PetroChinaDagangOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTDagang Oilfield Company takes the green mine as an opportunity to accelerate the change of the original traditional thinking and management mode, proposes to create a green ecological environment, a green production environment, a green living environment and a green cultural environment, and puts forward to organizational support, financial support, technical support and assessment support. By establishing a green mine enterprise that meets the requirements of the modern development situation, and effectively expand the new economic growth point of the oilfield, it will build this company into a green mine leading enterprise with Dagang characteristic brand.

KEYWORDSDagang Oilfield; green mine; environmental protection; oil and gas development

DiscussiononCreatingPracticeofGreenEnterpriseinZhongyuanOilfield(65)

Xiao Changjun1Liu Jingjing2

(1.DepartmentofSafetyandEnvironmentalProtection,SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany; 2.NaturalGasProductionandMarketingPlant,SinopecZhongyuanOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTZhongyuan oilfield company has always put the establishment of green oil and gas fields in the first place, actively practiced and explored, and finally the green enterprise establishment and management experiences for oil and gas fields are concluded. We will strengthen organization and leadership, and establish departmental linkage mechanism; explore management innovation, and build green enterprise management system; strengthen publicity and education, improve the environmental awareness of all staff; expand green science and technology, and promote green development. Zhongyuan oilfield company has enhanced the level of essential environmental protection greatly , and won the title of "green enterprise" of sinopec. Furthermore, our oilfield would adhere to the problem-oriented approach and focus on solving outstanding problems, including pollution prevention and control, legal compliance, and other aspects.

KEYWORDSZhongyuan Oilfield; green oil and gas fields; green business action; ecological civilization construction