威尼斯建筑大學(xué)

本諾·阿爾布雷希特

威尼斯建筑大學(xué)

本諾·阿爾布雷希特

威尼斯建筑大學(xué)是一所擁有卓越地理位置的獨(dú)特機(jī)構(gòu)，是一個(gè)以人與建筑環(huán)境“可持續(xù)”概念為背景、并可以有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行生動(dòng)建筑體驗(yàn)的地方。威尼斯大學(xué)成立于1926年，是以設(shè)計(jì)為主題的意大利頂尖建筑學(xué)院之一。這座位于市區(qū)的校園，其中有11座建筑位于世界上最具代表性的歷史名城之中。不同的建筑承載著大學(xué)的不同功能。

IUAV，威尼斯，設(shè)計(jì)，建筑，可持續(xù)，遺產(chǎn)

威尼斯建筑大學(xué)1，是一所獨(dú)特的大學(xué)，擁有獨(dú)一無(wú)二的位置——威尼斯絕妙的布景。威尼斯這座城市，能讓人全面感受建筑中的生存經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這也是探討人與建成環(huán)境間關(guān)系的“可持續(xù)”概念的背景。這是一處以威尼斯為主舞臺(tái)的市民建筑，來(lái)自于19世紀(jì)下半葉一群偉大思想家的貢獻(xiàn)。

威尼斯一直是許多知識(shí)分子渴求的向?qū)?，如馬塞爾·普魯斯特所說(shuō)：這就是我所夢(mèng)寐以求的，在我相信自己時(shí)日無(wú)多之時(shí)，出發(fā)前往威尼斯，希望在死亡前到達(dá)，觸摸、欣賞那些行將枯槁而依然聳立的玫瑰色宮殿上附身的魂靈，這是拉斯金關(guān)于中世紀(jì)居住建筑的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。重要的是，一位行將離開(kāi)人世之人的眼中所見(jiàn)的現(xiàn)實(shí)，都能夠在這樣一座如此獨(dú)特、錨固于時(shí)間、具象于空間的城市中找到，正如威尼斯……這是一種天賦的力量，讓我們憐愛(ài)一種事物之美，更甚于我們自身，這些事物在他人眼中就像自己一樣獨(dú)特而轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝2）。

我們的主要課堂就是這座城市和它的領(lǐng)域。威尼斯城的建立是人為干預(yù)的結(jié)果，他們刻意地、矛盾地想要在一塊罕見(jiàn)的、通常不適宜居住的領(lǐng)地上建造適宜的居住地。正如弗蘭切斯科·珊索維諾所說(shuō)的那樣，威尼斯“建立在不可能之上”，一片臨近大海的鹽水瀉湖區(qū)中隱現(xiàn)的沙洲。

1 多元化

威尼斯建筑大學(xué)是意大利最早的建筑學(xué)院之一，建立于1926年，是一座完全專(zhuān)注于設(shè)計(jì)的“專(zhuān)題”大學(xué)。這所大學(xué)致力于設(shè)計(jì)的教學(xué)、專(zhuān)業(yè)化和田野研究，包括建筑、城市、景觀(guān)、區(qū)域等生活空間和環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)，也包括日常物件、文化、劇場(chǎng)、多媒體活動(dòng)、時(shí)尚和平面設(shè)計(jì)。

大學(xué)中約有5000名學(xué)生。目前我們與130所歐洲院校建立了國(guó)際交換項(xiàng)目，以此促進(jìn)學(xué)生、研究者、教師的靈活流動(dòng)，致力于建立一個(gè)普世的歐洲公民身份，便于優(yōu)秀實(shí)踐及研究的交流共享。此外，威尼斯建筑大學(xué)已經(jīng)與非歐盟國(guó)家院校建立了緊密合作和交換關(guān)系，簽訂了逾60份協(xié)議，以提升學(xué)生的流動(dòng)性。在威尼斯建筑大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，就意味著在一個(gè)面向全世界敞開(kāi)的環(huán)境中生活。它意味著與建筑、區(qū)域規(guī)劃、藝術(shù)和設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域的權(quán)威聲音面對(duì)面：勒·柯布西耶、路易·康、弗蘭克·勞埃德·賴(lài)特、卡洛·斯卡帕、卡洛·艾莫尼諾、曼弗雷多·塔夫里、維多利奧·格里高蒂、吉諾·瓦萊、阿爾多·羅西、吉奧瓦尼·阿斯特尼奧、吉安卡羅·德卡羅、安藤忠雄、理查德·塞拉等，都曾在本校的歷史中出現(xiàn)。

