南洞：一列開往世界的藝術(shù)列車

季長(zhǎng)弓

“功勛號(hào)”火車是南洞藝谷的標(biāo)志性景點(diǎn)。經(jīng)過改造，車廂內(nèi)依次設(shè)立了特色音樂火車餐廳、火車影院、“火車青旅”、小點(diǎn)音樂藝術(shù)臺(tái)直播間等別具一格的設(shè)施。這列長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的綠皮火車仿佛是一列開往世界的藝術(shù)列車。

“這里是一個(gè)天然大氧吧，是‘美麗經(jīng)濟(jì)，印證了綠水青山就是金山銀山的重要理論。下次來(lái)了，咱就住這里！”2015年5月25日，習(xí)近平總書記在舟山市定海區(qū)新建社區(qū)考察調(diào)研時(shí)，對(duì)南洞藝谷作了高度評(píng)價(jià)?？倳浀馁澴u(yù)，讓南洞藝谷美名遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng)。

2016年10月26日，30余位來(lái)自海內(nèi)外的媒體記者走進(jìn)坐落在舟山定海的干鎮(zhèn)新建社區(qū)即南洞藝谷。南洞藝谷占地面積達(dá)2平方公里，這里擁有美好的自然生態(tài)環(huán)境、濃郁的文化藝術(shù)氣息。經(jīng)過近6年的打造，如今，它就像一顆撒落在東海洋面熠熠閃光的明珠。

充滿詩(shī)情畫意的美術(shù)樂園

南洞藝谷家家戶戶的外墻，是一幅幅彩繪壁畫，色彩斑斕，形象生動(dòng)。這些壁畫色彩風(fēng)格各不相同，有古色古香的傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)畫“嫦娥奔月”，也有滿是英文的美式涂鴉；有充滿中國(guó)古典特色的戲劇臉譜，也有生動(dòng)活潑的卡通形象……充滿創(chuàng)意的壁畫使這些村舍頓時(shí)靈動(dòng)起來(lái)。

穿行在南洞的民居小巷，就像走進(jìn)了一片藝術(shù)長(zhǎng)廊。復(fù)古修建的明清老街同是徽派風(fēng)格，古樸的廊橋、靜謐的宅院，與青山綠水渾然天成。

來(lái)到南洞藝谷，“群島美術(shù)館”是不得不去的地方，這是舟山市首個(gè)村級(jí)海島美術(shù)館。

群島美術(shù)館館長(zhǎng)張高俊介紹，美術(shù)館建筑面積500平方米左右，擁有書畫院、展示廳和會(huì)議室等，免費(fèi)向公眾開放。舟山漁民畫是從上個(gè)世紀(jì)80年代發(fā)展起來(lái)的中國(guó)現(xiàn)代民間繪畫之一。作者絕大部分是漁家兒女，作品反映的也都是漁民日常勞動(dòng)、生活場(chǎng)景和海洋漁區(qū)所特有的海邊風(fēng)俗、民間傳說(shuō)等，注重地域特色。

這些個(gè)性強(qiáng)烈的藝術(shù)作品因具有原汁原味的大海情感、無(wú)拘無(wú)束的變化手法、無(wú)法意料的形式美感，透露出一種特殊的表現(xiàn)力和吸引力。

走進(jìn)美術(shù)館，柔光映照著大量的美術(shù)作品，海洋浮雕、舟山漆盤、船木家具、漁民畫等等，令人目不暇接。扎蟹、曬魚鲞、補(bǔ)漁網(wǎng)、看大戲……一幅幅帶有“海味”的漁民畫映入眼簾。

張高俊是舟山漁民畫產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)，已經(jīng)為當(dāng)?shù)卮迕耜懤m(xù)辦了7期培訓(xùn)班，數(shù)十人跟著他學(xué)會(huì)了版畫、剪紙等手藝，年齡最大的已經(jīng)有70多歲。

群眾藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作中心展覽著近百件由當(dāng)?shù)卮迕駝?chuàng)作的工藝美術(shù)作品?？戳艘患錆M生活氣息的畫作和手工藝品，習(xí)近平總書記連聲稱贊正在繪畫的村民和藝校學(xué)生心靈手巧，稱贊指導(dǎo)老師做了一件有意義的事。他說(shuō)，舟山漁民畫很有特色，很有味道。這里氛圍很好，為家鄉(xiāng)培養(yǎng)了人才。

