陶朱隱園：吸碳的綠色塔樓，臺北，中國

建筑設(shè)計：文森特·卡勒博建筑設(shè)計事務(wù)所

Architect: Vincent Callebaut Architectures

陶朱隱園：吸碳的綠色塔樓，臺北，中國

Tao-Zhu-Yin-Yuan: A Carbon-Absorbing Green Tower, Taipei, China

建筑設(shè)計：文森特·卡勒博建筑設(shè)計事務(wù)所

Architect: Vincent Callebaut Architectures

1 建成效果/Rendering of completion

在2010年11月，位于巴黎的文森特·卡勒博建筑設(shè)計事務(wù)所在臺北建造可持續(xù)住宅樓的項目中中標(biāo)。該項目目前正在施工，預(yù)計于2017年9月竣工。陶朱隱園可持續(xù)大樓預(yù)計將在地面和露臺種植23,000棵樹，每年可以吸收130t CO2。

該項目地處臺北中心區(qū)新津區(qū)優(yōu)越地帶，山河環(huán)繞，毗鄰臺北101大樓和孫中山紀(jì)念堂。從臺北101大樓的頂層看去，陶朱隱園項目好似一個獨(dú)特的生態(tài)地標(biāo)，是城市可持續(xù)性及回歸自然的新象征。從松高路看去，建筑體和諧呈現(xiàn)出張敬禮關(guān)于建筑和結(jié)構(gòu)的概念。居住在周邊4個街區(qū)的居民說，這座大樓有4種各不相同且令人驚訝的形態(tài)：V形、X形、橢圓形和錐形。

該項目就可持續(xù)住宅的生態(tài)建設(shè)提出了一個開拓性的概念：通過探索人與自然之間恰當(dāng)?shù)墓采P(guān)系，來限定其居民的生態(tài)足跡（生態(tài)占用）。在這塊可持續(xù)的居住用地上，建立一個真正低能耗的垂直景觀帶。

設(shè)計的主旨是：“城市要像一個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，市中心好似森林，高塔好似可以棲居的樹。”在身披綠植且形態(tài)感和視覺沖擊力兼具之外，該項目標(biāo)志著在城市中心真正建立一個召喚動植物回歸的生態(tài)體系，并形成一個亞熱帶生物多樣化的新巢。

這個20層的雙螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)的居住區(qū)自下而上有90o的伸展扭轉(zhuǎn)，簡潔又標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的雙螺旋形居住層垂直疊加，層與層間順次旋轉(zhuǎn)4.5o，多種視覺形態(tài)通過凹凸面的變化呈現(xiàn)出來。這種扭轉(zhuǎn)是對4個主要目標(biāo)的回應(yīng)：

（1）整合了建筑體的南、北錐體區(qū)域并尊重城市特性。

2-5 建設(shè)中/Under construction

In November 2010, my company 'Vincent Callebaut Architectures' based in Paris was awarded the winning tender for the construction of a new sustainable residential tower located in Taipei. This project is currently under construction and is expected to be completed in September 2017. The Tao Zhu Yin Yuan sustainable tower will carry 23,000 trees planted on the ground and balconies, which can absorb 130t of CO2annually.

The Tao-Zhu-Yin-Yuan project benefits from an exceptional location in the Xinjin District, at the heart of Taipei City, between the mountains and the river, close to the Taipei 101 Tower and the Sun Yatsen Memorial Hall. From the top of Taipei 101 Tower, the project seems to be a unique ecological landmark, new symbol of sustainability and reintegration of the Nature in the City. Another view from the main Song Gao Road shows the harmony between the architectural and the structural concepts developed by King-Le Chang. According to the point of view of the pedestrian from the 4 surrounding streets, the tower changes of face and proposes 4 amazing profiles: Te 'V' profile, the 'X' cross profile, the elliptical profile, and the pyramidal profile.

The tower presents a pioneering concept of sustainable residential eco-construction that aims at limiting the ecological footprint of its inhabitants by researching the right symbiosis between the human being and the Nature. On this last and biggest parcel of land for residential use, the concept is thus to build a true fragmentation of vertical landscape with low energetic consumption.