2 功能性

威尼斯建筑大學(xué)位于市區(qū)，其11棟建筑都分布在這個(gè)全世界最具標(biāo)志性的歷史古城之中。我們?cè)谶@樣超群的城市環(huán)境和建筑中研讀建筑學(xué)。不同建筑承載著大學(xué)的不同功能。

原托倫蒂尼修道院，如今是校長(zhǎng)辦公室、主要的辦公空間以及中央圖書(shū)館。托倫蒂尼修道院的主體建筑由維琴佐·斯卡莫奇設(shè)計(jì)于16世紀(jì)，丹尼埃爾·卡拉比在1960年代進(jìn)行了修復(fù)。這座修道院因其獨(dú)特的建筑元素而聞名：拱廊圍繞的回廊院、三面皆為祈禱室的二層平面、回廊院邊緣的禮堂。三層平面包括較大的開(kāi)放空間，以及一條罕見(jiàn)的15世紀(jì)廊道空間——可能出自斯卡莫奇之手。修道院在1810年被拿破侖下令關(guān)閉，此后一直扮演著不同功能：19世紀(jì)為軍營(yíng)、一戰(zhàn)后為軍隊(duì)轄區(qū)、法西斯統(tǒng)治時(shí)期是沃爾皮伯爵的倉(cāng)庫(kù)。1952年，它曾作為波河流域下游洪水難民的避難所。建筑室內(nèi)的修復(fù)工作在1960年至1965年間進(jìn)行，由建筑師丹尼埃爾·卡拉比和圭多·巴奇領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。1985年，曾在1979年被贈(zèng)予我校的入口庭院，根據(jù)卡洛·斯卡帕的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了改造。改造設(shè)計(jì)由建筑師塞吉奧·洛斯主持，結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算由工程師卡洛·馬斯基耶多負(fù)責(zé)。這個(gè)入口如今是威尼斯建筑學(xué)院的主要標(biāo)志。在托倫蒂尼修道院中還坐落著著名的威尼斯建筑大學(xué)圖書(shū)館。這座圖書(shū)館擁有最重要、最豐富的館藏之一，包括逾27萬(wàn)冊(cè)建筑及城市設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域的書(shū)籍檔案，并且還在不斷增長(zhǎng)和更新。此外，意大利和國(guó)際文獻(xiàn)庫(kù)中包括逾1700份期刊。這座圖書(shū)館及其藏書(shū)是威尼斯建筑大學(xué)的教學(xué)及研究的根本源泉，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)國(guó)家性的資料館。圖書(shū)館建立于1926年，2005年其中加建了一處新閱覽室，用于專(zhuān)題及珍本館藏閱覽。

巴多爾宮包括博士研究院和塔夫里廳。巴多爾宮在歷史上屬于巴多爾家族的“圣喬凡尼·伊凡格力斯塔修道院”。1350年的一份文件賦予巴多爾家族唯一能夠埋葬圣喬凡尼·伊凡格力斯塔修道院僧眾的權(quán)力。在宮殿大廳下方依然存在一座墓穴，墓穴對(duì)于建筑平面產(chǎn)生了歷史影響，因此它采取了和常見(jiàn)的威尼斯宮殿都不同的“Z”字形平面。1712年對(duì)建筑進(jìn)行了改造，接著又改造過(guò)室內(nèi)。1974年，威尼斯建筑大學(xué)從納韋爾修女會(huì)的圣卡特琳娜修道院購(gòu)買(mǎi)了這座宮殿。1978年，改造和修復(fù)工作開(kāi)始，將宮殿改為博士研究院。威尼斯建筑大學(xué)博士研究院是一個(gè)國(guó)際性研究機(jī)構(gòu)，在長(zhǎng)期積累的研究基礎(chǔ)之上，對(duì)于意大利一些最古老、最著名的博士學(xué)位項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行了拓展和文化生產(chǎn)交互，從而提供一個(gè)深度學(xué)習(xí)和集體交流的開(kāi)放環(huán)境。這個(gè)學(xué)院的獨(dú)特之處在于將多學(xué)科的研究團(tuán)體集合在一起。學(xué)院中包括多樣化的博士項(xiàng)目，如建筑構(gòu)成、建筑與城市史、規(guī)劃、設(shè)計(jì)、藝術(shù)和城市設(shè)計(jì)。這些項(xiàng)目的共存，在這樣一個(gè)因其建筑、歷史、城市和藝術(shù)的交叉學(xué)科研究而國(guó)際聞名的學(xué)院內(nèi)，形成了十分獨(dú)特的教育環(huán)境。

