趙 陽
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不同治療方式對晚期喉癌的療效及預(yù)后相關(guān)因素研究
趙 陽
目的 比較不同治療方式對晚期喉癌患者的治療效果及分析預(yù)后相關(guān)因素,探討出有效的治療方法和預(yù)后措施。方法 選取60例晚期喉癌患者,以隨機試驗原則分為2組,A組采用部分切除癌變部位,B組采用全部切除癌變部位,即部分切除組(32例)和全部切除組(28例)。2組患者術(shù)后均定時隨訪36個月以上,3例失聯(lián),隨訪率95%,對比2組患者的恢復水平及生存情況,分析治療效果。結(jié)果 生存率對比:部分切除組1年生存率為68.75%(22/32),3年生存率為56.25%(18/32);全部切除組1年生存率為64.28%(18/28),3年生存率率為53.57%(15/28)。同期生存率兩兩相比,差異均無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05)。治療后早期生活質(zhì)量對比:部分切除組軀體功能、心理健康、社會功能評分分別為(80.59±5.88)、(79.19±4.12)、(82.95±5.91),全部切除組軀體功能、心理健康、社會功能評分分別為(71.57±4.38)、(74.64±5.09)、(75.61±4.53),兩兩相比,差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05)。單因素結(jié)果分析顯示,性別、年齡、淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移情況、是否采用放射治療是影響晚期喉癌患者預(yù)后的主要相關(guān)因素。結(jié)論 對晚期同程度喉癌患者,部分切除手術(shù)較全部切除手術(shù)的生存率略高,患者治療后早期生活質(zhì)量也顯著好于全部切除組患者。性別、年齡、淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移情況、是否采用放射治療是影響晚期喉癌患者預(yù)后的主要相關(guān)因素。
晚期喉癌;部分切除;全部切除;預(yù)后因素
(ThePracticalJournalofCancer,2017,32:1264~1266)
喉癌是近幾年來較為常見的頭頸部惡性腫瘤,發(fā)病群體大多為中老年人,發(fā)病率逐年呈遞增趨勢[1-3]。傳統(tǒng)治療喉癌的方法是進行喉全切,但該法術(shù)后給患者帶來極大的不便和痛苦[4-6]。隨著醫(yī)學技術(shù)的發(fā)展,部分切除手術(shù)在臨床上的應(yīng)用也越來越廣泛。本實驗就通過對病例的臨床分析,探討不同方式對晚期喉癌的治療效果及分析預(yù)后因素的影響,現(xiàn)將結(jié)果報告如下。
1.1 一般資料
選取我院自2011年2月至2013年7月入院的60例晚期喉癌患者,以隨機實驗原則分為部分切除組(32例)和全部切除組(28例)。部分切除組男性17例,平均年齡(53.52±3.98)歲,病程(22.69±3.68)月;女性15例,平均年齡(54.67±2.26)歲,病程(23.67±3.54)月。全部切除組男性13例,平均年齡(52.98±3.42)歲,病程(22.34±3.59)月;女性15例,平均年齡(53.47±2.49)歲,病程(24.58±3.16)月。2組患者基本資料差異無統(tǒng)計學意義。
1.2 手術(shù)方法
部分切除組采用喉水平垂直部分切除,它是一種擴大的喉水平次全切除術(shù),又稱喉3/4切除術(shù),主要適于聲門上癌,喉3/4切除后一期利用附近組織進行修復,可保留喉的部分或全部生理功能[5-8]。全部切除組采用全部喉切除術(shù),它是一種對喉部切口后將整個組織機構(gòu)切除的手術(shù)[9-10]。
1.3 評價方法
術(shù)后對患者的生活質(zhì)量進行評價,主要包括軀體功能、心理健康、社會功能3個方面。
1.4 隨訪方法
2組患者術(shù)后均定時隨訪36個月,方式為電話訪問或面談。
1.5 統(tǒng)計學方法
采用SPSS 20.0統(tǒng)計軟件進行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計量資料用均數(shù)±標準差來表示。組內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)用t檢驗,組間對比應(yīng)用one-way anova分析,若方差不符合比較要求則用組組對比比較。計數(shù)資料采用χ2檢驗。P>0.05為差異無統(tǒng)計學意義。
2.1 部分切除組和全部切除組術(shù)后生存率對比
部分切除組1年期生存22例,生存率為68.75%;3年期生存18例,生存率為56.25%。全部切除組1年期生存18例,生存率為64.28%;3年期生存15例,生存率率為53.57%。2組1、3年生存率兩兩相比,差異均無統(tǒng)計學意義(χ2=3.269,P=0.081;χ2=3.364,P=0.073)。
2.2 部分切除組和全部切除組生活質(zhì)量比較
術(shù)后早期生活質(zhì)量對比:部分切除組軀體功能、心理健康、社會功能評分分別為(80.59±5.88)、(79.19±4.12)、(82.95±5.91),全部切除組軀體功能、心理健康、社會功能評分分別為(71.57±4.38)、(74.64±5.09)、(75.61±4.53)。兩兩相比,差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義,見表1。
表1 部分切除組和全部切除組生活質(zhì)量比較分)
2.3 影響預(yù)后的主要相關(guān)因素
單因素結(jié)果分析顯示,性別、年齡、淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移情況、是否采用放射治療是影響預(yù)后的主要相關(guān)因素。見表2。
表2 影響預(yù)后的主要相關(guān)因素分析