6.7 建造示意/Diagrams for construction

（2）將露天空中花園的面積最大化（不計入容積率）。這樣一來，露臺的種植面積將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過要求的10%。

（3）為所有居民提供獨(dú)特的臺北天際線全景，尤其是朝向臺北101塔和中心商業(yè)區(qū)的觀景條件。

（4）利用漸進(jìn)式的幾何形體形成多變的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層，通過繁茂的綠植和視覺遮擋來保證每個公寓單元的隱私。

該項目是融合氣候、景觀和建筑的生態(tài)設(shè)計范例。日照、熱氣流和風(fēng)力分析使生物氣候設(shè)計的改善成為可能。與此同時，它不但是整合了生物氣候體系的一種生態(tài)構(gòu)想（例如，自然采光以及置于核心區(qū)和地下室的通風(fēng)設(shè)備、雨水及灰水循環(huán)、低輻射玻璃、雙層幕墻中的風(fēng)煙囪），同時也體現(xiàn)了可再生能源的利用（例如，巨大的光電太陽能屋頂、自動化節(jié)能和使用節(jié)能型再生能源驅(qū)動電梯）。

舊金山市的SWA事務(wù)所為該項目進(jìn)行了景觀設(shè)計，通過景觀和露臺間的連續(xù)體強(qiáng)化了建筑螺旋運(yùn)動的軌跡，底層花園和環(huán)形的抗震縫環(huán)繞著整個地下室。借助中軸核心區(qū)的縱向流線，同一樓層完全被分隔成兩個居住單元。中軸是固定的，不發(fā)生扭轉(zhuǎn)。但為了確保層與層之間的順次旋轉(zhuǎn)，中軸外環(huán)繞的水平流線（自然光照明且通風(fēng)），引導(dǎo)人們進(jìn)入大廳及各個單元。這個緩沖帶使每個公寓的主入口都永遠(yuǎn)朝向中心軸的設(shè)定成為可能，從而抵消了每層4.5o的偏移。

設(shè)計過程中，最大的挑戰(zhàn)是和結(jié)構(gòu)、水暖電、抗震、室內(nèi)設(shè)計以及景觀小組一起，就最初雙螺旋形的概念進(jìn)行深化。

客戶的需求是要設(shè)置兩個大體量的居住單元，每個單元550m2，在豎直方向上具有完全自由的流線，且每個住戶都擁有極具靈活性的室內(nèi)布局。對此，我們設(shè)計了兩種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層平面：在偶數(shù)層沿著縱立面使用空腹架系統(tǒng)，在奇數(shù)層不使用空腹架系統(tǒng)。從橫剖面看，一體化的種植池設(shè)置在奇數(shù)層和偶數(shù)層形成的躍層空間內(nèi)，最大化地連通室內(nèi)外，朝向天際。位于樓層兩側(cè)盡端的巨柱，因安置包裹著歪斜管道的豎井而增大了一倍柱徑。這些豎井被設(shè)計成順應(yīng)塔高且連綿不斷的垂直綠化墻。景觀設(shè)計師為景觀陽臺甄選出的植物，將隨著季節(jié)的更迭在一年光景中幻化出多種多樣的景色。不受柱子和墻體限制且具有更高靈活性的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)層使室內(nèi)布局呈現(xiàn)出多種形態(tài)。如沿南立面縱向設(shè)置起居空間、沿著中心軸橫向設(shè)置起居空間或沿著公寓的軸線或在躍層高度設(shè)置起居空間，這些都是可以實現(xiàn)的。

2050年，將會有900萬人居住在我們創(chuàng)造的建筑里，世界人口的80%將居住在大都市。是時候出現(xiàn)一種對生態(tài)負(fù)責(zé)的新的生活方式了，尊重環(huán)境，提高人們的生活質(zhì)量，讓城市回歸自然。 （天妮 譯）

8 總平面/Site plan

9 鳥瞰效果/Rendering of aerial view

10 建設(shè)中/Under construction

Our leitmotiv is: 'The City works like an ecosystem, the centre a forest, and the tower an inhabitable tree.' Besides this moving geometry wearing a planted dress with sensual style, the project represents really a built ecosystem that repatriates the fauna and the flora at the heart of the city and generates alone a new nest of subtropical biodiversity.

Te 20 inhabited levels in the double helix stretch and twist at 90°. From the simple and standardized element of the double helixes of housing vertically superimposed and placed in successive rotation of 4.5° level by level, a multi-facial morphology appears all in convex and concave curves. It is responding to four major objectives of the design:

(1) The first objective is to be perfectly integrated in the North / South pyramidal profile of the volume in respect of urban setbacks.

(2) The second objective is to generate a maximum of cascades of suspended open-air gardens, not part of the F.A.R. (floor area ratio). Thus, the planted balcony surface area can easily exceed the limit of the required 10 percent.