Università Iuav di Venezia1）is a peculiar institution in a unique location, the fantastic setting of Venice. Venice as the place where it is possible to fully live the experience of architecture, the conceptual background of the "sustainable" conception of the relationship between man and the built environment. A civil architecture that has Venice as its main stage, thanks to the great thinkers of the second half of the nineteenth century.

Venice has been a precious guide for many intellectuals, Marcel Proust This was literally the case, and at a time when I believed my days to be numbered, as I left for Venice in order to be able before dying to approach, touch and see the incarnated in decaying but still-erect and rosy palaces, Ruskin's ideas on domestic architecture of the middle-ages. What importance, what reality in the eyes of one who must soon leave the earth, can be possessed by a city so special, so fixed in time, so specific in space as Venice (…) It is power of genius to make us love a beauty more real than ourselves in those things which in the eyes of other are as particular and perishable as ourselves2）.

Our main class is the city itself and its territory, Venice was founded by intervention of men who deliberately and paradoxically wanted to make habitable an uncommon site, usually not suitable for settlement. A city, as Francesco Sansovino defined it, "founded on the impossible", a brackish lagoon of emerging sandbanks close to the sea.

1 Diversification

One of the first Architecture Schools in Italy, established in 1926, the Università Iuav di Venezia is a 'themed' university totally focusing on design. It is a dedicated place for teaching, specialization and field research in design of living space and environments such as buildings, cities, landscapes, regions as well as design of every-day use objects, cultural, theatrical, multimedia events, fashion and graphics.

About 5,000 students attend this University. International Exchange Programs are currently being offered in cooperation with 130 European universities for the promotion of students', researchers' and faculty's mobility, with a view to developing a common European citizenship, exchange of good practices and sharing of researches. Furthermore, the Università Iuav di Venezia has also established cooperation and exchange relationships with non-EU institutions and universities with which has entered into over 60 agreements aiming at students' mobility. Studying at the Iuav means living in an environment that is open to what is happening throughout the world. It means coming face-to-face with authoritative voices in the fields of architecture, regional planning, arts and design: Le Corbusier, Louis Kahn, Frank Lloyd Wright, Carlo Scarpa, Carlo Aymonino, Manfredo Tafuri, Vittorio Gregotti, Gino Valle, Aldo Rossi, Giovanni Astengo, Giancarlo De Carlo, Tadao Ando and Richard Serra have all been part of our school's history.

2 Functionality

1 鳥(niǎo)瞰/Aerial view

2 總平面/Site plan

Università Iuav di Venezia is a urban campus, with 11 buildings inside the most iconic historic city in the world. We study architecture in this extraordinary context and in this extraordinary buildings. The different building host the different functions of the university.

“貢多利耶之家”也位于巴多爾宮中。它始建于16世紀(jì)，17世紀(jì)經(jīng)過(guò)修復(fù)，是著名的LAMA實(shí)驗(yàn)室（即古代材料分析實(shí)驗(yàn)室）的所在地，是建筑歷史系的一部分。

特戎宮是一座面朝大運(yùn)河的歷史建筑，擁有一座小巧的意大利花園。建筑源于哥特時(shí)期，建于15世紀(jì)末，在行政長(zhǎng)官安德烈·特戎的統(tǒng)治下得以繁榮。特戎不僅是一位受人尊敬的外交官和大使，還曾是威尼斯總督的候選人，建筑的兩座加建側(cè)翼便以他命名。19世紀(jì)后，隨著特戎家族的衰落，宮殿先后用于多種用途（包括當(dāng)?shù)亟逃?、司法拍賣(mài)機(jī)構(gòu)、公寓）。1972年，威尼斯建筑大學(xué)將其收購(gòu)，并由建筑師L·貝雷莫領(lǐng)導(dǎo)進(jìn)行了修復(fù)。其工作包括靜態(tài)加固、室內(nèi)空間重組、可用空間修復(fù)（例如一層）。一層和二層的兩個(gè)大廳提供了讓學(xué)生自由學(xué)習(xí)、畫(huà)圖和交流的寬敞空間，還包括兩個(gè)新加建的電腦教室。