晚期喉癌的治療方式目前在臨床上多用外科手術(shù)的方式,全喉切除手術(shù)應(yīng)用的尤為廣泛和成熟。隨著患者要求和醫(yī)療水平的不斷發(fā)展,部分切除手術(shù)能夠彌補全切所帶來的身心痛苦,進而使患者在術(shù)后享有更好的生活質(zhì)量[11-14]。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,部分切除患者和全部切除患者在1年和3年的生存率上,前者略高于后者,但由于全部切除術(shù)給患者帶來巨大的心理和生理壓力,其生活質(zhì)量遠低于部分切除患者。在預(yù)后因素方面,女性的預(yù)后好于男性;年齡越大,預(yù)后越差;發(fā)生淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移則會影響轉(zhuǎn)移部位的組織,影響預(yù)后效果;放射治療可能會對器官造成一定程度的損傷,也會影響預(yù)后效果。
綜上所述,對晚期同程度喉癌患者,部分切除手術(shù)較全部切除手術(shù)的生存率略高,患者治療后早期生活質(zhì)量也顯著高于后者。性別、年齡、淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移情況、是否采用放射治療是影響預(yù)后的主要相關(guān)因素。
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(編輯:甘 艷)
Efficacy and Prognostic Factors of Different Treatment of Advanced Laryngeal Cancer
ZHAO Yang.
Central Hospital of Xuzhou,Xuzhou,221009
Objective To study the efficacy and prognostic factors of different treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer.Methods 60 patients with advanced laryngeal cancer patients were randomly divided into group A and group B,group A
partial cancerous site,group B received total removal of cancerous portions,the partial resection group(32 cases) and the total removal of the group(28 cases).The postoperative follow-up of 32 months were timed over 3 cases lost to follow-up rate of 95%,the level of recovery and survival compared the 2 groups of patients,analysis of treatment effect.Results The statistical comparison data after treatment,survival rate:1-year survival partial resection in 22 cases,survival rate was 68.75%,3-year survival was 18 cases,the survival rate was 56.25%;total removal 1-year survival was 18 cases,survival rate was 64.28%,3-year survival was 15 cases,the survival rate was 53.57%,over the same period survival,the difference was not statistically significant;the quality of life after treatment early contrast:partial resection group physical function,mental health,social functioning scores were 80.59±5.88,79.19±4.12,82.95±5.91,total removal of group physical function,mental health,social functioning scores were 71.57±4.38,74.64±5.09,75.61±4.53,pairwise p value less than 0.05,the difference was statistically significant;3,univariate analysis showed,sex,age,lymph node metastasis,whether radiation therapy were the main factors affecting prognosis.Conclusion For advanced laryngeal patients,partial resection compared with resection of all slightly higher survival rate after treatment of early patient quality of life is significantly higher than the latter,sex,age,lymph node metastasis,radiation therapy are the main prognostic factors.
Advanced laryngeal cancer;Partial hepatectomy;Total removal;Prognostic factors
221009 江蘇省徐州市中心醫(yī)院
10.3969/j.issn.1001-5930.2017.08.013
R739.65
A
1001-5930(2017)08-1264-03
2016-07-21
2017-06-12)