(3) The third objective is to offer to the inhabitants' exceptional panoramic views on the skyline of Taipei by multiplying the transversal views, especially towards the very close Taipei 101 Tower and the Central Business District.

(4) The fourth objective is to generate a progressive geometry from a flexible standardized level with luxuriant green corbels, which assures the intimacy and the confidentiality of each apartment by avoiding indiscreet visual axes.

The tower is eco-designed to represent the perfect fusion of the climate, landscape and architecture. The sunlight, thermal and wind analysis have enabled us to improve the bioclimatic design of the project. The project is eco-conceived by the integration of bioclimatic passive systems (as natural lighting and ventilation for the core and the basement, rain water and grey water recycle, low-e glass, wind chimney in the double curtain wall) but also by the renewable energies (as the big photovoltaic solar roof and canopies, the automation for the energy saving, and lifts utilizing energy-saving regenerative drives).

The landscape, designed by SWA based in San Francisco, reinforces the spiraling movement of the tower by a continuum between the landscape balconies, the garden on ground floor and the seismic joint in circular shape all around the basement. The central core has been designed to separate totally the vertical circulations into two housing units on the same level. Tis core is fixed (it does not pivot). But in order to ensure the rotation of the storeys floor by floor, it is surrounded by a (naturally lightened & ventilated) horizontal circulation loop welcoming the entry foyer dedicated to each unit. This buffer loop enables thus to set the main entrance always in the axis of each apartment and this despite of the 4.5 degrees' rotation storey by storey.

During the research, the most important challenge was to develop all the structural, MEP, seismic, interior design and landscape concepts in order to reinforce the initial spiraling concept with all other teams.

The objective of the Client, BES, was to develop 2 big units of 550m2each, completely free of columns and walls presenting a maximum of flexibility for the interior layouts of all tenants. We have thus developed two typical plans: The typical even floor plan comes with Vierendeel beams along longitudinal facades, and typical odd floor plan without Vierendeel beams. The detailed cross sections through the even and odd number floors presents the integration of the planting beds in the thickness of double decks to maximize the indooroutdoor connectivity towards the skyline. The spiraling mega-columns, located at both ends of the story, are doubled by oblique shafts wrapping the skew pipes. Tese skew shafts are transformed into continuous vertical skew green walls all along the height of the tower. During all the year, the species selected by our landscape architects for the landscape balconies will create various scenery with the seasons change. With the hyper-flexibility of the typical story free of columns, walls and shafts, all the interior layouts are possible. For example, it is possible to locate the living spaces longitudinally along the south facade, transversely along the core or in the axis of the apartment or in double height.

In 2050, we will be 9 million of human beings on our blue planet and 80% of the world population will live in mega-cities. It's time to invent new ecoresponsible lifestyles and to repatriate the nature in our city in order to increase the quality of our life with the respect of our environment.

11.12 建設(shè)中/Under construction

13 屋頂層平面/Roof floor plan

14 平面/Floor plan

15 樓身局部/Parts of building

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: BES Engineering Corporation, Taipei

國際建筑設(shè)計團(tuán)隊/International Design Architect: Vincent Callebaut Architectures

本地設(shè)計團(tuán)隊/Local Architect: LKP Design

結(jié)構(gòu)工程/Structural Engineer: King-Le Chang & Associates

本地水暖電/Local MEP Engineering: Sine & Associates

國際室內(nèi)設(shè)計/International Interior Architect: Wilson & Associates (WA)

國際景觀設(shè)計/International Landscape Architect: SWA, Sausalito

本地景觀設(shè)計/Local Landscape Architect: Horizon & Atmosphere (H&A)

國際照明設(shè)計/International Lighting Designer: L'Observatoire International

本地照明設(shè)計/Local Lighting Designer: Unolai Design

綠植顧問/Green Consultant: Enertek

文森特·卡勒博建筑事務(wù)所/VCA'S Team: Emilie Diers, Frederique Beck, Jiao Yang, Florence Mauny, Volker Erlich, Philippe Steels, Marco Conti Sikic, Benoit Patterlini, Maguy Delrieu, Vincent Callebaut

項目定位/Program: 公寓+設(shè)施/Apartments + Facilities

表面積/Surface Area: 42,335.34m2

目前階段/Current Phase: 施工中/Under construction

竣工/Delivery: 2017.09

綠色認(rèn)證/Green Certification: 美國綠色建筑委員會LEED金級，低碳建筑聯(lián)盟鉆石級認(rèn)證/ U.S. Green Building Council, LEED Gold; Low Carbon Building Alliance, Diamond Level