科托尼菲奇奧宮，是建筑設(shè)計(jì)教室及工作室、項(xiàng)目歷史檔案館的所在地。建筑始建于1883年，一年后，在尤吉尼奧·康托尼男爵和卡洛·莫斯基尼騎士的促進(jìn)下，它成為一座紡織廠(chǎng)。1916年建筑毀于火災(zāi)，后來(lái)重建。紡織廠(chǎng)中雇傭了逾一千名工人，一直運(yùn)行到1960年。在30年的荒廢之后，它終于由威尼斯建筑師吉諾·瓦萊的工作室完成修繕。主體建筑如今包括了威尼斯建筑大學(xué)的絕大部分功能，包括講座室、建筑設(shè)計(jì)系和項(xiàng)目檔案館。展廳中陳列著檔案館的一個(gè)永久模型藏品庫(kù)，以及來(lái)自不同贊助方的臨時(shí)展覽。

項(xiàng)目檔案館位于安杰羅·馬西耶里基金會(huì)內(nèi)，成立于1987年，一直都積極參與研究、收集、整理和出版建筑檔案。它在20多年來(lái)不斷增加館藏，如今因其整理館藏的技術(shù)、尤其是這個(gè)類(lèi)型的檔案，在國(guó)際上頗具聲望。項(xiàng)目檔案館主要面向威尼斯建筑大學(xué)的學(xué)生和老師，不過(guò)也對(duì)外界的研究者、從業(yè)者、博物館及出版社開(kāi)放。

3 其他建筑

馬佳奇諾7號(hào)建筑，面向茱戴卡運(yùn)河，原本是一座港口倉(cāng)庫(kù)，最近它經(jīng)過(guò)修復(fù)后成為平面和多媒體設(shè)計(jì)、攝影、裝置設(shè)計(jì)和形體表現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)工作室的所在地。研究生的工作室同樣位于此。

3 外景/Exterior views

坎波德拉娜樓建于1940年代早期，業(yè)主是威尼斯省的健康服務(wù)辦公室，直到1997年前都由意大利國(guó)家健康服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)USSL使用。如今，它歸屬于威尼斯建筑大學(xué)，并被改造為行政和學(xué)生事務(wù)辦公室。

The former Tolentini monastry hosts the rector's office, the main administration offices and the central library. The Tolentini premises was designed by Vincenzo Scamozzi in the sixteenth century and restored by Daniele Calabi in the early 1960's. The convent is recognized for its particular architectural components: cloister with columned porch, a second floor with cells on three sides, and a meeting hall at the margin of the cloister. The second floor contains larger open spaces and a rare example of a 15th century walkway perhaps designed by Scamozzi. The convent was closed by Napoleon in 1810 and has since been used for various purposes: a military barracks during the 19th century, a military precinct after the WWI and a storage house for Count Volpi during the Fascist period. In 1952 it housed flood victims from the lower Po Valley. The restoration work on the complex's interior took place between 1960 and 1965 under the direction of architects Daniele Calabi and Guido Bacci. In 1985 the entrance way, acquired by gratuitous transfer in 1979, was transformed according to the project by Carlo Scarpa. The supervision of the work was led by architect Sergio Los and the structural calculation by engineer Carlo Maschietto. The entrance is Iuav's main icon. In Tolentini is located the famous Iuav Library. The library holds one of the most important and exhaustive collections, more then 270.000 volumes specialized in architecture and urban design, which is growing and being updated continuously. More than 1,700 periodicals make up the holdings of Italian and international literature. The library and its holdings are a fundamental resource for the teaching and research of the Università Iuav di Venezia and can be considered a national reference point. The Library was established in 1926 and in 2005 the Library acquired a new reading room for special and ancient collections.