習(xí)總書記調(diào)研新建社區(qū)時(shí)，正值浙江職業(yè)藝術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)生在此寫生，他們高興地將自己的畫作贈(zèng)送給總書記。

底蘊(yùn)深厚的舟山海洋文化孕育著優(yōu)秀的本土藝術(shù)，充滿生機(jī)與活力的海島為漁民畫作者提供了廣闊的創(chuàng)作舞臺(tái)。

南洞戲劇谷春色如許

如今，“南洞藝谷”又添一個(gè)響亮的名號(hào)——“中國(guó)南洞·戲劇谷”。

聽聞村里要辦“戲劇谷”，78歲的袁阿婆很是高興，“有戲文看，老百姓當(dāng)然開心！”而“戲劇谷”的打造，又何止“戲文”？戲劇舞臺(tái)改造、戲劇廣場(chǎng)建設(shè)、戲劇景觀街打造，這些全新的項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)提上日程，將在今年年底前全部建成。南洞還將引進(jìn)知名戲劇文藝團(tuán)隊(duì)、戲劇名家工作室，組織戲劇演出，建設(shè)中國(guó)戲劇原創(chuàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)基地。目前，已組建了三支戲劇團(tuán)隊(duì)，開展文化傳承、戲劇培訓(xùn)、演出等活動(dòng)。

2011年，幽蘭吐蕊，全國(guó)戲劇名家聚會(huì)南洞獻(xiàn)智獻(xiàn)策，“南洞戲劇谷”風(fēng)生水起。

新建社區(qū)在新農(nóng)村建設(shè)中打破傳統(tǒng)思維和模式，規(guī)劃全國(guó)藝術(shù)院校大學(xué)生實(shí)習(xí)采風(fēng)基地，他們改造部隊(duì)舊營(yíng)房，配套建設(shè)了一次性可容納600人居住的學(xué)生宿舍。2011年4月9日，南洞的全國(guó)藝術(shù)院校大學(xué)生實(shí)習(xí)采風(fēng)基地與中國(guó)美院、浙江藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院、華僑大學(xué)等26所院校建立緊密合作關(guān)系。如今，“中國(guó)南洞·戲劇谷”年均接待藝校學(xué)生達(dá)到3萬(wàn)余人次。

在定海南洞藝谷的水庫(kù)大壩上，經(jīng)常能看見一群漂亮的女孩在綠水青山的環(huán)抱中，開嗓練聲、訓(xùn)練形體?！澳隙凑娴暮苊?，在這里排練，嗓子放得開，經(jīng)老師指導(dǎo)一點(diǎn)就通。”一名叫陳杉杉的學(xué)生說(shuō)，她們來(lái)自浙江藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院戲劇系，來(lái)這里主要是排練畢業(yè)作品——越劇《五女拜壽》。

2016年5月23日，新建社區(qū)重要的文化地標(biāo)——文化禮堂建成開放，一樓就是戲劇展陳館，陳列著色彩鮮亮、形態(tài)各異的戲劇臉譜和古色古香的二胡、小鼓、的篤板等樂器……通過精美戲服、演出道具等陳列展示，弘揚(yáng)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)戲劇文化。

一位來(lái)自法國(guó)華文報(bào)的記者說(shuō)：“這里是一個(gè)戲劇的藝谷，也是舟山地方戲曲的展示基地?！彼钢箯d中舟山木偶戲的圖照饒有興味地說(shuō)道。

舟山的布袋木偶戲，傳說(shuō)是從寧波傳入，吸收本地的土語(yǔ)、民間小調(diào)、地方戲曲等成分，逐漸形成獨(dú)有的海島風(fēng)格，2009年被列入第三批省級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)名錄。