16.17 建設(shè)中/Under construction

18 透視：單雙數(shù)層空腹梁系統(tǒng)和斜向豎井/Perspective view -even and unevenfloors vierendeel beams system and oblique pipes（1-18圖片來源/Copyrights: Vincent Callebaut Architectures）

評論

肖毅強(qiáng)：“垂直森林”的建設(shè)日益成為熱潮，“陶朱隱園”以垂直生態(tài)的方式無可置疑地將成為城市的新地標(biāo)。項目遵循城市自然環(huán)境下的形態(tài)選擇，通過環(huán)繞式外廊的旋轉(zhuǎn)跌級實現(xiàn)面向陽光的垂直綠化景觀。自主性的形態(tài)既是生物規(guī)則的要求，也很好地實現(xiàn)了亞熱帶地區(qū)的氣候適應(yīng)性的要求，挑戰(zhàn)常規(guī)的形式創(chuàng)新也證明了當(dāng)代工程技術(shù)的可能性。這一生態(tài)規(guī)則優(yōu)先下的城市居住體所呈現(xiàn)的形式“獨(dú)立性”未免讓人擔(dān)心——我們長期致力維持的都市空間規(guī)則會被進(jìn)一步瓦解。如同現(xiàn)代建筑歷程中，結(jié)構(gòu)規(guī)則優(yōu)先下的結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)建筑對都市建筑關(guān)系帶來的挑戰(zhàn)一樣，我們需要做好準(zhǔn)備去面對生態(tài)規(guī)則下新的城市建設(shè)問題。

林波榮：臺北陶朱隱園項目是氣候適應(yīng)、立體景觀和綠色生態(tài)理念相結(jié)合的嘗試。項目的核心功能采用了雙層幕墻系統(tǒng)，形成垂直循環(huán)和內(nèi)部空間的氣候控制。對于夏熱冬暖氣候地區(qū)而言，最為影響能耗和室內(nèi)環(huán)境舒適度的遮陽、通風(fēng)、立體景觀、雨水收集等被動式技術(shù)理念和太陽能光電、低輻射玻璃、節(jié)能電梯等先進(jìn)科技融合起來，還考慮了動物棲息地的營造和人與自然的融合，這是高密度城市群公共建筑綠色生態(tài)性能的有價值探索。當(dāng)然，個人更為期待被動式技術(shù)在該項目建成之后的效果，以及使用者的運(yùn)行后評估，這對臺灣地區(qū)綠色建筑的發(fā)展極有意義。

Comments

XIAO Yiqiang: With the construction of 'vertical forest' becoming more and more popular, 'Tao-Zhu-Yin-Yuan' will undoubtedly become a new landmark of the city in a vertical ecological way. Te project follows the choice of form under the city's natural environment, to implement a vertical green landscape facing sunlight by rotating the wraparound veranda by layers. The form of autonomy is not only required by the biological rules, but also a realization of climate adaptability in the subtropical area. The innovation of form that challenges common practices also demonstrated the possibilities of modern engineering. Te 'independence' shown by this urban housing, which put ecological rules as priority, inevitably causes people to concern whether the rules of urban space, which we have been trying hard to maintain for a long time, will further collapse. Same as the challenge structural form architecture, which put the structural rules as priority, brought to the relationships of urban architecture in the modern architecture history, we need to be prepared to face the new urban construction problems under ecological rules. (Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)

LIN Borong: Tao-Zhu-Yin-Yuan project/Agora tower is an endeavor in combining climate adaptation, vertical landscape with concept of ecology design. The project's core function utilises double skin curtain wall system, creating a vertical circulation and climate control mechanism for the internal space. For regions with hot summer and warm winter, the passive systems that would affect energy consumption and internal comfort level most, including shading, ventilation, vertical landscape, rain water collection, are combined with advance technologies such as photovoltaic panels, low-E glass, energy efficient elevators. Te project also took creating wild life habitat into consideration, merging it with human-nature relationship. All features above contribute to a valuable research and discovery into the creation of high density city cluster with green and ecological performance. Of course, I personally would be looking forward to the actual performance of the passive systems after completion of the project, along with the post operational evaluation conducted by the user, which would be extremely valuable for the development of green architecture in Taiwan. (Translated by LUO Dan)