申請信的寫作

張海濤

[文體概述]

申請信是寫信人就自己的某一意向向收信人提出請求的信件，類別有求職申請信、加入某組織的申請信、報(bào)考申請信、留學(xué)申請信等。它的語言屬于正式用語，用詞要簡潔、準(zhǔn)確，語氣要禮貌、誠懇、自信，所給信息要具有可信度。人稱為第一人稱，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時。

[文章架構(gòu)]

一般常用三段式謀篇布局：首段主要說明從哪里得到相關(guān)信息，點(diǎn)明寫信的目的；主體段自我介紹，主要是推銷自己，表達(dá)自己對某職位或某一活動的興趣，介紹自己與之相關(guān)的最突出的能力和條件；末段表示感謝，期待對方優(yōu)先考慮自己的申請。

[遣詞造句]

1. 常用詞匯

（1）話題詞匯

掌握與申請信相關(guān)的詞匯是信件成功的基礎(chǔ)。如：advertisement，position，concern，further，diploma，improve，various，opportunity，grateful/thankful/appreciative，applicant，application，apply for，admission，certificate，meet the requirement，major in，graduate from，be good at/do well in/be experienced in，have a good knowledge/command/understanding/grasp of，look forward to。

（2）銜接詞匯

和其他書面表達(dá)一樣，書信也需要“起”“轉(zhuǎn)”“承”“合”的詞匯來實(shí)現(xiàn)銜接。

表示因果：therefore，so，as a result，as the result of，because of，due to，owing to，thanks to等。

表示承接：not only ... but （also），whats more，besides，in addition，additionally，furthermore，moreover，especially，particularly，obviously，as well as等。

2. 常用句式

（1）引出話題常用語

說明信息來源：through/in todays newspaper， I noticed your advertisement for ...

I have learned that you are hiring ... from the magazine.

It has come to my attention that the position of ... is now open/vacant.

Having known that your office needs a ... I would like to apply for the post.

表達(dá)寫信目的：I am writing to apply for the vacancy/post/position of ...

I would like to be considered as candidate for the job/ position/post ...

I am writing in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to further my study in ...

I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for ...

（2）主體段常用句式：自我推銷

I feel I am qualified to ... for the following reasons.

Having the experience of ...， I obviously have the ability you are looking for ...

Im good at .../I do well in .../I master ... well

Not only do I have a good understanding of ... but also I am well equipped with ...

Approachable and helpful， I am ...

I have much relevant experience in ...

（3）末段常用句式：表達(dá)愿望、感謝、決心

I would appreciate it very much if you could consider my application.

I would be grateful if you could offer me a precious opportunity to an interview.

Giving me a chance， youll never regret having made the decision.

Once Im hired， Ill devote myself to ...

I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.

[范例指導(dǎo)]

假定你是李華，將于今年七月大學(xué)畢業(yè)。你從報(bào)紙上得知B&B公司要招聘一名英文秘書，你很感興趣。請給該公司寫一封求職信，包括下列要點(diǎn)：年齡；學(xué)習(xí)情況和英文水平；興趣特長；性格特點(diǎn)。

注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3. 開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入詞數(shù)。

試題分析 本篇書面表達(dá)屬于英文書信，根據(jù)提示可知需要寫一封求職申請。寫作時注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1. 仔細(xì)閱讀招聘啟事，弄清招募職位所有信息和要求。

2. 根據(jù)寫作要點(diǎn)從三個方面（a.表示寫信意圖； b.陳述應(yīng)征目的；c.說明應(yīng)征條件）寫應(yīng)征郵件。

3. 可以按照所給要點(diǎn)的順序?qū)憽?/p>

4. 根據(jù)要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容確定句子的時態(tài)、語態(tài)。本文應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。

5. 注意使用高級詞匯和句式，以增加文章的亮點(diǎn)。

結(jié)構(gòu)：寫作之前，一定要列好寫作提綱，逐段攻破。

第一段：說明信息來源及本人的愿望；

第二段：進(jìn)行自我推銷，注意包含全部要點(diǎn)。

此處如果僅僅翻譯出基本信息，內(nèi)容似乎還不夠，所有我們必須圍繞中心，適當(dāng)拓展。

第三段：表達(dá)期待和感謝。

[作文成篇]

Dear Sir or Madam，

Having known that your office needs an English secretary from the newspaper， I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the post.

Im 20 years old and will graduate from college this July. Young as Im， I am an excellent student， among the top 5 in my class. I have a good command of English， which enables me to communicate with foreigners easily. Besides， not only am I experienced in computer operation but also I have a preference for reading， so I am equipped with the ability you are looking for. More importantly， approachable and outgoing， Im easy to get along with and like to make friends. So， undoubtedly， Im equal to the job.

Id appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. Looking forward to your reply.

Sincerely yours，

Li Hua

點(diǎn)評 按照高考英語作文的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，本篇作文是一篇五檔習(xí)作。本篇作文主要有如下亮點(diǎn)：

1. 完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)，覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容，即試題中呈現(xiàn)的要點(diǎn)。

2. 本文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，層次分明，而且使用了多種句式和結(jié)構(gòu)。比如開篇就運(yùn)用了分詞作狀語Having known that your office needs an English secretary from the newspaper， I am writing this letter to ...，運(yùn)用了as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的倒裝句型Young as Im， I am an excellent student， among the top 5 in my class，以及定語從句I have a good command of English， which enables me to communicate with foreigners easily，還使用了not only ... but also ... 和形容詞作狀語approachable and outgoing， Im easy to get along with and like to make friends，可謂句式多變。

3. 文章還使用了大量短語，如apply for the position，get along with，have a good command of，be experience in，be equal to，be equipped with，have a preference for等。

4. 承接詞的應(yīng)用，如besides， more importantly等也使得使文章更有層次感，語言更加連貫。