4 外景/Exterior views

5 中庭/Atrium

6 二層平面/1st floor plan

7 首層平面/Ground floor plan

Palazzo Badoer is the seat of the School of Doctorate Studies and of the Tafuri hall. Palazzo Badoer is historically tied to the "house of the priorate of San Giovanni Evangelista" which belonged to the Badoer family. A document from 1350 granted the Badoer family the exclusive right to bury the brothers of the School of S. Giovanni Evangelista. There still exists a cemetery under the large hall of the palace and its presence had specific historical implications on the building's design plan, which takes the form of a "Z" and is different from the usual Venetian palace. Subsequent interventions to the building took place in 1712, and were then followed by interventions to the interior of the building. In 1974 Iuav purchased the palace from the Institute of Santa Caterina, sisters of Nevers. In 1978 restoration and maintenance work was begun for the conversion of the palace into the seat of the School of Doctorate Studies. The Iuav School of Doctorate Studies is an international research institution that, drawing upon a wealth of studies accumulated over time, broadens the potential and circulates the cultural production of some of the oldest and most prestigious doctoral programmes in Italy, offering an open environment for indepth study and collective exchange. The School's distinctiveness lies in clustering together research bodies working on issues of multidisciplinary concern. The School is the dynamic home to doctoral programs in architectural composition, in the history of architecture and the city, in planning, in design, in the arts and in urban design, whose combined presence fosters a very special educational environment inside a university that is internationally recognized for its interdisciplinary work in architecture, history, the city and the arts.

The "casa del Gondolier" is located in Palazzo Badoer. Its origins date to the 16thcentury with subsequent restoration occurring in the 17th century, and seat of the famous LAMA - laboratory for the analysis of antique materials of the department of history of architecture.

Ca' Tron is a historical building facing the Grand Canal and boasting a small Italian garden. The building, whose origins date to the gothic period, was built at the end of the 15th century and greatly flourished under the procurator Andrea Tron, a highly esteemed diplomat and ambassador, as well as a candidate for doge and after whom two of the building's added wings are named. From the 1800s, after the decline of the Tron family, the palace was used for various purposes (local educational superintendency, institute for judicial auctions, an apartment complex). In 1972 it was purchased by the Iuav and restored under the guidance of architect L. Bellemo. The work done to the building included static reinforcement, interior spatial rearrangement, and the restoration and renovation of usable space (eg. the ground floor). Two large halls on the ground and first floors offer ample space in which students can freely study, draw, and converse, as well as two newly added computer rooms.

8 靈活的公共空間/Flexible public spaces

10 教室/Lecture room

這座新址中包括威尼斯建筑大學(xué)的4個(gè)行政部門(mén)：人事部門(mén)、學(xué)生服務(wù)、財(cái)務(wù)服務(wù)、綜合及租房服務(wù)。

修復(fù)工作于2001年11月開(kāi)始， 2004年底完成。項(xiàng)目是由維多利奧·格里高蒂事務(wù)所主持的。

馬西耶里基金會(huì)也是校園的一部分。馬西耶里基金會(huì)在很多方面都凝聚著這座城市歷史上組織文化活動(dòng)時(shí)遭遇的困難。安杰羅·馬西耶里是來(lái)自烏迪內(nèi)的一位前途似錦的建筑師，但1952年在美國(guó)與弗蘭克·勞埃德·賴(lài)特工作時(shí)意外逝世。因此，賴(lài)特原本要為馬西耶里和他的新任妻子設(shè)計(jì)的位于沃爾特運(yùn)河的一座住宅，受馬西耶里家族所托，改為“馬西耶里紀(jì)念宮”，將為建筑學(xué)的學(xué)者和學(xué)生所服務(wù)。由于沒(méi)有獲得必要的許可，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目未能實(shí)現(xiàn)。1968年，威尼斯建筑大學(xué)的建筑師卡洛·斯卡帕重啟了這一項(xiàng)目，雖然歷經(jīng)反對(duì)和困難，但項(xiàng)目還是在1973年得到許可。這座宮殿如今主要接納來(lái)到大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的外國(guó)學(xué)者。

特雷薩宮是藝術(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院的主場(chǎng)址。建筑建于17世紀(jì)中葉，原本是一座修道院，前幾年經(jīng)過(guò)修復(fù)。特雷薩宮中的設(shè)施主要為藝術(shù)與工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院使用，包括教室、計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)施、自習(xí)區(qū)和研討室。戲劇工作坊則位于原修道院的教堂內(nèi)。實(shí)驗(yàn)室系統(tǒng)可供多種學(xué)位項(xiàng)目的教育活動(dòng)使用，也包括本科生、碩士和博士論文所需的專(zhuān)題深度研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)室中配備了專(zhuān)業(yè)人員和最先進(jìn)的設(shè)備。他們從事研究的領(lǐng)域包括攝影、展示、調(diào)研、地形學(xué)、制圖學(xué)、地理信息系統(tǒng)、巖石學(xué)、建筑材料分析、建筑技術(shù)、地球科學(xué)、地球物理、建筑科學(xué)、建造方法和環(huán)境工程物理。

