蕾切爾·卡遜

Rachel Carson （1907～1964） was a pioneer of the worlds environmental movement through her writing about the protection of the natural world. Her book Silent Spring （1962） made her well known by many people. It describes the harmful changes in the environment of using toxic1 chemicals on farmland.

蕾切爾·卡遜（1907～1964）因她寫的關(guān)于保護(hù)自然世界的文章被譽(yù)為“世界環(huán)保運(yùn)動(dòng)的先驅(qū)”。她的著作《寂靜的春天》（1962）使她為許多人所熟知。它描述了在農(nóng)田使用有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)對(duì)環(huán)境的不利影響。

Carsons career started as a biologist in the US Bureau of Fisheries. In 1951， she published her first book， The Sea Around Us， which became a bestseller. It made her rich enough to leave her job and devote her life to writing. She was a gifted writer. Her next two books were also about the oceans and both on the top of the book sales lists.

卡遜最開始是美國漁業(yè)局的一名生物學(xué)家。1951年，她出版了她的第一本書——《我們周圍的海洋》，該書成為了暢銷書。這使她富有到足以辭職，并且將一生全心投入到寫作中。她是一個(gè)有天賦的作家。她接下來所著的兩本書也是關(guān)于海洋的，并在圖書銷售排行榜上名列前茅。

Carsons book Silent Spring completely changed the way Americans thought about nature. It painted a bleak2 future for the whole natural world. It led to a nationwide ban on the use of a deadly3 chemical called DDT， and other toxic pesticides4 that farmers used for their crops. Many people say the book led to the creation of the US Environmental Protection Agency.

卡遜的書《寂靜的春天》徹底改變了美國人思考自然的方式。它描繪了整個(gè)自然世界的一幅黯淡的荒涼的未來。它引出了在全國范圍內(nèi)禁止使用DDT這類致命的化學(xué)物質(zhì)并且禁止農(nóng)民在種植莊稼的過程中使用有毒的農(nóng)藥的禁令。許多人說，正是這本書的影響，后來才創(chuàng)建了美國環(huán)境保護(hù)局。

Since her death， Carsons name has continued to be connected with protecting the environment. There is now a yearly Rachel Carson Prize. Norway awards the Rachel Carson Prize to women who have made great contributions5 to the field of environmental protection. In 1980， 16 years after her death， she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom， the highest civilian6 honor in America.

自卡遜去世后，她的名字被繼續(xù)同保護(hù)環(huán)境聯(lián)系到一起?，F(xiàn)今有一個(gè)年度獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)叫蕾切爾·卡遜獎(jiǎng)。在挪威，這個(gè)蕾切爾·卡遜獎(jiǎng)主要是獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)那些對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)領(lǐng)域做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)的女性。在1980年，也就是卡遜去世后的第16年，她被授予了總統(tǒng)自由勛章，這是美國平民能享有最高的榮譽(yù)。