“中國(guó)南洞·戲劇谷”，在新建生態(tài)村多彩的文化畫卷添上濃墨重彩的一筆。

當(dāng)阿拉伯藝術(shù)家邂逅藝谷的海洋文化

除了戲劇，還有音樂、攝影、刺繡、太極功夫，多種藝術(shù)門類在這里相輔相成，相映生輝。

小點(diǎn)音樂工場(chǎng)猶如高山流水，琴瑟合鳴。該音樂工場(chǎng)由王飛躍創(chuàng)辦，是集詞曲創(chuàng)作、音樂制作、企業(yè)歌曲定制、音樂藝術(shù)培訓(xùn)、專業(yè)錄音棚錄音、演藝音樂活動(dòng)策劃于一體的專業(yè)音樂機(jī)構(gòu)。

走進(jìn)劉彩素手工藝工作室，只見飛針走線，巧奪天工。她的絨線繡，又叫絨繡、毛線繡，是用彩色毛線在特制的網(wǎng)眼麻布上進(jìn)行繡制的手工藝品。絨線繡起源于法國(guó)，18世紀(jì)開始流行于歐洲，并為歐洲王室所推崇。

劉彩素今年60歲，是干鎮(zhèn)青龍社區(qū)村民，愛好看書、種花，年輕時(shí)就是遠(yuǎn)近聞名的繡花能手，現(xiàn)在負(fù)責(zé)姐妹繡花加工廠。這個(gè)繡花廠名聲在外。劉彩素在繡花、釘珠等手工藝制作方面技術(shù)精湛，還主持幼兒刺繡教學(xué)和成人絨繡制作工藝培訓(xùn)。在浙江省婦女手工藝產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)意大賽中，由該鎮(zhèn)婦聯(lián)選送的絨繡作品《春華秋實(shí)》獲得三等獎(jiǎng)。該作品做工精細(xì)，是純羊毛線手工繡制，采用傳統(tǒng)的絨繡針法，經(jīng)過十余天繡成。作品正中是一朵國(guó)色天香的牡丹，花開正艷，春意盎然，表達(dá)了作者對(duì)美好生活的向往和贊譽(yù)。

當(dāng)阿拉伯藝術(shù)家遇見舟山海洋文化，會(huì)擦出怎樣的火花？

參加第五屆“意會(huì)中國(guó)”訪華采風(fēng)暨海上絲綢之路舟山行活動(dòng)的阿拉伯知名藝術(shù)家們，來(lái)到定海南洞藝谷。這兒無(wú)處不在的濃郁海洋文化藝術(shù)氣息、有著民間畫圖案的枕套杯墊和掛飾、繪有觀音佛像的絲巾，甚至用舊船板制成的桌椅，都讓阿拉伯藝術(shù)家愛不釋手。

工作室鋪著的一幅創(chuàng)作中的漆畫作品，成了阿拉伯藝術(shù)家們圍觀的對(duì)象。也門藝術(shù)家馬茲哈對(duì)漆畫的創(chuàng)作工藝和原料非常感興趣，他摸摸畫板上粘著的貝殼片，還用手指捻了點(diǎn)漆屑聞一聞。漆畫是張高俊的絕技，他有兩幅作品入選了第十二屆全國(guó)美展。

張高俊捧出一摞《高俊畫集》，贈(zèng)送給11位來(lái)訪的阿拉伯藝術(shù)家，68歲的摩洛哥藝術(shù)家薩義德也拿出一本個(gè)人四十年創(chuàng)作的畫集作為回贈(zèng)。張高俊眼前一亮，“畫得真不錯(cuò)，手法特異，風(fēng)格空靈，值得我們借鑒?！碧K丹藝術(shù)家約瑟夫邀請(qǐng)張高俊去蘇丹采風(fēng)創(chuàng)作一個(gè)月?！叭绻麜r(shí)機(jī)合適，當(dāng)然去。他們是‘海上絲路舟山行，我來(lái)一趟‘海上絲路阿拉伯行嘛！”

在舟山本土畫家張高俊爽朗而自豪的笑聲中，人們感悟到各國(guó)藝術(shù)家之間一旦產(chǎn)生共鳴，便可以跨越種族與語(yǔ)言交流的屏障而融合在一起。

“綠水逶迤去，青山相向開?！蹦隙此嚬戎?，如同一軸流淌著的山水畫卷。習(xí)近平總書記到訪南洞藝谷，令世界關(guān)注。南洞藝谷正在打造一張國(guó)際金名片。