4 學(xué)生反饋

它一直被公認(rèn)為意大利最美的、最受歡迎的建筑類(lèi)大學(xué)，也是全球最美的大學(xué)之一。

斯卡帕設(shè)計(jì)的校門(mén)是威尼斯建筑師最重要的作品之一，世界各地的學(xué)生都來(lái)此參觀(guān)，經(jīng)?？梢钥吹酱髮W(xué)生團(tuán)體長(zhǎng)時(shí)間停留在這個(gè)區(qū)域，速寫(xiě)和分析這個(gè)作品。本地和世界各地學(xué)生的持續(xù)共存，使這個(gè)空間成為一個(gè)有趣的會(huì)面地點(diǎn)和文化交流區(qū)。

5 擴(kuò)建計(jì)劃

在不遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)，卡洛·斯卡帕所修復(fù)的圣塞巴斯蒂亞諾宮也將成為威尼斯建筑大學(xué)的一部分。圣塞巴斯蒂亞諾宮入口處的大花園，原屬于相鄰的同名教堂的回廊院。這片綠化占地面積1800m2，提供了十分獨(dú)特的景觀(guān)：一側(cè)是幾百年的老樹(shù)，樹(shù)梢長(zhǎng)至古老修道院的哥特尖頂；另一側(cè)則是一個(gè)大理石基座上的現(xiàn)代木制雕塑，上端直抵科隆教室的窗外。在春季和夏季，這里的花朵和季節(jié)色彩創(chuàng)造了音樂(lè)會(huì)的自然布景，無(wú)論在白天還是威尼斯獨(dú)特的夜晚都不停歇。

The Cotonificio seat of the classrooms for architectural design and studios for architecture, and the historical archive of projects. The building was inaugurated in 1883 and in the following year it became a functioning cotton mill thanks to the initiatives of Baron Eugenio Cantoni and Knight Carlo Moschini. In 1916 it was destroyed by a fire and then subsequently rebuilt. Over one thousand workers were employed at the mill and it remained open until 1960. Abandoned there after for some thirty years, it was eventually restored by the Venetian architectural studio Gino Valle. The main building today hosts a considerable part of the University of Architecture, to include lecture halls, the department of architectural design, and the projects archives. The exhibition hall houses a permanent model collection belonging to the archive, as well as temporary exhibitions from diverse sponsors.

11 展覽及評(píng)圖空間/Exhibition and review spaces

12 展覽及評(píng)圖空間/Exhibition and review spaces

13 圖書(shū)館/Library

14 圖書(shū)館走廊/Corridor of library

這樣一個(gè)令人動(dòng)容的布景，恰恰符合威尼斯建筑大學(xué)的辦學(xué)宗旨。

正如約翰·拉斯金所寫(xiě)的：“5月6日，威尼斯。感謝上帝，我終于來(lái)到這里！這是城市的天堂，這里的月光，足以幫助地球上一半的瘋子恢復(fù)清醒的神智，純潔的月光灑在窗前灰色的運(yùn)河上，我比過(guò)去5年中的任何時(shí)候都要幸?！绱诵腋！蛟S在我未來(lái)的人生中都不再可能如此幸福。當(dāng)我踏足于圣馬可廣場(chǎng)的鋪地，我感覺(jué)自己煥然一新。圣馬可的輪廓令我激動(dòng)萬(wàn)分，仿佛少女的手指在其上輕輕拂過(guò)。威尼斯和夏慕尼是我在世間最向往的目的地；或許還有其他的地方，但那些都已成痛苦。感謝上帝讓我來(lái)到了這里！ ”3）□（黃華青 譯）

The project archives was founded within the Fondazione Angelo Masieri in 1987 and has been actively engaged in researching, acquiring, organising and publishing architecture archives ever since. It has increased its collections constantly for more than twenty years and has become an international reference point on the techniques for organising and, especially, for describing this sort of archives. The project archives is directed primarily at Iuav students and professors, but also serves outside researchers, professionals, museums and publishing houses.

3 Other Buildings

The Magazzino 7, in front of the canal of Giudecca, originally a port warehouse, it has recently been restored to house studios and workshops for courses in graphic and multimedia design, photography, set-design and body expression. Work studios for graduate students are also located here.

The Campo della Lana building was built in the early 1940s by the Province of Venice as health service offices and was used until 1997 by the Italian national health service USSL. Today it belongs to the University Iuav and has been transformed into offices for the administration and student secretariat.