春暖花開時(shí)節(jié)，全國(guó)各地的游客、藝術(shù)家乃至國(guó)際友人、嘉賓紛紛來(lái)到舟山定海南洞藝谷參觀訪問，進(jìn)行文化交流。他們第一眼看到的就是那列綠皮火車。南洞藝谷這列不同尋常的文藝列車將開出國(guó)門，開向世界的遠(yuǎn)方！

Island Village Prospers

in Art

By Ji Changgong

Nandong used to be a quiet village on Dinghai， the biggest Island in Zhoushan Archipelago， Zhejiang Province. About six years ago， it began to recreate and redefine itself in art. The effort and ambition have paid off. On May 25， 2015 President Xi Jinping came to visit the village during his inspection tour on the archipelago and admired and praised the scenic beauty of the island village. President Xis appreciation put the village on the map. Tourists and journalists have come in to take a look at the village that is thriving in art.

Nowadays， the village has renamed itself as Nandong Art Valley. The houses displays wall paintings in bright colors and most of these images on the walls can be seen， completely and incompletely， from afar. The murals come in a collage of different styles. Some are traditional images in traditional and folk art styles. Some are graffiti images with English messages. Some are cartoon personalities. Talking a stroll through the village of traditional houses and covered bridges gives one a brief lecture on the architectural styles of the dynasties of the Ming （1368-1644） and the Qing （1644-1911） that have survived on the island.

Archipelago Art Museum is a must for tourists. The 500-square-meter structure gives visitors an insight into the local folk art， known as fishermens painting， which germinated in the 1980s and has bloomed in the archipelago since then. The nearly 100 paintings on display inside the museum are very different from the wall paintings outside. All the paintings are created by villagers， reflecting the island lifestyle， everyday activities， customs， faith， folklore and legends. Unexpected， unbridled， and unpretentious， these artworks create a raw appeal in garish colors and raw brushwork.

The artworks are by villagers. Zhang Gaojun， director of fishermen painters association of Zhoushan and curator of Archipelago Art Museum， has held seven training courses in Nandong and dozens of villagers have come in to learn printmaking and paper-cutting. The oldest student is in his 70s.

The art village also attracts art students from outside the archipelago to sketch and prepare their graduation work there. President Xi Jinping on his 2015 visit to Nandong ran into a group of students from Zhejiang Vocational Art Academy sketching there.

Students favor the village for another reason. A nearby military barracks has been remodeled into a huge compound which can accommodate 600 students. In 2011， Nandong struck up strategic partnerships with 26 higher education institutions such as China Academy of Art， Zhejiang Vocational Art Academy， and Overseas Chinese University across the country. Nowadays the village receives 30，000 students a year. As some art schools in China also have theater departments， art students visiting Nandong also include those studying performing arts. With the constant presence of young artists in the village， Nandong has turned itself into a theater sanctuary. In May 2016， the village unveiled a new cultural center， which doubles as a theater museum. On display are facial masks， traditional music instruments used in regional operas， and costumes in various designs and colors. Also on display are hand puppets. The local puppet show originally came from Ningbo， a port city on the mainland across the sea. After the puppet show came to the archipelago， the art absorbed expressions from the dialect， folk tunes on the islands， and island theater performances. Over centuries， the puppet show has grown into its own and features a distinct island style. In 2009， the provincial government put the show on an intangible cultural heritage list for cultural preservation.

Nandong doesnt define art in a narrow sense. Music， photography， embroidery and Chinese shadow boxing have taken their respective footholds there. Xiaodian Music Studio， operated by Wang Yuefei， has a complete professional-class recording system and has space for music and art training. Liu Caisu， an archipelago islander， runs an embroidery workshop in Nandong. The 60-year-old folk art master was a local celebrity of embroidery in her youth years. Now she owns and operates an embroidery plant and hosts a training course. Her embroidery work once won a third award at a provincial competition for women artists.

In addition to the artistic ambiance of the island village， there is a long train parked outside the village. The island itself doesnt have a history of railroad and the train doesnt move and isnt going anywhere. It is just a landmark suggesting the outside world. The train has a long history of honors and now retired to the village on the island. The train cars now respectively serve as a restaurant， a movie house， a hotel， a music radio.