The new site will house the four Iuav administrative departments: personnel, student services, financial services, and general and real estate services.

Restoration work began in November 2001 and completion is planned for the end of 2004. The project is headed by architectural studio Vittorio Gregotti & Associates.

Masieri foundation is also a part of the university campus. The Masieri Foundation is symbolic, in many ways, of the difficulties faced over the course of the city's history in trying to launch cultural events. Angelo Masieri, a promising architect from Udine, died tragically in 1952 while working in the United States with Frank Lloyd Wright. Hence, Wright's project at the time of designing a house in Volta del Canal for Masieri and his new wife was transformed – by the request of the Masieri family – into the "Masieri Memorial", a foundation/lodge for scholars and students of architecture. Lacking the necessary permits, the project was never realized. In 1968, the Iuav architect Carlo Scarpa resumed the project which, notwithstanding opposition and difficulties, was approved only in 1973. The palace is now ready to accommodate the numerous foreign delegations that ] come to study at our university.

The Terese is the main premises of the faculty of arts and design. Previously a convent, it was built in the mid-17th century and restored a few years ago. The facilities at the Terese include the department for arts and industrial design, classrooms, computer facilities, study areas and seminar rooms. The theatre workshop is housed in the convent's church. The system of laboratories supports the educational activities of the various degree programmes as well as the more in-depth analysis of specific topics for undergraduate and master theses and PhD dissertations. The labs are expertly staffed and outfitted with the latest equipment. They do research and other work in the fields of photography, representation, surveying, topography, cartography, geographic information systems, petrography, building materials analyses, technology, earth sciences, geophysics, building sciences, building techniques, and environmental engineering physics.

4 Feedback

Excellent and recognized as the most beautiful and welcoming university of architecture in Italy and one of the most beautiful in the world.

The Scarpa gate is recognized as one of the most important designs of the venetian architect and students from all over the world come to visit it, it is common to see group of universities that remain in the area for a long period sketching and analysing the work. This continuous presence of local and global students allows the space to become an interesting meeting point and an area of cultural exchange.

5 Expansion

In the near future also the San Sebastiano complex restored by Carlo Scarpa will be part of the Iuav campus. The large garden beyond the entrance of the San Sebastiano complex was once part of the cloister of the homonymous church next door. Covering a surface area of approximately 1800 m2, this green space offers singular views: on one side a centuries-old tree reaches toward the Gothic part of the old monastery, on the other a modern wood sculpture set on a marble platform rises up in front of the Aula Colonne. In the spring and summer, flowers and seasonal colors create a natural setting for musical concerts not only by day but also in the Venetian evenings.

Such an evocative setting is perfect for Iuav's topics.

As John Ruskin wrote: "May 6 VENICE. Thank God I am here! It is the Paradise of cities and there is a moon enough to make half the sanities of earth lunatic, striking its pure flashes of light against the grey water before the window; and I am happier than I have been these five years – so happy – happier than in all probability I ever shall be again in my life, I feel fresh and young when my foot is on these pavements, and the outlines of St Mark's thrill me as if they had been traced by Adèle's hand. This and Chamouni are my two bournes of earth; there might have been another, but that has become all pain. Thank God I am here!"3）□

注釋/Notes

1）本文部分文字來(lái)自于威尼斯建筑大學(xué)官方文件/Most of the text in this article is taken from the official texts presenting Università Iuav di Venezia.

2）Marcel Proust, introduction to: John Ruskin The Bible of Amiens, Societe du Mercure de France, Paris, 1904.

3）John Ruskin, The Complete Works of John Ruskin, Reuwee, Wattley & Walsh, London, 1891: 296.

Università Iuav di Venezia

Benno Albrecht

Università Iuav di Venezia is a peculiar institution in the unique location of Venice. Venice as the place where it is possible to fully live the experience of architecture, the conceptual background of the "sustainable" conception of the relationship between man and the built environment. One of the first Architecture Schools in Italy, established in 1926, the Università Iuav di Venezia is a 'themed' university totally focusing on design. Università Iuav di Venezia is a urban campus, with 11 buildings inside the most iconic historic city in the world. The different building host the different functions of the university.

IUAV, Venice, design, architecture, sustainability, heritage

作者介紹：威尼斯建筑大學(xué)博士研究生院院長(zhǎng)

2017-06-20